Ways are inscrutable (Memoirs 1939-1955)
Memories of the camp and military experience of Andrei Vladimirovich Trubetskoy, son of the writer Vladimir Sergeevich Trubetskoy.
Trubetskoy A.V.
M. : Kontur, 1997.
Like prayer smokes
Dark and inscrutable
your final paths.
M. Voloshin
It is known that memoirs as a historical source have significant shortcomings. Their authors tend to idealize the past, focus on the bright moments of their lives and sacrifice details for the sake of generalizations. And only in rare cases, when reading memoirs, one can feel both the air of the era and its ontological dissimilarity with others. From this point of view, the memoirs of A. V. Trubetskoy are extremely interesting to both the reader and the researcher. As a witness and participant in the events described, Andrei Vladimirovich is interested and important in everything. As a witness, he has a rare memory, and being inside the events, Trubetskoy fixes them with merciless honesty, which gives these memories a confessional character. This is not autobiographical prose, but the most valuable "living literature of facts", which, according to P.A. Vyazemsky, and creates the historical and cultural background of the time. A leisurely and detailed narrative is devoted to two key topics for Russia in the middle of the 20th century - the Great Patriotic war and Stalin's camps - and covers the period from 1939 to 1956. In this relatively short period of time, the life of one person contained strikingly dissimilar years; as the author himself writes, on the example of his "atypical" story, "merciful fate has shown its wide possibilities." This atypicality life paths within the experience of a whole generation and forced the physiologist, Doctor of Biological Sciences, A.V. Trubetskoy in the 1960s to take up writing memoirs.
"Inscrutable ways" have a subtitle - "from the history human life”, indicating the chronological limitations of these memories, beyond which the genealogical digression remained.
In the family tree of the Trubetskoys, branches of the most noble Russian families intersect - the Golitsyns, the Obolenskys, the Sheremetevs, the Lopukhins. (This could not help but play a role in the fate of the author.) This family gave an amazing number of historical figures, starting with the first mention in the XIV century of its ancestors, the princes of Gediminovich, and ending with modern times. Among them are statesmen and public figures, artists and scientists. If you believe the connoisseur of archival materials historian P.I. Bartenev, Catherine II should also be included in this list, since he considered I.I. Betsky.
Andrei Vladimirovich is a direct descendant of the philosopher and well-known public figure of the early 20th century, Prince S.N. Trubetskoy. He was born in 1920 in Bogoroditsk in the family of the youngest son S.N. - a former cornet of the Life Guards of Her Majesty's cuirassier regiment and a talented writer Vladimir Sergeevich Trubetskoy. The eldest son of Sergei Nikolaevich, Nikolai, who later became a major linguist, by this time, like many of Trubetskoy's relatives, was in exile. Mother A.V. was Elizaveta Vladimirovna Golitsyna, the daughter of the former governor, and then the mayor of Moscow, Prince Vladimir Mikhailovich Golitsyn. Like many nobles at that time, the Trubetskoys lived near Moscow, first with relatives of the Bobrinskys in their Bogoroditsky estate, and then in Sergiev Posad. V.M. Golitsyn and his wife (nee Delyanova) lived with their daughter's family. Both grandfathers of Andrey Trubetskoy were outstanding people, but S.N. died back in 1905, and Andrei found Vladimir Mikhailovich. This grandfather was “all in fine delicacy, and white bone and blue blood are immediately visible” (this is how the journalist S. Yablonovsky described Prince Golitsyn); he was lucky to avoid reprisals; he was engaged in translations from French, worked on Botanical Studies, wrote memoirs and read them at home in the evenings. The family lived hard: Vladimir Sergeevich was repeatedly arrested, and in the intervals between arrests he was deprived of his job. But the children did not see their father broken: he remained in their memory as a wonderful storyteller, a talented musician, a bright, witty person.
