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But the automotive industry stands out especially in the Volga region. The Volga region has long been rightfully called the “automotive workshop” of the country. There are all the necessary prerequisites for the development of this industry: the region is located in the zone of concentration of the main consumers of products, it is well provided with a transport network, the level of development of the industrial complex allows organizing broad cooperation ties.
In the Volga region, 71% of passenger cars and 17% of trucks in Russia are manufactured. Among the machine-building centers, the largest are:
Samara (machine tool building, production of bearings, aircraft building, production of autotractor equipment, mill and elevator equipment, etc.);
Saratov (machine tool building, production of oil and gas chemical equipment, diesel engines, bearings, etc.);
Volgograd (tractor building, shipbuilding, production of equipment for the petrochemical industry, etc.);
Togliatti (a complex of VAZ enterprises is the leader in the country's automotive industry).
Important centers of mechanical engineering are Kazan and Penza (precision engineering), Syzran (equipment for the energy and petrochemical industries), Engels (90% of the production of trolleybuses in the Russian Federation).
The Volga region is one of the main regions of Russia for the production of aerospace equipment.
LITERATURE
1. “Geography. Population and economy of Russia”, V.Ya. Rom, V.P. Dronov. Bustard, 1998
2. “Preparing for the geography exam”, I.I. Barinova, V.Ya. Rom, V.P. Dronov. Iris, 1998
3. "Economic geography of Russia", I.A. Rodionov. Moscow Lyceum, 1998
4. "Economic geography of Russia", account. ed. IN AND. Vidyapina. Infra-M, 1999
1. Fill in the upper part of the "visiting card" of the area.
2. Draw the main geographical objects on the contour of the Volga region. (Remember how you completed a similar task for previous districts).
3. In " business card"Indicate the degree of neighborhood.
4. Put on the map the largest transport routes, oil and gas pipelines, power lines passing through the territory of the Volga region.
Most of them are oriented in the direction of the Volga River in order to provide area with cheap electricity.
5. Mark in the table on p.64 and in the "visiting card" the type of territorial structure.
6. Reflect on the diagram the unifying (integrating) and separating (disintegrating) impact of the Volga on the region.
7. Mark the degree of favorability in the "business card" natural conditions for people's lives.
8. Arrange the listed cities of the Volga region in the sequence in which they would sail, moving down the Volga: Volgograd, Astrakhan, Samara, Saratov, Ulyanovsk, Kazan.
Kazan, Ulyanovsk, Samara, Saratov, Volgograd, Astrakhan.
9. Many cities of the Volga region have satellite cities. Write what they are called and what causes them.
Samara - Novokuibyshevsk, Chapaevsk, Kinel.
Saratov - Engels.
Volgograd - Volzhsky, Krasnoslobodsk.
Cause- development of industry.
10. Using the data in the tables on pages 65-67, show on the diagrams the share of the Volga region on the scale of Russia.
Compare these figures. What does their comparison indicate?
The area of the Volga region is small, but industry is very developed here.
11. Build a diagram of the sectoral structure of the industry of the Volga region (see task 1 on p. 69). Compare it with the all-Russian and diagrams of other districts.
12. One of the most important branches of specialization of the Volga region is the automotive industry. Indicate on the diagram the factors that contributed to the development of the automotive industry in the area.
13. Fill in the bottom of the "business card".
14. Based on the data in the table, make a map "Automotive industry of the Volga region". Draw production centers on the contour: with ordinary circles - cars, trolleybuses, trailers; double circles - individual parts of cars; squares - products used in the automotive industry.
15. Study the scheme of the oil complex of the Volga region.
16. Using the maps of the atlas and the textbook, set the composition of the Samara and Saratov complexes.
17. Reflect on the diagram of changes in the agricultural specialization of the area when moving from north to south.
18. Many works of literature and art are associated with the Volga, the names eminent figures culture of Russia. Remember them.
