The first who tried to create a three-dimensional model of the Earth was the ancient Greek philosopher Crates of Mallus. In 150 BC, he presented his vision of the world order to society: on his globe, two oceans divided the earth's sphere along and across the equator, washing the shores of four continents.

The globe has not survived to this day, but Crates' hypothesis was one of the most authoritative for a very long time - more than a thousand years, until the research of scientists and the experience of travelers led cartographers to understand that the world does not look so schematic. A clearer understanding of the boundaries of the continents, poles, climatic zones led to the creation of a new model of the Earth.

"Earth Apple"

Martin Beheim was a prominent scientist in 14th century Germany. He drew his knowledge of the world from the great astronomers of his time and from long sea expeditions. So, in 1484, together with a team of Portuguese sailors, he participated in a journey that opened the lands of West Africa to the world. Subsequently, Beheim received the position of court cartographer and astronomer in Lisbon, and it was to him before his main discovery in life that Christopher Columbus came for advice.

Once in his native Nuremberg in 1490, the scientist met a passionate lover of travel and geographical science Georg Holtschuer, a member of the local city council. Inspired by Beheim's stories about the African expedition, the official persuaded him to start creating a globe that would display all the knowledge of modern cartography.

Work on the half-meter "Earth Apple", as the scientist called it, dragged on for four long years. The clay ball, covered with parchment, was painted by a local artist from maps provided to him by Behaim. In addition to the borders of states and seas, drawings of coats of arms, flags and even images of African natives, exotic for a European, were applied to the globe. For the convenience of navigators and travelers, elements of the starry sky, meridians, the equator, southern and north pole.

It is not necessary to judge the accuracy of this globe - it was largely based on ancient Greek knowledge about the world, which is why the location of land objects on it is very approximate. In addition, ironically, by the time this model was created, Behaim's friend Columbus had not yet returned from his western expedition, so of all the existing continents, only Eurasia and Africa were marked on the globe.

Nevertheless, the "Earth Apple" is a unique exhibit that is of interest to historians, geographers, and everyone who is interested in joining medieval science. To this day, Beheim's globe is the main attraction of the Nuremberg Germanisches Nationalmuseum.

In the works of ancient writers, it is mentioned that a certain Crates of Malos, an ancient Greek philosopher, follower of Aristotle and keeper of the Pergamon Library, was still in the 2nd century BC. e. made a model of the Earth in the form of a sphere. Neither this model itself, nor any of its images have survived to this day, however, those who saw this globe said that "Crates painted a single land on the ball, dividing it into parts by intersecting rivers, which were called oceans ...".

Therefore, the very first, at least the oldest of all surviving globes, is considered to be a spherical model of the Earth with a diameter of 54 cm, created by a German geographer, traveler and mathematician Martin Beheim in 1492, which is now in the Museum of the city of Nuremberg.

On the "Earth Apple", this is how Behaim called his brainchild (globes, from the Latin globus - "ball", copies of the Earth began to be called later), geographical representations of the Earth's surface on the eve of the discovery of the New World, based on data taken from world maps the ancient Greek scientist Ptolemy, who lived in the II century.

Soon after the appearance of the globes, which give the most accurate cartographic representations and are in great demand among scientists and sailors, began to appear in the palaces of monarchs, cabinets of ministers and simply fashion houses in Europe, becoming a symbol of enlightenment.

Especially popular were the Dutch globes made by the Amsterdam craftsmen Blau. They also created that model of the Earth, which was presented to the Russian Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich in 1672, the first in Rus'. The most famous of all foreign models the globe is the Gottorp globe with a diameter of 311 cm, made by the German scientist Adam Olschlegel in 1664, and presented to Peter I in 1713. Inside it contained a planetarium.

One of the most famous exhibits of the Kunstkamera is the unique Gottorp Globe Planetarium, created in the 17th century in Germany. It was presented to Peter I during the Northern War and brought to St. Petersburg in 1717. The diameter of the globe was 3.1 meters. Outside, it depicted all the countries known at that time, seas and rivers, and inside the globe, all known constellations were depicted - this was the world's first planetarium.

