Young children usually do not have a natural fear of water and therefore they boldly climb into it, completely unaware of the dangers that threaten them. Preschoolers are often not able to adequately assess the level of threat, which means that the main task of ensuring their safety on the water falls on the parents. Although, of course, kids need to be familiarized with the rules of behavior in the summer. When conducting classes in preschool educational institution or at home, it is always necessary to focus on the level of a preschooler. Children at this age really do not like a stereotyped approach, and even the same age can vary greatly in development and sharpness of mind. Therefore, always consider this fact, make the most of visual and playful material, and also try to actively involve preschoolers themselves in the lesson.
The website "Defender Bagheera" also recommends that parents read the tips on protecting and raising children in the review "Psychological safety of children", and teachers may be interested in the material "Kindergarten conversations with parents on safety."
- these are not only lessons for the smallest bathers, but also for their parents. After all, the level of safety of the baby almost completely depends on the latter. Therefore, if classes are held with preschoolers in kindergarten, then it is desirable to add to them communication with parents to remind them of the basic safety rules on the water in the summer. This will significantly reduce the number of tragic accidents that very often occur due to carelessness and negligence of adults.
Water safety rules for preschoolers - fun lessons
In the lessons we actively use simple clear safety rules, as well as poems, pictures and stories that explain them. For example, the verse:
We will splash in the water
By the shore, where my mother put us,
We are not afraid of depth at all,
We are just water all know the rules!
So, preschoolers need to clearly learn the following water safety rules:
- Do not enter or swim deep into the water.
- Do not swim in the water without adult supervision.
- You can not dive into the water, where it is shallow, where the bottom is hard or sharp.
- Do not dive into the small inflatable pool.
- You can't dive into the water from boats.
- You can dive into the water only where there is a good bottom, sufficient depth, and where you are allowed by adults who should be nearby.
- You can not walk along the edge of piers, piers, breakwaters and other places where you can fall into the water.
- You don’t have to stay in the water for a long time, you can get very cold.
- When playing with children, it is forbidden to push them into the water or hold them under water, they may choke.
- Swimming is not allowed during bad weather.
- Rules for those who do not know how to swim or swim poorly - when swimming, use an inflatable ring, vest, armlets.
- Do not swim far from the shore, even on an inflatable ring or in a vest - it is dangerous. They can burst you and start to sink.
- If you see that someone is drowning or someone is ill, report it to an adult.
- If you have swallowed water, are cold, have a cramp or just feel bad - get out of the water!
- Be careful on the banks of a river, lake or sea, there may be holes even close to the shore.
We all follow the rules of swimming on the water,
Therefore, we know that there will never be trouble.
We are obedient kids, we love our parents,
And that's why we know the rules, and we will never forget them!
Water safety rules for preschoolers - material for parents
Now is the time to talk to parents about preschool water safety. Since babies are babies, and an adult must vigilantly control the process of bathing children, especially preschool age when the child is still quite weak and disorganized and when he can drown in a matter of minutes.
Important water safety rules - swimming in large pools
- If your preschooler is already a good swimmer and diver, then don't let him dive in places where the depth is less than 2.5 meters.
- Do not allow preschoolers to swim alone, always stay at a distance of up to a meter from them and secure the kids with your hand, even if the child is swimming with an inflatable ring or a vest.
- When swimming, try to always have a lifeguard or instructor on duty, but never rely on them alone, remember that you are primarily responsible for the safety of your own child on the water.
- Make sure that the swimming paths of young children do not intersect with older ones, this can lead to injury.
Swimming water safety rules - swimming in open water
- For swimming, use only circles and vests designed for use in open water, they should have thicker walls and, preferably, several self-contained chambers. So that the child does not drown when one of them is punctured.
- Always be near the child who is in the water. Don't take your eyes off him. A preschooler can go under water in a second and choke.
- Try not to take preschoolers to ride boats, water bikes and other swimming aids, it can be dangerous. But even if you take the baby, always put on a life jacket on him while still on the shore.
- Swim in specially designated areas with a clean, checked bottom, and where there is a lifeguard and a medical station.
- But if you are swimming with children in nature, then choose a clean, shallow place with a current of less than 0.5 meters / second. First check the bottom yourself, it should not be slushy and without sharp objects. Always be near the kids.
- Do not allow preschoolers to swim far from the shore and dive in shallow places or where the bottom is unfamiliar.
Swimming water safety rules - swimming in inflatable pools
- Never let children dive into inflatable pools.
- Do not leave preschoolers unattended even in a small basin. The baby can fall on his face into the water and drown, his arms are still too weak for the weight of the body and therefore it is difficult for him to get up.
- Protect as much as possible unauthorized access to the pool for kids so that they do not go swimming without permission. To do this, remove the ladder, put up a barrier, do not leave chairs on which you can climb inside, put a tight protective cover on top (that will not fall under the weight of a child or two), or drain the water from the pool.