In 1934, Andrey Varvara's father and elder sister were arrested in the "case" of Slavic scholars fabricated by the NKVD. Vladimir Sergeevich was accused of having links with the head of the organization's "outside center" - his own brother, at that time an academician of the Vienna Academy of Sciences, Nikolai Trubetskoy. Vladimir Sergeevich and his daughter were sent to Central Asia, to the city of Andijan. The family followed them, and for Andrei Trubetskoy, the years of early youth fell on life in the Uzbek outback with its exoticism and all the complexities of the existence of a family of Russian exiles. Andrei was an excellent student at school (the craving for learning was the strongest passion throughout his youth), but he managed to finish the ten years only thanks to the perseverance and charm of his father - the Trubetskoy were “dispossessed”, and children did not have to count on more than 7 classes .
“In 1937, the family suffered a terrible blow: the father and Varya were again arrested, who received a sentence of “10 years in camps without the right to correspond” (that is, they were shot by VL). At the same time, the second sister Tatya (Alexandra) and the older brother Grisha were arrested, who received “just” 10 years in the camps. And we - the rest - left at the first opportunity Central Asia". In 1939 Andrei Trubetskoy was drafted into the Red Army; in July 1941 he was taken prisoner with a severe wound. And this is where the similarity between the story of Andrei Vladimirovich Trubetskoy and the stories of many descendants of the "former" in post-revolutionary Russia ends. His own Odyssey had begun.
Then life could turn out like Christmas story. Miraculously, he was released from captivity and got the opportunity, forgetting about the war, to live comfortably in the German rear. And here he faced the problem of choice: to remain a “titled person” in prosperity in the West, or to return through the heat of war to where the very word “prince” became abusive, to a devastated, truly impoverished house to his relatives, about whose fate he did not know did not know. Trubetskoy chose Russia - love for his mother, merged with love for the Motherland, forced him to make this choice. Then A.V. fought in partisan detachments in the Augustow forests - first in the Polish, then in the Soviet, and returned home already with active army. Life offered Trubetskoy more than once to choose. In 1949, as a student of the Faculty of Biology of Moscow State University, refusing to cooperate with the MGB, A-V. was arrested and sent to the copper mines in Dzhezkazgan. In the camp, the "organs" again offered cooperation, and again Trubetskoy chose, following not the simplest logic of life, but an internal moral law. As a result, he spent almost all the years of his stay in the camp in the penal, the so-called regime brigade, essentially in prison. But the “springiness” of Trubetskoy, about which his grandfather Sergei Nikolayevich spoke, did not disappear: the more difficult the circumstances, the more collected and stronger Andrei Trubetskoy became.
Trubetskoy Evgeny
MEMORIES. PREFACE.
MEMORIES. PART I
I. Beginning school age. Gymnasium Kreyman.
II. Musical life in Moscow in 1875-1877.
III. Eastern war 1877-1878.
IV. Gymnasium years in Kaluga.
V. Nihilistic period. Kaluga in the seventies.
VI. A period of searching and doubt.
VII. Crisis resolution.
VIII. University years.
IX. Musical experiences. Beethoven's Ninth Symphony.
X. Musical experiences. Classics, Glinka, Borodin.
XI. Philosophical studies at the university.
XII. High-society Moscow of the eighties. Our charades.
XIII. Military service.
MEMORIES. PART II.
I. Beginning teaching activities.
II. Yaroslavl churches.
III. Yaroslavl Society. E. I. Yakushkin.
IV. Moscow in the late eighties and early nineties. Lopatinsky circle.
V. Acquaintance with Solovyov.
From past
From a refugee's travelogue
Trubetskoy Evgeny
Memories. From past. From a refugee's travelogue
The old spelling has been changed.
MEMORIES. PREFACE.
The real “Memoirs” of my late father, Prince Yevgeny Nikolaevich Trubetskoy, are part of the description of his whole life that he conceived. The beginning of this work was laid, as stated in the introduction, in the very days February Revolution 1917. These were childhood memories. They are of an intimate family nature and are not intended for publication, but only for family and close relatives. At that time, my father did not even intend to start a consistent description of his entire life.