Modern globes, on which, compared to the first ones, images of new lands discovered since then have appeared, have moved from the field of functional use mainly to the field of visual aids for schoolchildren.

Author An@stasia Lifestyle D/s...® asked a question in Science, Technology, Languages

Where and when did the first globe appear? and got the best answer

Answer from Xenia[guru]
In the works of ancient writers, it is mentioned that a certain Crates of Malos, an ancient Greek philosopher, a follower of Aristotle and the keeper of the Pergamon Library, back in the 2nd century BC. e. made a model of the Earth in the form of a sphere.
Neither this model itself, nor any of its images have survived to this day, however, those who saw this globe said that "Crates painted a single land on the ball, dividing it into parts by intersecting rivers, which were called oceans ...".
Therefore, the very first, at least the oldest of all surviving globes, is considered to be a spherical model of the Earth with a diameter of 54 cm, created by the German geographer, traveler and mathematician Martin Beheim in 1492, now in the museum of the city of Nuremberg.
On the "Earth Apple", this is how Beheim called his brainchild (globes, from the Latin globus - "ball", copies of the Earth began to be called later), geographical representations of the Earth's surface on the eve of the discovery of the New World, based on data taken from world maps the ancient Greek scientist Ptolemy, who lived in the II century.
Soon after the appearance of the globes, which give the most accurate cartographic representations and are in great demand among scientists and sailors, began to appear in the palaces of monarchs, cabinets of ministers and simply fashion houses in Europe, becoming a symbol of enlightenment.
Especially popular were the Dutch globes made by the Amsterdam craftsmen Blau. They also created that model of the Earth, which was presented to the Russian Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich in 1672 - the first in Rus'. The most famous of all foreign models of the globe is the Gottorp globe with a diameter of 311 cm, made by the German scientist Adam Olschlegel in 1664, and presented to Peter I in 1713.
Inside it contained a planetarium. Modern globes, on which, compared to the first ones, images of new lands discovered since then have appeared, have moved from the field of functional use mainly to the field of visual aids for schoolchildren.
Source: http://www.vokrugsveta.ru/quiz/?item_id=342

Answer from Carlson from the roof[guru]
The first globe was created around 150 BC. e. Crates of Mallus. Anatolia is now Turkey. City of Cilicia.

Answer from baron[guru]
The first globe was life size, so it was not convenient to use it 🙂

Answer from BioPsychosis[guru]
The first globe was created around 150 BC. e. Crates of Mallus.
Unlike flat maps, there are no distortions and breaks on the globe, so the globe is convenient for obtaining general idea about the location of continents and oceans. At the same time, a globe (usually sized) has a rather small scale and cannot show any area in detail.
The celestial globe shows the arrangement of the stars in a mirror image compared to how they are seen in the sky, since we look at the globe from the outside, and we see the celestial sphere "from the inside".