- A reliable fence from kids can be considered a barrier with a height of one and a half meters, in which either there are no horizontal bars, or they are too small to make it convenient to climb on them.
- If you have a large inflatable pool with a powerful drain and fill system, then make sure that the exhaust system does not create powerful pressure that could suck the child in.
General safety rules for parents when bathing preschoolers
- Never swim in bad weather.
- Always explain to children the rules of behavior on the water and do not set a bad example for them.
- Never take your children to bathe while intoxicated.
- Watch children swim.
- Control the emotional state of the preschooler so that, having played, he does not choke on water.
Water safety rules for preschoolers - summary
Also, parents need to know the rules for rescuing drowning people, providing first aid. medical care: removal of water from the lungs, artificial respiration and chest compressions. Please note that in the case of young children, they are done a little differently than with adults. And most importantly, keep in mind that most accidents happen at the very moment when adults are distracted for a "second".
Elena Gareeva
Summary of the lesson "Rules and safety measures on water bodies in the summer"
Abstract of the lesson on the topic "Rules and safety measures on water bodies in the summer"
Target: To consolidate the knowledge of children about the rules of behavior on water bodies in the summer.
Tasks:
Organization of students learning the rules of conduct and safety measures on the water, as well as algorithms for actions in dangerous situations in these conditions.
The development of children's communication skills - to tell, explain, listen, ask questions.
Teaching the skills of cooperation, joint creative activity.
Lesson progress:
came summer holidays. It's nice to swim in the sea, in the river, in the lake, in the pond on a hot summer day. We really want your vacation to be hassle-free. But each body of water can be dangerous in its own way. How do you think they can be dangerous?
Let's remember the rules of behavior on the water in the summer (watch the video "Rules for safe behavior on the water")
And now we are in game form reinforce existing knowledge on the topic. Today in the lesson we will talk about the dangers and rules of behavior near the water.
Now I invite you to play the game "Finish the sentence". I will begin to read the rule, and you will finish it, choosing the right words.
You can't come to the water... Without adults.
You can’t go swimming in a deep ... Place.
You can not dive in unfamiliar ... Places.
You can't dive in shallow... places.
You can not swim in unfamiliar ... Places.
You can not swim in places where swimming is ... Prohibited.
You can't swim beyond...buoys.
You can not swim immediately after ... Meals.
You can not swim after a long sunbathing ... In the sun.
Well done boys. Completed the task.
Guys, listen to the story and find the mistakes in it. ( "Find the mistake")
“One day, while no one was at home, the children decided to go swimming. stood sunny days the water in the river was warm. There were a lot of people on the beach, and the boys decided to go away, the place is unfamiliar, but no one will bother them to swim there. They laid a blanket on the shore and decided to first sunbathe in the sun. The guys sunbathed and decided to jump into the water with a run.
The boys took a long swim. They tried, while playing, to drown each other. And it’s good that an adult passed by, who made them get out of the water and immediately go home. ”
What rules did the boys break? (The boys went to the river without adults. They went further away and swam in an unfamiliar place. They entered the water abruptly. They were in the water for a long time. You can’t dive in unfamiliar places. You can’t drown each other, because you can choke on water and drown.)
"Help Items"
Guys, look at these pictures (pictures posted on the board with the image of a life buoy, a mattress, a vest, a log.)
What can unite these objects?
Right. With the help of these items, you can save a drowning person.
If a friend drowns in the river.
If he goes to the bottom
Throw him a rope, a circle,
Stick, ball or log.
And now let's try to choose the right items that will help the drowning man. I will name the items, and when you hear the name of the desired item, you will clap your hands, and if this is an unnecessary item, stomp:
Inflatable mattress;
Lifebuoy;
Goggles;
Long stick;
Inflatable vest;
rubber ball;
Rope;
Wooden raft;
rubber chamber.
Fizkultminutka.
We went down to the fast river,
Bent over and washed.
One two three four.
That's how nicely refreshed.
And now they swam together.
You need to do this by hand:
Together - once, this is breaststroke.
One another is a crawl.
All as one, we swim like a dolphin.
Went to the steep shore
And we went home.
"Pick a Pair"
Children are presented with a poetic text describing the situation, it is necessary to choose the right picture.
1. On the high bank,
Children do not play!
From under the feet to leave the ground
Maybe you know!
And straight down the cliff
Fly into the water...
And keep screaming:
"People, help!"
2. When thunder rumbles around
And lightning flashes
Don't go into open water!
After all, anything happens...
And if you're caught in a thunderstorm
Don't swim, don't swim...
As soon as the rain fell
Get to the beach!
3. For both adults and children
I would like to say:
In an unfamiliar place
You can't dive!
