The fable “The Pig under the Oak” by Ivan Andreevich Krylov will tell the children about the ungrateful Pig and its attitude towards the useful Oak.

Read the text of the fable:

Pig under the ancient oak
I ate acorns to my fill, to satiety;
Having eaten, she slept under it;
Then, tearing her eyes, she got up
And she began to undermine the roots of Oak with her snout.
"After all, it harms the tree,"
The raven says to her from Dubu:
"If you expose the roots, it can dry out."
"Let it dry," says the Pig:
"It doesn't bother me at all;
I see little use in it;
Even if you don’t be a century, I won’t regret it at all,
If only there were acorns: after all, I get fat from them.
"Ungrateful!" Oak said to her here:
"Whenever you could raise your snout,
You would have seen
That these acorns are growing on me."
The ignoramus is also in blindness
Defends science and learning,
And all scholarly works
Not feeling that he is eating their fruits.

Moral of the fable Pig under the Oak:

The moral of the fable is quite simple - often ignorant people do not appreciate those benefits that show complete disrespect for universal values. They do not honor the work of other people, taking everything in the world for granted, and not caring about anything other than their own needs.

But such people forget that if the source of their wealth is destroyed, then starvation awaits them too. The same applies to those who devalue the fruits of scientific and technological progress and enlightenment. stupid and lazy man who sees nothing but his own nose will never notice the benefits of science and knowledge - he will only enjoy the fruits hard work other people.

Krylov's fable Pig under the oak - original text from the author, morality and analysis of the fable. Read the best Krylov's fables in this section!

Read the Pig's Fable under the Oak

Pig under the ancient oak
I ate acorns to my fill, to satiety;
Having eaten, she slept under it;
Then, tearing her eyes, she got up
And she began to undermine the roots of Oak with her snout.

"After all, it harms the tree, -
Raven says to her from Oak, -
If you expose the roots, it may dry up.
"Let it dry," says the Pig,
Nothing worries me
I see little use in it;
Even if you don’t have it for a century, I won’t regret it at all;
If only there were acorns: after all, I get fat from them.

"Ungrateful!" Oak said to her here, -
Whenever you could raise your snout,
You would have seen
That these acorns are growing on me."
The ignoramus is also in blindness
Defends science and learning
And all scholarly works

Moral of the fable Pig under the oak

The ignoramus is also in blindness
Defends science and learning
And all scholarly works
Not feeling that he is eating their fruits.

Fable Pig under an oak - analysis

Whatever you say, but Krylov knew how, with only his inherent ease, and even in a joking manner, to present to us the vices of people in all their glory on a silver platter. So the fable Pig under the oak is no exception. By the way, it is a moot point who is the main character of the fable. Do you think it's logical to assume that a pig? Rather, it’s an oak tree that succinctly explains the moral of the story to us. But, let's consider everything in order. So, the characters of the fable:

• A pig that can't see beyond its nose, much less change its mind. The pig is an image that ridicules the laziness and ignorance of people. Krylov chose this particular animal for a reason. We all know a certain feature of pigs - they are not able to raise their heads up. It is she who reinforces the image of a person who not only does not want to listen and know anything, but is no longer capable of this.
• A raven is a character trying to reason with a pig in his naivety and not understanding that the pig is hardly listening to him, and if he is listening, he is unlikely to hear.
• Oak reflects the image wise man, rather, even an old man who does not try to guide a pig on the true path, but only speaks the truth in his hearts. Through his mouth, Krylov conveys to us the moral of the fable The Pig under the Oak.

Pig under the ancient oak

I ate acorns to my fill, to satiety;

Having eaten, she slept under it;

Then, tearing her eyes, she got up

And she began to undermine the roots of Oak with her snout.

"After all, it harms the tree,"

The raven says to her from Dubu:

“If you expose the roots, it can dry out.”-

"Let it dry," says the Pig:

“It doesn’t bother me at all;

I see little use in it;

Even if you don’t be a century, I won’t regret it at all,

If only there were acorns: after all, I get fat from them. ”-

"Ungrateful!" Oak said to her here:

“Whenever you could raise your snout,

You would have seen

That these acorns are growing on me.

The ignoramus is also in blindness

Defends science and learning,

And all scholarly works

Not feeling that he is eating their fruits.