Mankind has been trying to imagine what the Earth looks like for many millennia. For clarity, people created a variety of layouts, which can be safely attributed to the globe. So when did he show up?
Many believe that people until the Middle Ages believed that they were walking on a flat planet. However, this is misleading. Back in ancient times, progressive minds boldly put forward the theory that the Earth is a ball. So, for example, thought the great scientist Pythagoras. Therefore, we can conclude that the globe appeared several thousand years ago. More precisely, two thousand years ago. The invention of the globe is attributed to a certain resident of the city of Pergamon (the territory of modern Turkey) named Crates. This is mentioned by a number of ancient historians. Unfortunately, this model of the Earth did not survive to this day.
To date, the oldest globe is the same age as the great discovery of Columbus. It was created by Behaim, a geographer from Nuremberg, Germany in 1492 year. It is truly symbolic that this globe and the discovery of America belong to the same year. Although, it is worth noting that both Americas are absent on this model. Behaim's globe is medium in size. Its diameter is just over half a meter.
Gradually, globes began to spread throughout Europe and gained some popularity. The British even invented pocket globes, the size of a billiard ball. characteristic feature English pocket globes was that they were both a model of the globe and the dome of the starry sky, the image of which was applied to their inside.
Over time, more complex design features began to appear in the globe model. Since the sixteenth century, they began to mount a clock mechanism in the "womb of the earth", which set the globe in motion. This helped to determine the time in a particular geographic point. To some models, the Moon was added, which moved around the globe. So in their way it was not only a clock, but also a calendar.
Globes decorated the offices not only of scientists and travelers of that time, but also of monarchs and aristocrats. Such models were usually large in size and expensively inlaid with precious stones and metals.
Peter the Great also had a globe. He received it as a gift from the Duke of Schleswig-Holstein in 1713 year, during his German tour. The globe was huge, more than three meters in diameter, and was similar in design to English pocket ones. In other words, the starry sky was depicted on its inside. Authorship is attributed to Adam Olearius. The globe was in the Kunstkamera for a long time, but, unfortunately, burned down in a fire. A new globe was ordered to the then famous inventor A.K. Nartov. He developed the project, and the globe was made by Scott B. with his apprentice Tityurin. Work on the grandiose layout lasted for seven years. The globe was striking in its size. Inside was a bench for observing the heavenly bodies, which could accommodate up to twelve people. The geographic data on the globe was periodically updated.
But, nevertheless, it was a copy of the German globe. And the first purely Russian was created by a clerk from Pskov - Maksimov Karp. It was at the beginning of the nineteenth century. The globe was relatively small.
The great Russian scientist Mikhailo Lomonosov dreamed of a wide distribution of globes throughout Russia, which, in his opinion, would increase the level of education of the population.
Gradually, globes began to appear depicting not only the Earth, but also the Moon and the starry sky. Now it is impossible to imagine a school or higher educational institution without a globe, which has firmly entered the life of all mankind.

In the works of ancient writers, it is mentioned that a certain Crates of Malos, an ancient Greek philosopher, follower of Aristotle and keeper of the Pergamon Library, was still in the 2nd century BC. e. made a model of the Earth in the form of a sphere. Neither this model itself, nor any of its images have survived to this day, however, those who saw this globe said that "Crates painted a single land on the ball, dividing it into parts by intersecting rivers, which were called oceans ...".

Therefore, the very first, at least the oldest of all surviving globes, is considered to be a spherical model of the Earth with a diameter of 54 cm, created by a German geographer, traveler and mathematician Martin Beheim in 1492, which is now in the Museum of the city of Nuremberg.

On the "Earth Apple", this is how Behaim called his brainchild (globes, from the Latin globus - "ball", copies of the Earth began to be called later), geographical representations of the Earth's surface on the eve of the discovery of the New World, based on data taken from world maps the ancient Greek scientist Ptolemy, who lived in the II century.

Soon after the appearance of the globes, which give the most accurate cartographic representations and are in great demand among scientists and sailors, began to appear in the palaces of monarchs, cabinets of ministers and simply fashion houses in Europe, becoming a symbol of enlightenment.

Especially popular were the Dutch globes made by the Amsterdam craftsmen Blau. They also created that model of the Earth, which was presented to the Russian Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich in 1672, the first in Rus'. The most famous of all foreign models of the globe is the Gottorp globe with a diameter of 311 cm, made by the German scientist Adam Olschlegel in 1664, and presented to Peter I in 1713. Inside it contained a planetarium.

One of the most famous exhibits of the Kunstkamera is the unique Gottorp Globe Planetarium, created in the 17th century in Germany. It was presented to Peter I during the Northern War and brought to St. Petersburg in 1717. The diameter of the globe was 3.1 meters. Outside, it depicted all the countries known at that time, seas and rivers, and inside the globe, all known constellations were depicted - this was the world's first planetarium.

Modern globes, on which, compared to the first ones, images of new lands discovered since then have appeared, have moved from the field of functional use mainly to the field of visual aids for schoolchildren.