In the spring and summer of 1919, he wrote another part of these memoirs: Travel Notes of a Refugee, which describes the last period of his life: flight from Moscow from the Bolsheviks, stay and political work in Ukraine: and, finally, life and experiences on the territory of the Armed Forces of the South of Russia.
After this work, the father finally matured the idea of reproducing successively the memories of his whole life, and the previously written memoirs of childhood and the "Travel Notes of a Refugee" were supposed to enter here, making up a common whole.
Starting from the gymnasium years of his life - from 1874, he brought his memoirs to the first years of his professorship, ending with the beginning of the nineties of the last century, and was interrupted in mid-December 1919, a month before his death, by leaving Novocherkassk due to the onset of the Bolsheviks.
MEMORIES. PART I
Gymnasium and student years.
More than two years ago, when shooting in the streets in Petrograd at the end of February heralded the end of old Russia, an irresistible need arose in me to remember the best days of the past, in order to find in these memories a point of support for faith in a better future for Russia. Then I remembered the bright joyful pictures of my childhood. Since then, the need to remember periodically revives in me. i.e. not just to reproduce the experience, but to think about its meaning. At the moment when the old Russia dies and a new one is born in its place, this desire to separate the imperishable, the undying from the mortal in this rapidly drifting reality is understandable. The external conditions of life in a revolutionary era also predispose to reminiscences.
In general, it is natural for a person to remember when he is face to face with death; they say that the dying remember in a few minutes their whole life; this remembrance for them is both the resurrection of a lived life, and the judgment of conscience over it. When two years ago I began to write my memoirs to the accompaniment of a machine gun crackling over the roof of my hotel, it seemed to me that all of Russia was in the position of a dying man. - Now, on the contrary, I resume the interrupted thread of memories at a moment when the most acute danger has already passed. The difficulties ahead are great, the cup of suffering has not yet been drunk to the bottom, and yet the coming revival of Russia is already certain. But interest in the past is caused by the same motive, the same vivid intuition of the change of life and death. Then, in the midst of the whirlwind of destruction that had begun, an alarming question arose before me - what would not die, what would survive in Russia.
Now, in the changed historical situation, it is not the essence of the question that has changed, but only the way it is posed. Destruction is already an accomplished fact, and we ask ourselves what will come to life from what has been destroyed, what kind of life will be reborn from the ruins.
I. Beginning of school age. Gymnasium Kreyman.
In the autumn of 1874, my older brother Sergei and I entered the third grade of the Moscow private gymnasium Fr. Iv. Kreyman. He was twelve at the time, and I was eleven, and our entrance to school was our first exit from the nursery.
The beginning of school age for a child is his first contact with social life. Before school, his whole life passes in a private home circle, where he bears a domestic diminutive name. The transition to the school environment, where this dear intimate name is suddenly forgotten and replaced by the official name of the surname - is not easy for the boy. I remember when instead of the usual names "Seryozha and Zhenya", we were called "Trubetskoy I and Trubetskoy II", and sometimes with the addition "prince", - I was doused with some kind of cold. Sometimes, however, this feeling of coldness was replaced by a feeling of pride, because the magnification by my surname reminded me, at the age of eleven, that I was already big, but in general it was still creepy. It was terribly and from contact with school discipline.
Before joining the school, there was not a creature in the world in front of which I would not feel entitled to fall apart or lean on the table with both hands. And then, all of a sudden, it seemed to me, an unnatural pulling to the strings in front of the director and in front of every teacher who turns to me! - Incomprehensible, unintelligible at first seemed the idea of collective responsibility. Like this, all of a sudden, I will suffer for someone else's prank. When our class was somehow “left without leave”, i.e. detained for several hours at the gymnasium for some kind of prank, I was seriously offended and tried to ask to go home, referring to the fact that my brother and I were on that day "invited to a party with friends." When the comrades were indignant, and the inspector reproachfully said: “The school is not a private house, Trubetskoy,” I felt ashamed almost to tears, and I asked the inspector to punish me alone, and let the whole class go, which caused ridicule.