May be very small
The river to be...
And the sand is dangerous
Poke your head!
Branches, stones, glass
Hiding at the bottom
It's hard to notice them
In the water depth...
4. If you have fun on the water,
Make sure that the joke does not lead to trouble ...
Do not drown another - it may turn out
That water will happen to a friend to swallow,
He will panic, he will break out -
And you will be dragged under the water with it!
And the game ends sadly...
We don't want you to drown in the river!
5. Waves are rolling from boats with ships ...
It's not worth arguing with such waves!
You avoid them as much as possible.
Do not swim close to the boats:
It is very difficult to see the swimmer from above,
It is impossible to slow down on the water:
Can cover the head with water,
Might take your breath away...
There will be a sad ending, probably:
You probably won't be able to go back...
6. The beach is surrounded by buoys
From ships, snags and waves.
So you can swim here
Nothing to fear.
Have fun how you want
But please note:
In order not to lose life -
Do not swim for the buoys!
7. No need to be naughty
And make holes in the circle;
Not worth risking your life
Not friend, not girlfriend.
But if you, but if you
Naughty and evil prankster -
Close to disaster
The circle of holes is dangerous.
8. Do not swim near the sewer -
Maybe they can drag you right into the pipe ...
And it won't work no matter how hard you try
Jump up for air...
Very dangerous - remember, brothers!
Have fun next to the sewer!
9. If you want to sail in a boat,
That is necessary, children, please note:
You can ride all day, until sunset,
Just don't rock the boat
And do not reach for a beautiful flower
Can the boat turn over...
You will not be able to surface - then there will be trouble!
Be careful always on the water!
10. Fun for kids to ride the waves
On colored mattresses, inflatable circles.
All you need to know is:
You don't have to swim far into the water!
A circle or a mattress may leak ...
Who will have time to save you from the abyss?
And it's easy to roll over on the waves ...
“Draw the sign “Safety on the water!”(It is proposed to depict signs indicating: swimming is prohibited, do not swim behind the buoys, a place for swimming)
word game"Yes or no"
(If it’s dangerous, we raise our hands up; if not, we lower our hands.)
Can I go swimming in the pond without an adult?
Can't jump and dive into the water?
Can I swim far from the shore on an inflatable sailor?
Can I swim in places where swimming is prohibited?
Is it not allowed to push, splash, grab each other by the legs and arms, lower each other's heads into the water?
Can one walk on frozen ponds and rivers?
It is impossible to move on the ice of the river during the thaw?
Do you need to call for help if the ice cracked under your feet and fell through, and you ended up in a hole?
The game "What will I take to the beach?"
Now, guys, we will check how you know how to get ready for the beach. You need to choose cards with the name of the items needed to go to the beach and explain your choice.
Not only parents care about your safety while relaxing by the pond, but also people of special professions. Do you know what these professions are called? (Divers, rescuers, etc.)
Listen to the diver's story and answer the question, what safety rules did the children break?
Gleb Ivanych - diver, dived 20 times a day.
He saved 240 adults and saved 3000 children.
He has a medal and an order, but he waved at the medal:
If anyone drowns, it will be a great pity!
I've been sitting on the tower all day, the kids are hooligans:
Either they fight on rafts, or they dive in the wrong places,
They swim behind the buoys and go to the bottom of the river ...
I would look for a better treasure! I would love to fish!
But in the river, instead of fish, I should catch the guys ...
In general, I will tell everyone that swimming is not a trifle!
So ended his story Gleb Ivanovich diver.
What did the diver have to observe?
Sometimes, even following water safety rules, trouble can happen. The main thing is not to panic and you need to remember the basic rules.
Practical lesson
How to get rid of cramps.
1) Call people for help.
2) Try to take a deep breath of air, relax and freely dive into the water.
3) Grasp the shin of the adducted leg with both hands under water, bend the knee with force, and then straighten the leg with the help of the hands, doing this several times until there is enough breath.
4) When convulsions continue to pain, pinch the shin of the leg.
5) Grab your big toe with both hands and pull towards you.
6) After the spasms stop, change your swimming style, lie on your back for a while, then slowly swim towards the shore.
If you choke on water.
1) Do not panic, try to turn around with your back to the wave.
2) Press your arms bent at the elbows to the lower chest and take a few sharp exhalations, helping yourself with your hands
3) Clear your mouth and nose of water, make a few swallowing movements.
4) Restore breathing, lie down on your stomach, move towards the shore.
5) If necessary, call for help from people.
If you saw a drowning person.
1) Attract the attention of others with a loud cry of "The man is drowning!"
2) Throw a life buoy, rubber bladder, etc. closer to the drowning person.
3) Call an ambulance.
4) If a drowning person is next to you - do not let him grab your neck or arm, swim up to him from behind and grab your hair. Turn over on your back, raise your head.