Summary

The pig was grazing under a large oak tree. She liked the acorns falling from the tree. One day she began to dig the roots of an oak tree. The raven that was sitting on the tree told her that it would harm the oak. However, the pig replied that she didn't care. Then the oak accused the pig of not being grateful to him. He made an attempt to explain to the pig that the acorns, which she loves so much, grow on the tree. But the pig did not have the opportunity to look up and see that this was really the case. She remained with her own opinion and continued to harm the oak.

Fable analysis

History of creation

The fable "The Pig under the Oak" was written by I. A. Krylov around 1823 and was first published in the newspaper "Northern Bee" in 1825.

The meaning of the name

The title contains the central opposition of the fable. The pig symbolizes greed and ignorance, the oak is a symbol of eternity and wisdom.

The main theme of the work

The main theme of the work is the condemnation of blind ignorance.

The greedy Pig lives only for his own pleasure. Its main goal is to fill the stomach more. Having eaten the acorns that fell from the Oak and overslept, the Pig wants to prolong the pleasure and begins to undermine the roots of the Oak. In her stupid head, the images of food and the mighty tree are in no way connected.

A dirty, ignorant animal can cause the death of a giant. Oak offers the Pig to lift its snout and see for itself where it gets food from.

Issues

In the era of Krylov (as, indeed, at all times) there were many ignorant people who had a sharply negative attitude towards knowledge and science. They strongly condemned scientific progress, declaring it the source of all sorts of troubles.

According to the author, such ignoramuses resemble the ungrateful Pig from the fable. The negative attitude to knowledge is based on simple laziness, the desire to live only for oneself, without caring about others. Blaming science, ignorant people at the same time do not hesitate to use all the benefits of scientific and technological progress.

The composition of the work is traditional for the fable genre: an allegorical main part and a final author's conclusion.

Morality

on simple and good example Krylov shows that everyone, without exception, uses the “fruits” of scientific knowledge to one degree or another. Only the most stupid and limited people do not understand this obvious fact. Unfortunately, there are many examples of how ignoramuses with power became an obstacle to the development of science. Only under the condition of the complete eradication of ignorance will humanity be able to successfully continue its development.

Subject. An expressive reading of the fable by I.A. Krylov "Pig under the Oak".

Target: improve the expressive reading skills of 6th graders, deepen knowledge of the theory of expressive reading; develop aesthetic taste.
Equipment: text of the fable by I.A. Krylov "Pig under the Oak"; illustrations for the fable; "Pig under the Oak": a video clip for a literature lesson.
Lesson type: speech development lesson; type of lesson - a lesson in expressive reading.