Painting by A.E. Arkhipov "On the Volga", V.I. Ovchinnikov "Moonlit night on the Volga", a poem by N.A. Nekrasov "On the Volga".
Consolidation of the studied material. Homework: p. 56, 57. Heading "Attention", problems of the "Great Volga". Compose contour map«Automotive industry of the Volga region» p. 276, 1. creative work: making a presentation about any republic or region of the Volga region. Economy of the Volga region.
Picture 33 from the presentation "Population of the Volga region" to geography lessons on the topic "Volga region"Dimensions: 960 x 720 pixels, format: jpg. To download a picture for free geography lesson, right-click on the image and click "Save Image As...". To show pictures in the lesson, you can also download the presentation "Population of the Volga region.ppt" for free with all the pictures in a zip archive. Archive size - 1785 KB.
Download presentationVolga region
"Tatars" - From the camisole you can find out about the well-being of the family. In a women's suit great attention given to a camisole (vest). What do Tatars and Mongols have in common? Camisoles embroidered with silver coins and jewelry were considered rich. So, after all, the Tatars, not the Mongols. Skullcaps were of two types: festive and everyday.
"Tatar people" - Traditional dwelling. Western (Mishar). The female half of the house. The peoples of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Kubyz. Volga-Urals. Gate of the Tatar house. Purpose: National cuisine. A common meat dish was kullama, bishbarmak. Tatar villages (auls) were mainly located along the rivers. Tatar language.
"Population of the Volga region" - The list of 100 largest machine-building enterprises in Russia includes 16 plants of the Volga region. Republic of Kalmykia. The average density is 3 times higher than in Russia. The agro-industrial complex of the district is represented by a developed agricultural and processing industry. Founded in 1177. Volgograd. The population is growing rapidly, but not due to natural increase, but due to population migration.
"The Volga region" - Along with the Urals, the Volga region ensures the economic integrity of the country, connects the Eastern and Western economic zones of the country. Volga region. Length 3500 km. Economic zoning of Russia. The Volga region is one of the most populated and multinational regions of Russia. Baskunchak is a salty lake in the Astrakhan region to the east of the Volga near Mount Bolshoye Bogdo.
"Povolzhsky district" - the Volga region uses both its own fuel and energy raw materials and imported ones. The total territory is about 536 thousand km². In the total electricity production, the share of thermal power plants is approximately 3/5. A more active use of excess fuel in the eastern regions is expected.
"Peoples of the Volga region" - The anthropological type of the Chuvash combines Caucasoid and Mongoloid elements. Tatars. The author of the work is Karimov Pavel, a student of the 5th grade of the secondary school, Oktyabrsky settlement. Germans. 16.5 thousand people of Mordovian nationality live in the Saratov region. By the middle of the 19th century, a number of ethnographic groups had developed among Russians.
In total there are 19 presentations in the topic
We present to your attention a video lesson on the topic “Volga region. Population and Economy. With it, you can learn about the Volga region. The teacher will talk about the features of the formation of the population of this region, its economy, industry, problems and development prospects.
The Volga region is multiethnic area. Everywhere, except for Kalmykia and Tataria, Russians predominate. They make up about 70% of the population. The share of Tatars is large, it is about 16%, Chuvash and Mordovians occupy about 5%. At the end of the XVIII century. Germans began to move here from Germany and founded the Volga Republic. During the Great Patriotic War the republic was liquidated, and the settlers were forcibly sent to Kazakhstan or Siberia. Before the revolution, the Volga region was an agricultural region. Only 14% of the population lived in cities. Now urban dwellers predominate, more than 74%. There are 90 cities in the Volga region, 3 of which millionaire cities: Samara, Kazan, Volgograd, and recently Saratov has been striving for the millionth milestone.
Sabantuy
Kazan Tatars in the spring to sowing celebrated Sabantuy(Fig. 2). This holiday did not have an exact date, everything depended on natural conditions, namely on the intensity of snow melting and the readiness of the soil for sowing spring crops.