If we all follow the rules of safe behavior on the water, our vacation will be successful and fun. I think guys you will remember the rules of conduct while swimming. And do not forget the most important rule: To avoid trouble - be careful near the water!
Broduleva N.V.
Child safety on the water
Scenario of the event for "Children's Day"
Purpose: to form in students an idea of the correct, safe behavior on the water, to create conditions for the formation of such personal qualities as: caution, self-control, responsibility, respect for oneself and others, communication.
Equipment: computer, projector, screen, presentation and video films on the topic “Safety on the water and water transport”, cards for group work, colored pencils, test.
PROGRESS OF THE EVENT
1. Mobilization part of the event.(Children sit in groups)
Psychological readiness of children. Water riddle.
Very good-natured
I am soft, obedient,
But when I want
I will even wear out a stone.
What are we going to talk about today? (Answers of children).
2. Work on the theme of the event.
On the board, the children read the motto: "Caution is not cowardice."
How do you understand this expression? Children's reasoning.
Teacher: Water is our life necessity and mortal danger.
Water expanses occupy 70% of the Earth's territory. Can we live without water? No. We drink water, use it for cooking, for washing, washing.
What can replace for us the pleasure that we get from swimming in warm water? From this we can conclude that water is a vital necessity for us.
At the same time, we should consider that hundreds of thousands of people perish every year from natural disasters (floods, mudflows, storms, and others) from water.
A considerable proportion are cases of ridiculous deaths of people due to ignorance or gross violation of the rules of behavior on the water. From this we can draw the second conclusion that water is a mortal danger for us. Today we will talk about how, while enjoying the delights of water, not to become a victim of it.
Teacher: I suggest you familiarize yourself with the dangers that lie in wait for us on the waters.(View presentation).
What is the most important rule you need to learn?(children's answers)
The most important rule is that adults should be with you.
You must warn your parents where you are going, with whom you are going, approximately what time you are going. You can swim in the pond only with the permission of your parents.
Teacher : I suggest you determine which of the characters depicted in the figure is at risk of getting into a dangerous situation and why?(picture from the life safety textbook for grades 1-4, ed.Gostyushin A.V. or for grade 5, author.Frolov, Litvinov, Smirnov)
(Children in groups receive an image and work with it for 2-3 minutes).
3. Consolidation of the studied material.
Teacher: I suggest you collect a proverb and explain it. (Not knowing the ford, do not poke your head into the water).(Annex 1)
Teacher : There is a table in front of you. It has two columns. It contains the rules of safety on the water, as well as what we should not do so as not to endanger our lives and health and the people around us. Color in red what you can't do and green what you can.(Annex 2)
Dive in unfamiliar places, not knowing the bottom of the reservoir. | You need to know and take into account the flow of the river. |
Rock the boat while moving on it across the pond. | When you arrive at the place, first prepare for the bath. |
Go swimming in the pond with the permission of the parents. | Get up in the boat, get on board or lean over it. |
Run to the pond, quickly undress and immediately dive. | Children should swim in the pools under adult supervision. |
Swim only in places specially equipped for swimming. | Swim for the buoys. |
Swim at high or low temperatures. | You can swim in the reservoirs only in warm weather and in warm water. |
Before riding a boat, you need to check the serviceability of the boat, oars, if there are any leaks. | Play in water with holding the enemy under water. |
Swim in winter if the river is not frozen. | Can swim |
Swim in ponds and lakes away from swamps and sluices | Go swimming in a pond without parental permission. |
Swim on cameras, and other homemade swimming facilities. | Ride a boat under adult supervision. |
Before riding a boat, you need to check the availability of life-saving equipment in it. | Swim without the presence of adults. |
Swim in reservoirs located near enterprises with hazardous production, and sewage and industrial effluents merge into it. | If you decide to sail far from the coast, you must correctly calculate your strength. Get out of the water at the first sign of fatigue or feeling unwell |
Avoid hypothermia of the body during prolonged exposure to water. | Swim in a boat to places of mass bathing of people. |
Teacher : Children, you are invited to decipher the expression. From each word, take only the syllable that is indicated in the code, and then add the resulting syllables.(Annex 3)
1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1
Teacher : Read the resulting expression.
Correct Answer: Your safety is in your hands.
Teacher: Now listen to the diver's story.
Gleb Ivanovich, diver,
I dived twenty times a day...
He saved two hundred and forty adults
And saved three thousand children.
He has a medal and an order,
But he waved at the medal:
"If someone drowns -
It will be a pity.
All day I sit on the tower -
The kids are bullying:
They fight on rafts
They dive in the wrong places
Swim behind the buoys
And go to the bottom of the river...
I would look for a better treasure!
I would love to fish!