DURING THE CLASSES

I. Organization of the beginning of the lesson.

II. Checking homework.

III. Learning new material.

1. methodological comment. Fable I.A. Krylova "Pig under the Oak" is a work that, perhaps to a greater extent than others, will allow students to comprehensively reveal the facets of their performing skills. And since the speech score of this fable includes more complex elements, the deepening of the knowledge of 6-graders on the theory of expressive reading becomes a prerequisite in the lesson of expressive reading.
   In the 5th grade, students received general idea about the concepts of “pause” and “stress” and developed primary skills in composing speech scores (See: “Integrated course. Literature (Russian and world): A book for a teacher. Grade 5 / Compiled by S.E. Evtushenko, T.I. Korvel, A.S. Onikienko, N.N. Pokatova, L.M. Sipko. - K.: Gramota, 2013 (p. 94-95).
   In 6th grade, students should learn that pauses are logical and psychological. logical a pause, indicated in the speech score by a vertical line, can be short (|) and long (||). Its duration depends on the logic of the division of the text. For example, at the place of a comma, the pause is usually short, but the dash and dot require a longer stop for the reader during the performance of the work aloud.
   But there is also a more complex kind of pause - psychological. (In a speech score, a psychological pause is usually denoted by \/). It occurs much less frequently, in exceptional cases: for example, when you need to focus on the next word, imitate recall or search for the right word, emphasize emotional stress, fear, surprise, reticence, conscious silence, a sudden stop in speech, etc. Such a pause can be anywhere: between phrases, and in the middle of a bar, and at the place of dividing marks, and where there are none.
   The main thing that 6th graders should remember (and write in their notebooks) are the two main functions of a psychological pause:
   • to focus the attention of the listeners on the words just spoken, to give them the opportunity to feel what they heard
     or
   • psychologically prepare listeners for the perception of what will sound now, as if warning them of the importance of the following information.
   During a logical pause, the reader simply makes a small stop in speech, thus dividing the sentence into separate measures. This pause is called passive. But a psychological pause is not just a stop, it is “silence with meaning”. Such a pause is called active, emotional, and therefore the reader must be able to "play" it. The great master of stage training K.S. Stanislavsky said that during a psychological pause, the actor must feel especially deeply what he is talking about, he must penetrate the thoughts and feelings of the author, comprehending the ideological and emotional meaning of both the specific spoken phrase and the entire text. Therefore, he needs not just to remain silent, but to actively “live through” this stop in speech. After all, the psychological pause is closely connected with the subtext of the work - that is, its inner, not always lying on the surface essence.
   Logical pauses are familiar to every speaker and, if the reader correctly understands the content of the sentences he utters, they are quite easily reproduced. Psychological pauses require special preparation. That is why, before reading any text to the audience, the performer must, first of all, carefully work on its general, deep meaning. You can say this: the reader must first understand WHAT he wants to convey to the audience with his reading, and only then look for ways to do it HOW he will do it.
2. Introductory speech of the teacher: How to Read a Fable Properly.
   If we talk about expressive reading of fables, then it would be more accurate to say not “expressive reading”, but “expressive storytelling”. As contemporaries of the great Russian fabulist I.A. Krylov, he read his fables in such a tone, in such an ingenuous and natural manner, that his reading could be mistaken for the continuation of an everyday conversation.
   That is, the reading of a fable is based on the principle of a lively and natural narration, which includes the same lively and natural reproduction of the characters' lines. At the same time, it should be remembered that live speech is replete with shades, and therefore the reader must convey not only the main content of the fable, but also all the variety of its logical and emotional content.
   The author's text, which precedes the development of events, is read in a narrative-informative manner, preparing listeners for the perception of the main events. But not always all the words of the author must be pronounced in a “neutral” tone. For example, the author's comments on the negative actions of the characters should be read with irony, as if "appropriating" the author's text, presenting it as "one's own" story about real events and their participants.
   Special skill requires reading replicas. After all, each actor fables embodies a certain type of people. Here you will already need a developed imagination of the reader about individual features the nature of the character, the manner of his behavior, as well as the ability to change the pitch of the voice, its strength, tempo. But the reader should not get too carried away by "reincarnation" in the heroes of the fable - animals, because the main direction of the work is the disclosure of the vices of people, which the author carries out through allegory and elements of comedy.
   The moral of the fable is pronounced more slowly, instructively, in the form of reasoning. This is either a reminder of a known truth, or the advice of a wise person, or an ironic criticism of some act. Before morality and after it, it is imperative to make tangible pauses (more often psychological ones) in order to draw the attention of listeners to the conclusion that the author embodied in morality.
   Fables, in which the direct speech of the characters occupies an important place, make it possible to attract an element of staging to reading. At the end of the lesson, we will try to read the fable "The Pig under the Oak" in roles. But we must not forget that the perfect execution of the entire work by one reader is, as a rule, a more difficult task. Therefore, in the lessons of expressive reading, we will give preference to monologue reading, because it is it that requires students to work more conscientiously on the qualities of the voice, and on intonation, and on the emotionality of reading.
3. Listening to the reading of the fable "The Pig under the Oak" by a professional reader.

4. Ideological and thematic analysis of the fable. deciphering the allegory.
   In the fable “The Pig under the Oak”, Krylov, through the use of allegory, flaunts and ridicules human stupidity and ignorance, which are worthy of universal condemnation. He denounces the ignorant, who are not capable of analyzing the causal relationship in life events and phenomena, and most importantly, he ridicules their complete unwillingness to look for this relationship at all. To implement his plan, the fabulist very successfully chose the image of the Pig. First of all, starting from the folklore interpretation of the image of the Pig (proverbs, sayings, fairy tales), we can say that we often associate the pig with laziness, gluttony, ignorance. Krylov clearly emphasized the fact that the pig loves acorns very much, and that it can even dig the ground with its snout for no apparent reason - just for fun. And based on physiological features of this animal, we know that the pig is really not able to raise its head high up due to the special structure of the body. The raven in the fable represents ordinary person, who, rather, is not indignant at the behavior of the Pig, but is naively surprised at her. And the old Oak, which from the point of view of the Pig is simply a plant not worth her attention, is the embodiment of age-old wisdom, worldly truth.
5. Work on the speech score of the fable. Commenting by the teacher of logical, psychological pauses, phrasal and logical stresses (that is, words underlined with one and two lines).