Rice. 2. Sabantuy ()
holiday action took place in the squares, where there were many competitions and various fun games. Games modern Sabantuy traditional: climbing a pole, running in bags, pulling a rope, lifting weights, running with full buckets of water on a yoke, fighting on a deck with straw bags, running with a spoon in your mouth, beating pots with your eyes closed and various contests, for example, the beautiful Sabantuya and horse racing. A folk feast lasts for several hours and ends with an unforgettable ritual: a lap of honor around Batyr Square with a ram on his shoulders, accompanied by girls.
The core of the economy The region is represented by closely related intersectoral complexes: machine-building, structural materials, fuel and energy, and agro-industrial (Fig. 3).
Rice. 3. Map of the industrial regions of the Volga region ()
mechanical engineering is the leading branch of the economy. Factories are concentrated in industrial hubs: Kazan, Naberezhnye Chelny (KamAZ plant), Samara, Togliatti, Ulyanovsk (Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant), Engels (trolleybus production), Volgograd, etc.
The Volga region is one of the main regions Russian Federation for production aviation technology. Aircraft are produced in Kazan, Samara, Saratov. Helicopter building center - Kazan.
major centers chemical industry are the cities of Tolyatti, Volzhsky, Samara. A gas chemical complex was created on the basis of the Astrakhan gas condensate field. Samara is the largest petrochemical hub. Here are the cities: Samara, Novokuibyshevsk, Chapaevsk. Nizhnekamsk Petrochemical Plant is the largest rubber producer in Russia. The country's largest tire factory is also located here. The chemical industry of the Volga region uses both its raw materials (oil, gas, sulfur) and imported (oil from the territory of Western Siberia).
Fuel Energy Complex The Volga region is represented by the Volga hydroelectric power station, a variety of thermal power plants and the Balakovo nuclear power plant, which is located in the Saratov region.
Agro-industrial complex The Volga region is of national importance. The district ranks first in the production of meat, flour, cereals, the cultivation of tomatoes and watermelons, as well as the catch of sturgeon. The district gives a quarter of the gross grain harvest. This is the 1st place in Russia. It also stands out for the cultivation of sunflower, rice, mustard, etc.
IN Food Industry Flour-grinding, oil-pressing and meat industries stand out, which are located in transport hubs. The main center of the fishing industry is the city of Astrakhan.
OJSC "AvtoVAZ"
AvtoVAZ- Russian automotive company, the largest manufacturer of passenger cars in Russia and Eastern Europe. Formerly called the Volga Automobile Plant and issued cars of the VAZ brand with the names: Zhiguli, Niva, Sputnik, Samara, Oka (Fig. 4).
Rice. 4. VAZ brand cars ()
Currently produces cars under the brand name "Lada" (Fig. 5), in addition, it supplies other manufacturers with vehicle kits for the production of cars of the VAZ, Lada, Oka brands. The headquarters is located in the city of Tolyatti (Samara region).
Rice. 5. Car Lada Granta ()
Fish market in Astrakhan
Astrakhan fish market- this is the main center of trade in fish delicacies (Fig. 6).
Rice. 6. Astrakhan fish market ()
Here you can find all kinds of fish that this region is famous for. On the market are inhabitants local reservoirs: sturgeon, sterlet, beluga. Simpler smoked fish is popular among buyers: silver carp or catfish. You can also find fish such as pike and sabrefish. The delicacy sturgeon caviar is also widely represented.
Bibliography
1. Customs E.A. Geography of Russia: economy and regions: Grade 9, textbook for students of educational institutions. - M.: Ventana-Graf, 2011.
2. Fromberg A.E. Economic and social geography. - 2011, 416 p.
3. Atlas of economic geography, 9th grade. - Bustard, 2012.
2. Internet portal "Learning geography" ()
3. Internet portal "Bibliofond" ()
Homework
1. Tell us about the population of the Volga region.
2. Prepare a report on the economy and industry of the Volga region.
3. Write an essay-reflection on the topic: “How do I see the Volga region in the future. Development prospects".