But in the river instead of fish
I have to catch the guys...
In general, I will tell everyone this,
That bathing is not a trifle!
This is how I ended my story.
Gleb Ivanych, diver.
Teacher : Gleb Ivanovich talks about the fact that the children violate the rules of safety on the water. What violations did you notice? Children answer: “they fight on rafts”, “dive in the wrong places”, “swim behind the buoys”. Teacher: Any violation has its consequences. What consequences does Gleb Ivanovich recall? The children answer: “they go to the bottom of the river...”, they drown. Teacher: This is another reminder to us of the need to comply with those water safety rules that we talked about today in the lesson. And what conclusion did Gleb Ivanovich make in his story.
The kids are in charge : “That bathing is not a trifle!”
4. Summing up the event:
Teacher Q: What did we learn today? (Answers of children).
Teacher: I suggest you consolidate your knowledge with Senya. (Viewing "Safety Is Important" cartoons from the websitehttp://www.senya-spasatel.ru/ ).
To find out if you have mastered this topic well, I suggest you take a test.
(Each group gets a test and completes it).(Appendix 4)
Not a memory I want to give you a reminder of water safety.(Annex 5)
Bibliography:
Water safety. Davydenko M. M.
- Big book of riddles. Uzorova, E. Nefedova - Publisher: AST, Astrel
Annex 1
Not knowing the ford, do not poke your head into the water.
Not knowing the ford, do not poke your head into the water.
Not knowing the ford, do not poke your head into the water.
Not knowing the ford, do not poke your head into the water.
Not knowing the ford, do not poke your head into the water.
Not knowing the ford, do not poke your head into the water.
Not knowing the ford, do not poke your head into the water.
Annex 2
Appendix 3
1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1
(create, language) + (trouble, zone, nightshade, extreme) + in + (cottage cheese, mine) + (ruby, cafe) + x
____________________________________________________________________________
Appendix 4
Question number 1 Complete the sentence correctly: "Swimming is safer ..."
- alone
- in the presence of adults in specially designated areas
- with a friend away from the shore
- if there is a boat nearby
Question number 2 Is it possible to dive in an unfamiliar place?
- No, there may be foreign objects under the water.
- Can. Don't be afraid of anything
- You can, but only if you made a bet
- If there are adults nearby, then you can
Question number 3 Why are buoys installed on the water?
- It decorates the pond
- Holding on to the buoys, you can relax on the water
- The buoys separate the zones of "wimps" and good swimmers
- It is forbidden to swim over the buoys
Question number 4 What should I do to avoid cramps when swimming?
- Nothing. There can be no cramps in water
- Need to change swimming style more often
- Don't swim deep
- Put on a bathing cap
Question number 5 What should I do if my leg cramped while swimming?
- You don't have to do anything, it will go away on its own.
- It is necessary to constantly massage the reduced leg and call for help
- Gotta get to shore fast.
- We must try to get to the bottom
Question No. 6 Is it possible to sail far from the coast on an air mattress?
- Can
- It is forbidden
- You can if you swim together
- It depends on the size of the mattress.
Question #7 Is it permissible to change places or board while the boat is moving?
- Not allowed
- Allowed. There is no danger in this.
- Yes. If at least one of the boaters can swim.
- Yes. If there are no waves on the pond.
Question number 8 What is the name of the profession of a person who is responsible for safety in a place where people bathe?
- Diver
- Fisherman
- Police officer
- Rescuer
Question number 9 What can happen if the boat becomes side to the wave?
- Nothing
- The boat can get water
- Oars may be lost
- The boat may capsize
Appendix 5
Reminder of behavior on the water
- Do not swim alone: in case of danger, a friend will help you.
- Do not swim in an unfamiliar place without adults.
- Don't play in the water, don't fight, don't make a fuss.
- Do not dive in an unfamiliar place.
- Don't swim in very cold water.
- If you can't swim, don't use air mattresses and tubes.
- Do not swim when you are very excited.
- Do not dive into the water immediately after prolonged exposure to the sun.
- You should not swim immediately after eating.
- If something happens in the water, never get scared or scream. While screaming, water can get into your lungs, and this is precisely the biggest danger.
Preview:
Synopsis of the GCD on safety "Rules and safety measures on water bodies in the summer." Senior group.
Target. To consolidate the knowledge of children about the rules of behavior on water bodies in the summer. Familiarize children with life-saving equipment for a drowning person. Develop curiosity, figurative representation. To cultivate a desire to take care of one's safety, the desire to come to the aid of people in need of help.
Course progress.
caregiver . Guys, tell me, where is water found in nature?
Children. These are streams, lakes, rivers, oceans, seas, springs.
Educator. Can water become a danger to humans?
Children. Maybe. You can drown in water.
Educator. Today in the lesson we will talk about the dangers and rules of behavior near the water. Listen to the poem.