It was not easy for me to get used to some manifestations of the spirit of the times in the school environment, which directly affected me. In my family, I was brought up in the concept of "the equality of all people before God." My first friends were peasant boys with whom I ran and played money, and I had no idea about any class partitions. I heard that my father and us boys were sometimes titled, but I was not aware of the title in any way different from other people, thinking that this was just an insignificant addition of five letters to the surname. - And, suddenly, when I got into the school environment, where boys with early years they like to flaunt their "democratism" - the word "prince" immediately acquired some incomprehensibly offensive meaning for me. - "Prince, aristocrat" - they called me with some kind of mocking reverence. - Everyone teased the "prince". - It hurted me; what is wrong with that I am a prince, and what is my fault that I was born like that? Why am I reproached for my origin? Already here at school I felt some kind of aristocracy of the "black bone" - in these reproaches and in this desire to be "first of all a democrat", which unnaturally manifested itself even in little boys.
Especially at first it was cool; There were also special verses with which we were harassed:
fell into the mud
bumped his forehead
became ... .
Then, over time, all this changed, and we became great friends with comrades. We were united by that community of learning and pranks, which is the essence of the school fellowship. Class partitions, which appeared at the beginning, were defeated and disappeared; as if they had only just appeared in order to disappear. This reflects the great and beneficial educational influence of the all-estate school.
The spirit of the times brightly colored both the bottom and the top of the school. "Lowers", i.e. schoolchildren. they wanted to be democratic, they really wanted to, because the Kreiman Gymnasium, where they paid higher tuition fees, was in essence not at all democratic. It is amazing that in the state-owned Kaluga gymnasium, where I subsequently studied, there was much less of this ostentatious self-affirming democracy, and the attitude to the title was much simpler. And at the top of the school, the spirit of the times was reflected by its other side. In those days, at the very height of Tolstoy's system, the enthusiasm for classicism was in full swing. On the demonstrative assertion of this classicism, the Kreiman gymnasium made a career. Therefore, it represented a typical example, on which some of the advantages, but even more of the shortcomings of the system, were clearly outlined in relief.
We must do justice to Franz Ivanovich Kreiman in that he perfectly selected the teaching staff. Between the teachers who taught us were good...
Trubetskoy V S
Notes of a cuirassier
Trubetskoy V.S.
Notes of a cuirassier
"The Trubetskoys earned glory for their family by feats performed for the benefit of the Fatherland..."
Common Armorial noble families Russian Empire
Introductory article
This surname is undoubtedly familiar to the reader. The Trubetskoy family is associated with the most significant events in Russian history and culture. Among the Trubetskoy were military commanders, and statesmen, and public figures, and artists, and scientists. Also in late XIX century, an attempt was made to create a "catalog" of outstanding Trubetskoy (E. Beloselskaya-Belozerskaya. Legends of the Trubetskoy family. M., 1891), and today this work has been brilliantly performed in Canada by S. G. Trubetskoy (S. G. Trubetskoy. Princes Trubetskoy. Quebec, 1976) and in Paris by V.P. Trubetskoy (Genealogical collection "The offspring of Prince N.P. Trubetskoy". Foreword by V.P. Trubetskoy. Paris, 1984). The publication of "Notes of a Cuirassier" adds one more to the already famous names, little known, but deserving of its own, special, place in the Trubetskoy family tree.
The life of Vladimir Sergeevich Trubetskoy (1892-1937) could in no way be called serene. It is beyond measure saturated with events so different that some of them could make an adventure novel, and others - the story of a martyr. Alas, the time for the "return of names" came when Vladimir Sergeevich's contemporaries were no longer alive, the archive disappeared into the bowels of the Gulag, and we have at our disposal only fragmentary memoirs of his relatives, surviving letters and documents that have become known in the most recent time.