What is summer?
That's a lot of light
This is a field, this is a forest,
It's a thousand wonders!
It's clouds in the sky
It's a fast river
These are bright flowers
This is the blue of heights
This is a hundred roads in the world
For baby feet!
Educator. It's nice to swim in the sea, in the river, in the lake, in the pond on a hot summer day. But each body of water can be dangerous in its own way. How do you think they can be dangerous?
Children. There may be a strong current in the river. The pond may contain various sharp objects and driftwood. There can be strong waves in the sea.
Educator. Right. Where is the safest place to swim?
Children. On the beach.
Educator. Right. After all, the beach is a specially equipped place for swimming. The shore was prepared there, the bottom of the reservoir was cleaned, the swimming area was fenced off with buoys, beyond which it is impossible to swim. To make swimming safe, you must strictly follow the rules of safe behavior on the water. Now I suggest you play the game "Finish the sentence." I will begin to read the rule, and you will finish it, choosing the right words. And so, let's start.
Educator. You can't go to the water...
Children. Without adults.
Educator. You can not go swimming in the deep ...
Children. Place.
caregiver . You can't dive into strangers...
Children . Locations.
Educator. You can't dive into the shallow...
Children. Locations.
caregiver . You can't swim in strangers...
Children. Locations.
Educator. You can not swim in places where swimming ...
Children. Forbidden.
educator b. Can't swim for...
Children. Buoys.
Educator. You can't swim right after...
Children . Food.
Educator. You can not swim after a long sunbathing ...
Children. In the sun.
Educator. Well done boys. Completed the task.
Fizkultminutka.
We went down to the fast river,
Bent over and washed.
One two three four.
That's how nicely refreshed.
And now they swam together.
You need to do this by hand:
Together - once, this is breaststroke.
One another is a crawl.
All as one, we swim like a dolphin.
Went to the steep shore
And we went home.
caregiver . Guys, listen to the story and find the mistakes in it.
One day, while no one was at home, the children decided to go swimming. The days were sunny, the water in the river was warm. There were a lot of people on the beach, and the boys decided to go away, the place is unfamiliar, but no one will bother them to swim there. They laid a blanket on the shore and decided to first sunbathe in the sun. The guys sunbathed and decided to jump into the water with a run. The boys took a long swim. They tried, while playing, to drown each other. And it’s good that an adult passed by, who made them get out of the water and immediately go home.
Educator. What rules did the boys break?
Children. The boys went to the river without adults. They went away and bathed in an unfamiliar place. You can not dive in unfamiliar places. You can not drown each other, because you can choke on water and drown.
Educator. Guys, look at these pictures.(The teacher draws the attention of the children to the pictures placed on the board with the image of a lifebuoy, a mattress, a vest, a log.)What can unite these objects?
Children. With the help of these items, you can save a drowning person.
caregiver . Right. Let's learn the poem.
If a friend drowns in the river.
If he goes to the bottom
Throw him a rope, a circle,
Stick, ball or log.
Educator. This will never happen if you and your friends follow the rules of conduct on the water. But sometimes people forget about the rules and troubles happen to them. What if a person drowns on your gases? You need to remember the actions by which you could help a drowning person. They are:
1. If someone is drowning before your eyes. You don't have to throw yourself into the water to save a drowning man. This is difficult to do even for an adult. You must attract the attention of others by shouting: "The man is drowning!"
2. Call for help from adults.
3. See if there are rescue equipment nearby. It can be everything that floats on the water and that you can throw to the drowning.
And now let's try to choose the right items that will help the drowning man. I will name the items, and when you hear the name of the desired item, you will clap your hands. And so, let's start:
Inflatable mattress;
Lifebuoy;
Goggles;
Long stick;
Board;
Inflatable vest;
Snorkel;
rubber ball;
Rope;
Wooden raft;
rubber chamber.
Educator. This is where our lesson comes to an end. I hope that you have well remembered the rules of behavior near the water and will always follow them.
Lesson outline
OBZH teacher, OBZH and DP deputy
Kuznetsova Irina Vladimirovna
Lesson topic : Water safety.
Class: 8th grade
Lesson time: 45 minutes
Lesson Objectives:
to activate the mental activity of students for the assimilation of knowledge in the system;
contribute to the systematization of the basic skills of behavior on the waterat various natural conditions
.
Developing:
development of the ability to analyze the situation and anticipate its potential danger, the ability to apply the acquired knowledge, the development of the ability of individual and pair work.
Educational:
caution education, education value attitude to your life, health and the lives of others.
Lesson type: lesson of generalization and systematization of knowledge.
Lesson method: informational, reproductive, partially exploratory.
Interdisciplinary connections: geography, social science, biology.