The man who appeared in the early spring of 1927 in the editorial office of the popular magazine "World Pathfinder" from V. A. Popov (the publisher who discovered and warmed A. Green, A. Belyaev and V. Yan), was thin, tall and, despite the shaggy from old age, the jacket and breeches, frayed windings and huge soldier's boots, left the impression of amazing elegance. Introducing himself as an amateur hunter, he offered the editor a story about how the cat stole and ate a million from him. Ornithologists promised to pay a million for the outlandish bird they had killed - a yellow chrome jackdaw, and now the visitor was counting on at least a fee for a tragicomic story about failed wealth.
The editor read the story and invited the author to contribute to the magazine. So in the "World Pathfinder" a new name appeared - V. Vetov. The real name of the author was Trubetskoy. Former prince, a guards officer, and now deprived, was 35 years old. He lived in Sergiev Posad and, having a large family, worked as a pianist in silent films during the day, and in the evening in the orchestra of a small restaurant. At one time, his grandfather, Nikolai Petrovich Trubetskoy, almost went bankrupt, creating, together with Nikolai Rubinstein, free music schools and a conservatory in Moscow. Now the music helped the grandson to survive. A close acquaintance of Vladimir Sergeevich, the writer Mikhail Prishvin, brought him out in the story "Crane Homeland" under the name of musician T. But he became a musician V. Trubetskoy involuntarily (slightly exaggerating, he said that life had taught him to play thirty instruments simultaneously, conduct and compose music). He was a military man by profession.
When Vladimir Trubetskoy was born, the tribal tradition of military service, coming from the ancestors - the heroes of the Kulikovo field, the princes Gediminovich, was already shaken. Public activities Vladimir's grandfather preferred a military career. The last military man was his great-grandfather - General Pyotr Ivanovich Trubetskoy, the notorious governor of Oryol, a somewhat caricatured character in many of Leskov's works. Vladimir's father, Sergei Nikolaevich, and uncle, Evgeny Nikolaevich, became scientists, philosophers, another uncle, Grigory Nikolaevich Trubetskoy, became a diplomat, and later a prominent church figure. My father's cousin, Paolo Trubetskoy, was an outstanding sculptor. According to N. Berdyaev, this family belonged to the spiritual elite of Russia.
The year 1905 was tragic for the Trubetskoys. This year, Sergei Nikolayevich, the founder of Russian historical and philosophical science, a prominent publicist, a major public figure, the first elected rector of Moscow University, died suddenly. From the press of that time it is clear how keenly this death was experienced by Russian society. “Faith was associated with the name of Sergei Trubetskoy ... in the overwhelming power of truth and the possibility of general reconciliation,” wrote the legal philosopher P. Novgorodtsev, “after his death, everyone felt that something had broken off in Russian life.” And the whole world left the family, connected with friends and acquaintances of the father - L. Lopatin, V. Guerrier and V. Klyuchevsky, A. Scriabin and L. Tolstoy, with memories of the teacher and best friend Vladimir Solovyov, Petersburg philosophers. Praskovya Vladimirovna, the mother of V. Trubetskoy, despite her rather tough, tough character, did not have a decisive influence on her sons. The interests of the elder, the future linguist Nikolai, were determined during the life of his father. At the age of thirteen he became a member of the Moscow Ethnographic Society, at fifteen he published the first scientific work. And the younger, musical and artistic Vladimir, an indispensable marquis or shepherd boy in living pictures and charades, preferred theater, music and sports to the sciences. Related varying degrees kinship with almost all of Moscow, the brothers were especially friends with their cousins - the talented philosopher D. Samarin, who died early, the future church historian S. Mansurov, M. and G. Osorgins (about Georgy Osorgin, who was shot in 1929 in Solovki, writes in "Archipelago GULAG" A. Solzhenitsyn, recall D. S. Likhachev and O. V. Volkov). This company included Boris Pasternak, and his later poem "Linden Alley" is dedicated to the memory of the Trubetskoys. After graduating from the gymnasium, Vladimir Trubetskoy entered Moscow University, but, without studying for even six months at the physics and mathematics department, he got a job as a cabin boy on the destroyer "Horseman", which was part of the escort royal yacht"Standard", an academic career was clearly not to his liking. True, soon a sudden passionate love makes him choose a shorter path "to people" than that of a sailor - in 1911 he enters the guards as a volunteer. This period of his life formed the basis storyline"Notes of a cuirassier".
After serving a year as a lower rank, Trubetskoy, already a cornet and commander of a platoon of the Gatchina Blue Cuirassiers, marries the daughter of the famous Moscow mayor V. M. Golitsyn.
1914... The war began. At the very beginning, for the courage shown in the battle of Gumbinnen, Trubetskoy received the St. George Cross. After being wounded and hospitalized in 1915, he ended up at the headquarters of the Southwestern Front with General Brusilov. Trubetskoy did not have a higher military education, but the knowledge he independently obtained different types techniques, general culture and fluency European languages favorably distinguished him even among staff professionals. Brusilov appointed him commander of the first separate automobile unit in Russia. It is known that in this capacity he led the rescue of the treasury of the Romanian allies, when the German troops were already entering Bucharest.
V. Trubetskoy perceived the October Revolution as a destructive element. Almost immediately, conspiratorial officer organizations of various political shades began to form in Moscow. There was also a purely monarchical one, where Vladimir Sergeevich, along with his relatives, guardsmen, A. Trubetskoy, M. Lopukhin and N. Lermontov, entered. At the beginning of 1918, they all participated in one of the first attempts to free the tsar. He no longer fought with the new government, but he did not leave Russia either, although almost all of his relatives ended up in exile. Perhaps they kept him not only family circumstances(three small children and old people, the wife's parents), but also the concept of civic duty and military honor.
A series of arrests began. For the time being, for Trubetskoy they amounted to nothing more than a confirmation of his loyalty. In 1920, Vladimir Sergeevich was drafted into the army. And here fate again brought him together with Brusilov. Walked Civil War. Brusilov, who joined the Red Army, was engaged in the mobilization of military personnel, and many responded to his "Appeal to all former officers wherever they are". In the memory of relatives, the story of V. Trubetskoy was preserved about how Brusilov singled him out in the waiting room filled with officers and began a conversation, inviting him to the office, with the words: "Prince, the cart is stuck, and there is no one but us to pull out. Russia cannot be saved without an army." Vladimir Sergeevich was assigned to the Southern Headquarters of the Front in Orel. However, Trubetskoy did not have to defend Soviet power either. a huge ration for those times. This time, a noticeable, "princely" appearance did a disservice - he was immediately arrested. Neither the explanation for the sake of which he turned to Bogoroditsk, nor Brusilov's letter of recommendation helped. Tuberculosis discovered in prison changed Trubetskoy's later life - he was released, demobilized, and he went to his family.
For the owners of the Bogoroditsky estate of the Bobrinskys, the terrible revolutionary events were softened by the quite sympathetic and even patronizing attitude of the peasants and city dwellers towards them, who helped the "counts" exchange things for food, and sometimes fed them. Against the backdrop of the general ruin of estates and arson, this was a rare, but not accidental exception. The related families of the Trubetskoy and Golitsyns came to the Bobrinskys. They all lived in the wing of the count's palace; the palace, declared "the property of the people", gaping with broken glass, stood boarded up. Of course it is
Like prayer smokes
Dark and inscrutable
your final paths.