Complex methodological support: computer, multimedia projector, life safety textbook, situations, colored pencils
Pedagogical technology: training in cooperation (team, group work).
Work form : a cluster aimed at developing critical thinking.
Lesson plan
1. Organizing time.
2. Updating the lesson
3. Problematization of the lesson based on the concept of the value of water
4. Generalization and systematization basic knowledge using the Water Safety cluster.
5. Criteria for evaluating student work
6. Forms of work of students on the material of the lesson:
6.1. Analysis of specific situations in the group, work with the Water Safety cluster.
6.2. defense of clusters (4 speeches);
7. Final part:
7.1. summarizing the lesson;
7.2. assessment of students' activities;
7.3 reflection.
7.4. homework.
Lesson summary
1. Organizational moment. (1 minute)
At : Good afternoon! I want to start our lesson with a text, after listening to which you need to determine what it is about.
2. Actualization of the lesson. (1 minute)
method "Question to the text".
At : Human life has always been inextricably linked ..... . She covers two thirds of the earth's surface.She was a reliable barrier that protected from enemy attacks, and at the same time served as a convenient road, providing aspects of human life,she contributed to human settlement on Earth. Therefore, human communication with her requires certain knowledge and skills for safe behavior.
(students speak).
W: So, rightabout water and the meaning of water.
3. Problematization of the lesson based on the concept of the value of water (2 minutes)
At present, water bodies are widely used by man for the needs of the economy, for outdoor activities, for hardening the body. Thus, the water becomes dangerous for the life and health of people. Every year, for various reasons, from 150 to 200 thousand people die on the water in the world, in Russia - up to 16 thousand. Mostly they are children. An analysis of the causes of death in water bodies indicates that more than half of the accidents occur during swimming, and the remaining causes are accidents on ships, floods, and movements on frozen water bodies.
At : based on this information, formulate the topic of our lesson?
D: Water safety.
At : What will be the purpose of our lesson?
D : to systematize and generalize knowledge in the field of water safety.
4. Generalization and systematization of basic knowledge using the Water Safety cluster. (2 minutes)
At : To generalize and systematize knowledge, you need to divide into 4 groups and we will use the cluster method on the topic "Water Safety". You are offered situations, after reading, discussing which, you need to write rules of conduct. Remember that your rules must be clear and understandable.
You can use different colors to highlight the topic, drawings, various symbols are also welcome. You can see an example diagram on the board.
5. Criteria for evaluating the work of students. (2 minutes)
At : Before you start working, I suggest you get acquainted with the evaluation criteria:
Kind of activity
Number of points
Points
(I know)
The value of water
2 points - positive and negative values of water are given, examples are given
1 point - the general value of water is given or examples are given
0 points - no answer
(I know)
Rules of conduct on water bodies under various environmental conditions
2 points - the rules of behavior on water bodies under various natural conditions are given, examples are given
1 point - the rules of behavior on water bodies under various natural conditions are given or examples are given
0 points - no answer
(Can) Ability to apply knowledge when performing tasks (analysis of situations)
2 points - actively participated in the discussion of all situations,
1 point - actively participated in the discussion of no more than 2 situations
0 points - no answer
(Can) Ability to highlight significant values when filling a cluster
(group work)
2 points - selected all groups in the cluster, filled in the cluster
1 point - singled out only 2-3 groups or filled in a cluster
0 points - - no answer
TOTAL
8 - 7 points - "5", 6 - 5 points - "4"
4 points - "3", less than 4 points - "2"
We discuss each criterion for evaluating student performance.
6.1. Analysis of specific situations in the group, work with the Water Safety cluster. (19 minutes)
SITUATION 1.
Description of the situation.
You decide to relax by the river and, of course, swim.
question-task : Where do you start?
Answer.
It is necessary to choose the right place for swimming. The place should be familiar to you, without algae, snags, without other foreign objects at the bottom. Best of all, of course, the beach or designated areas for swimming.
Examine the place for swimming, set a limit for the swim, enter the water carefully.
The best temperature for swimming is considered to be the air temperature not lower than +25 degrees, and the water temperature - not lower than + 18 degrees. Also, swimming is affected by the strength of the wind and humidity.
SITUATION 2.
Description of the situation.
You are having a great time on the pond, you decide to swim again, go into the water and then trouble happened to yours: you fell into a whirlpool, your legs cramped, your legs were entwined with algae.
Question-task : What to do in these situations
Answer.
If you get into a whirlpool, then you need to get more air into your lungs, dive into the water and make a strong jerk to the side with the flow, float to the surface.
If your legs cramp, keep calm, swim on your back. When tightening the fingers, it is necessary to quickly clench the brush into a fist, make a sharp throwing movement to the side and open the fist.
With a cramp in the calf muscle, it is necessary to grab the foot of the injured leg and pull it with force towards you by the fingers.