M. Voloshin
It is known that memoirs as a historical source have significant shortcomings. Their authors tend to idealize the past, focus on the bright moments of their lives and sacrifice details for the sake of generalizations. And only in rare cases, when reading memoirs, one can feel both the air of the era and its ontological dissimilarity with others. From this point of view, the memoirs of A.V. Trubetskoy are exceptionally interesting for both the reader and the researcher. As a witness and participant in the events described, Andrei Vladimirovich is interested and important in everything. As a witness, he has a rare memory, and being inside the events, Trubetskoy fixes them with merciless honesty, which gives these memories a confessional character. This is not autobiographical prose, but the most valuable "living literature of facts", which, according to P.A. Vyazemsky, creates the historical and cultural background of the time. The unhurried and detailed narrative is devoted to two key topics for Russia in the middle of the 20th century - the Great Patriotic War and the Stalinist camps - and covers the period from 1939 to 1956. In this relatively short period of time, the life of one person contained strikingly dissimilar years; as the author himself writes, on the example of his "atypical" story, "merciful fate has shown its wide possibilities." It was this atypicality of their life paths within the experience of a whole generation that forced the physiologist, Doctor of Biological Sciences, A. V. Trubetskoy, to start writing memoirs in the 1960s.
"The Inscrutable Ways" have a subtitle - "from the history of human life", indicating the chronological limitations of these memories, beyond which the genealogical digression remained.
In the family tree of the Trubetskoys, branches of the most noble Russian families intersect - the Golitsyns, the Obolenskys, the Sheremetevs, the Lopukhins. (This could not help but play its role in the fate of the author.) This family gave an amazing number of historical figures, starting from the first mention in the 14th century of its ancestors, the princes of Gediminovich, and ending with modern times. Among them are statesmen and public figures, and artists, and scientists. According to historian P.I. Bartenev, a connoisseur of archival materials, this list should include
See the Legend of the Trubetskoy family. M., 1891, as well as S.G. Trubeika. Princes Trubetskoy. Quebec, 1976 and Genealogical collection "The offspring of Prince N.P. Trubetskoy". Paris. 1984.
- 6 -Catherine II is also listed, since he considered I.I. Betsky to be her father, not without good reason.
Andrei Vladimirovich is a direct descendant of the philosopher and well-known public figure of the early 20th century, Prince S.N. Trubetskoy. He was born in 1920 in Bogoroditsk in the family of the youngest son S.N. - a former cornet of the Life Guards of Her Majesty's cuirassier regiment and a talented writer Vladimir Sergeevich Trubetskoy. The eldest son of Sergei Nikolaevich - Nikolai, who later became the largest linguist, by this time, like many of Trubetskoy's relatives, was in exile. Mother A.V. was Elizaveta Vladimirovna Golitsyna, the daughter of the former governor, and then the mayor of Moscow, Prince Vladimir Mikhailovich Golitsyn. Like many nobles at that time, the Trubetskoys lived near Moscow, first with relatives of the Bobrinskys in their Bogoroditsky estate, and then in Sergiev Posad. VM Golitsyn and his wife (nee Delyanova) lived with their daughter's family. Both grandfathers of Andrey Trubetskoy were outstanding people, but S.N. died back in 1905, and Andrei found Vladimir Mikhailovich. This grandfather was “all in fine delicacy, and white bone and blue blood are immediately visible” (this is how the journalist S. Yablonovsky described Prince Golitsyn); he was lucky to avoid reprisals; he was engaged in translations from French, worked on Botanical Studies, wrote memoirs and read them at home in the evenings. The family lived hard: Vladimir Sergeevich was repeatedly arrested, and in the intervals between arrests he was deprived of his job. But the children did not see their father broken:
he remained in their memory as a wonderful storyteller, a talented musician, a bright, witty person.
In 1934, Andrey Varvara's father and elder sister were arrested in the "case" of Slavic scholars fabricated by the NKVD. Vladimir Sergeevich was accused of having connections with the head of the organization's "outside center" - his own brother, at that time an academician of the Vienna Academy of Sciences, Nikolai Trubetskoy. Vladimir Sergeevich and his daughter were sent to Central Asia, to the city of Andijan. The family followed them, and for Andrei Trubetskoy, the years of early youth fell on life in the Uzbek outback with its exoticism and all the complexities of the existence of a family of Russian exiles. Andrei was an excellent student at school (the craving for learning was the strongest passion throughout his youth), but he managed to finish the ten years only thanks to the perseverance and charm of his father - the Trubetskoy were “dispossessed”, and children did not have to count on more than 7 classes .
“In 1937, the family suffered a terrible blow: the father and Varya were again arrested, who received a sentence of “10 years in camps without the right to correspond” (that is, they were shot by VL). At the same time, the second sister Tatya (Alexandra) and the older brother Grisha were arrested, who received “just” 10 years in the camps. And we - the rest - left Central Asia at the first opportunity. In 1939 Andrei Trubetskoy was drafted into the Red Army; in July 1941 he was taken prisoner with a severe wound. And this is where the similarity between the story of Andrei Vladimirovich Trubetskoy and the stories of many descendants of the "former" in post-revolutionary Russia ends. His own Odyssey had begun.
- 7 -was released from captivity and got the opportunity, forgetting about the war, to live comfortably in the German rear. And here he faced the problem of choice: to remain a “titled person” in prosperity in the West, or to return through the heat of war to where the very word “prince” became abusive, to a devastated, truly impoverished house to his relatives, about whose fate he did not know did not know. Trubetskoy chose Russia - love for his mother, merged with love for the Motherland, forced him to make this choice. Then A.V. fought in partisan detachments in the Augustow forests - first in the Polish, then in the Soviet, and returned home already with the army in the field. Life offered Trubetskoy more than once to choose. In 1949, as a student of the Faculty of Biology of Moscow State University, refusing to cooperate with the MGB, A-V. was arrested and sent to the copper mines in Dzhezkazgan. In the camp, the "organs" again offered cooperation, and again Trubetskoy chose, following not the simplest logic of life, but an internal moral law. As a result, he spent almost all the years of his stay in the camp in the penal, the so-called regime brigade, essentially in prison. But the “springiness” of Trubetskoy, about which his grandfather Sergei Nikolayevich spoke, did not disappear: the more difficult the circumstances, the more collected and stronger Andrei Trubetskoy became.
Returning from the camp after reviewing the case in 1955, Trubetskoy found the strength to re-enter the university. His educational epic, which began in 1938, was finally able to end. Then Andrey Vladimirovich successfully worked on the problems of cardiology at the All-Russian Scientific Center for almost 30 years and slowly wrote memoirs with long breaks - “I never even wanted to take up a pen, especially when I described 1949-50 and subsequent years. Then even dreams became more frequent, and these dreams were, oh! how heavy. But I had to write. Let the children read, we tell them little about our life, and they live in a completely different way than we do.
In the book of memoirs of A.V. included original documents. Among them are various certificates, including those on rehabilitation, protocols of searches, excerpts from newspaper articles, commander's diaries partisan detachment. The chapter of memoirs of the author's wife, Elena Vladimirovna Goitsyna, included in the main body of the book, should certainly be included among the documentary materials. In 1951, she came to her husband in the camp, which was unheard of at that time. This act was so out of the ordinary that the unsentimental, coarsened people in the camp took off their hats at the sight of her trying to get into the zone. Returning home, Elena Vladimirovna immediately wrote down everything that she saw and experienced then, and this story shocks with acute emotionality. Together with the text of Trubetskoy's memoirs, all this gives an understanding of the peculiarities of the time and how infernal phenomena are closely intertwined in Russia with human destinies.
Such a biography might not exist if Andrei Trubetskoy, following his ancestors and those among whom he grew up, would not consider that a high origin obliges- and no more. The true value is only the aristocracy of the spirit with those "non-life virtues", which, according to the philosopher and theologian C. Lewis, "are only able to save our race."