With a spasm of the thigh muscles, it is necessary to grab the leg from the outside below the lower leg and pull it back to the back. The development of a reduced muscle leads to the disappearance of seizures.
If the arms or legs are tangled with algae, keep calm and free the limbs from algae with calm movements.
Floating with the excitement of the water surface, inhale to produce in the intervals between the waves.
When completing the assignment, you can use the textbook
SITUATION 3.
Description of the situation.
You often hear from adults that your vacation on the water does not turn into a tragedy, follow the rules of safe behavior on the water while swimming and pay attention to the "Swimming is prohibited" sign.
Question-task. Table basedselect water rules and situations in which you can see the sign "No swimming."
Answer.In order for the rest on the water not to turn into a tragedy, it is necessary to follow a number of general rules of behavior on the water while swimming.
It is forbidden:
- swim in the vicinity of piers, dams, water intake stations and other hydraulic structures, where there is a sign “Swimming is prohibited »;
Jump and dive into water in unfamiliar places, swim alone;
Swim behind the buoys;
- Swim in ponds and lakes away from swamps and sluices
Swim out to the ship's course and approach the ships;
Arrange games with "captures";
Jokingly shouting “Tone! Help!";
Swim far on inflatable objects;
Do not swim to the whirlpools;
Bathe after a hearty meal;
- "until blue in the face", until hypothermia;
Swimming after a long exposure to the sun;
Swim in a storm and with strong waves.
SITUATION 4.
Description of the situation.
A wonderful warm summer day, you decided to swim, went into the water and you saw how an unfamiliar person was drowning.
Question-task : Your actions in case of trouble of another person on the water.
Answer.
Swim up to the drowning person from the back if the person is not in control and is panicking.
Grab a drowning man in a way:
- "Per head"
- "under the arms"
- "with a grip under the arm"
- "with a grip above the elbows"
- "with a grip on the hair and collar."
SITUATION 5.
Description of the situation.
A beautiful winter day. You decided to take a walk and did not notice how you embroidered on the ice. The ice turned out to be fragile, thin, and you fell through the ice.
Question-task : What to do if you fall through the ice.
Answer.
You should not flounder in panic, free yourself from unnecessary things.
Lean on the edge of the ice, taking a horizontal position, pull the limbs onto the ice.
Roll out onto the ice without sudden movements and, without getting up, move from dangerous place. Feeling the strength of the ice, get up and get out in the direction from which you came.
Warm yourself by the fire, change clothes / you can use the clothes of friends /, drink hot tea. If possible, get to the nearest settlement or house.
6.2. Protection of clusters "Safety on the water". (10 minutes)
Method "Press conference".
At :Now each group comes out and talks about their cluster. Time for defense - 1 minute and 1 minute for questions. The rest of the guys listen carefully and compare with their cluster.
D : Students express their opinion, comment on the work done, give recommendations, additions to the work.
7.1 Summing up the lesson. (2 minutes)
Method "Decryption".
And in conclusion, I suggest you decipher the expression. From each word, take only the syllable that is indicated in the code, and then add the resulting syllables.
W: Read the resulting expression.
Correct answer:Your safety is in your hands.
Once again, I would like to draw your attention to the fact that the safety of a person depends entirely on himself, on knowledge of the rules of behavior on water bodies under various natural conditions. This will be the motto of your work.
7.2 Evaluation of student performance. (2 minutes)
At : Evaluate your work according to the evaluation criteria.
7.3 Reflection. (3 minutes)
W: very interesting and creative work.
cinquain method.
And in conclusion, I suggest that you writecinquainThis is a poem with five lines.
Rules for writing syncwine:
In the first line, the topic is called in one word (noun)
The second line is a description of the topic in a nutshell (2 adjectives)
The third line is a description of the action within this topic in three words (verbs)
The fourth line is a four-word phase showing the attitude to the topic (feelings in one phrase)
The last line is a one-word synonym that repeats the essence of the topic.
Example.
Water
Quiet, stormy
indicates, protects, warns
Water safety rules
Necessity
6.4 Homework. (1 minute)
Method "Ideal task".
W: I suggest that you complete the task of your own choice and understanding: write situational tasks, fairy tales, parables on the topic or draw illustrations for the topic being studied or make a brochure on this topic.
Literature:
Life safety textbook grade 8 for educational institutions under the general editorship of A.T. Smirnova, Moscow "Enlightenment" 2010
OBZH, a guide for students, edited by A.T. Smirnov, B.O. Khrennikov, R.A. Durnev, E.N. Ayubov, Enlightenment. – M.; 2010
http://www.alleng.ru/edu/saf1.htm
http://www.bezopasnost.edu66.ru/
http://www.school-obz.org/
http://www.meduhod.ru/deseases/firstaid.shtml