   Pig under the Oak

   Pig | under the ancient Oak |
   I ate my fill of acorns, | to waste; |
   Having eaten, she slept under it; |
   Then, tearing her eyes, she got up \/
   And snout | began to undermine the roots of Oak. ||
   “After all, it harms the tree, - |
   Raven says to her from Oak, - |
   If you expose the roots, | it can dry up. \/
   ”Let it dry, - | says Pig, - |
   It doesn't bother me at all; |
   I see little use in it; |
   Though his age do not be, | | I won't regret at all |
   Only there would be acorns: | I'm getting fat from them." ||
   “Ungrateful! – | Oak said to her here, - |
   Whenever up | you could raise your snout, |
   You should have seen |
   What are these acorns | grow on me." \/

   Ignorant | also blinded |
   Branit science | and learning, |
   And all scientific works, | |
   Not feeling | that he eats their fruit. ||

6. Detailed advice on the expressive reading of the fable.
   So, we read the fable in this way. We pronounce the exposition (the first 4 lines) slowly, with a narrative intonation, but we must take into account that such a seemingly laid-back nature of speech should not be devoid of the necessary emotionality. The task of the reader is determined by two directions: verbally describe the Pig and at the same time emphasize the author's attitude towards her in a tone of voice. And it is clearly formed already from the first lines of the work: this is a disregard for those whose meaning of life is reduced to two pleasures of life - to eat and sleep. Important role in the formation of the necessary emotions, the expressive vocabulary successfully selected by the author plays: I ate “to satiety”, but did not open my eyes, but “pulled it”.
   At the end of the fourth line, a psychological pause would be appropriate - it prepares us for the plot, concentrated in the fifth line. We try not to remain silent, but to play a psychological pause: even before pronouncing the fifth line, the reader's facial expression should tell the audience that he will now report some disgusting action of the character of the work.
   In voicing the plot, the peak of emotionality falls on the word “snout”: we pronounce it with clearly emphasized disgust. Before direct speech, we make a stop a little longer than usual. The words of the Raven should be said not so much with instruction, but with surprise from the senseless act of the Pig. The author's text (“The Raven speaks to her from Dubu”) should sound somewhat quieter and with a lower timbre coloring of the voice.
   Before the Pig's response to Raven's remarks, we again maintain a psychological pause: after all, the climax is brewing in the work, and we must attract listeners to it. When reading this part of the fable, the performer will need extraordinary skill, since it is here that the main theme of the work is revealed: the image of stupidity, utter stupidity and ignorance, which are also combined with impudent self-confidence. The words “Let it dry” must be pronounced with exorbitant, hypertrophied narcissism, as the people say - pouting lips. We pronounce the author's note more quietly (“the Pig says”), and the next four lines - as an ambitious lesson in “pig worldly wisdom”: to live only for your own pleasure. We put a logical emphasis on the word “acorn”, and we stretch the word “fat” a little (“zhi-re-e-yu”) and voice it with maximum pleasure and frank boastfulness.
   Oak's words contain the denouement of the work. They should be read judiciously, with a touch of teaching, but be sure to leave a subtle note of disgust, which will be accentuated by the word "snout". When pronouncing Oak's replica, the reader must add expressive facial expressions and gestures to the sound embodiment of the thought of the work.
   Before voicing the moral of the fable, we make a psychological pause. With facial expressions, we prepare listeners to pronounce the highest worldly wisdom. Morality itself is traditionally pronounced in a serious tone - as a result, a general conclusion from the situation described, which transfers the comprehension of the plot from the allegorical to the universal or even philosophical plane.

   Note. Students should be aware that the performance of a work of art allows for an element of individual interpretation. Therefore, there may be certain discrepancies in the speech score of different readers. However, novice readers should follow the advice of the teacher as much as possible.
   The speech score of the fable “The Pig under the Oak” proposed here is the basis for working with the text of the fable. Marking options for individual measures can be as follows: “let it dry”, “it doesn’t bother me at all”, “because I’m getting fat from them”, “what does he eat | their fruit."

7. Reading the fable to the students.(First - individual, then - in persons).
   Before the expressive reading lesson, students must perform a small warm-up of the speech apparatus. A sample list of warm-up exercises was given in the manual mentioned above (pp. 101-102).

A fable is a work designed to convey a certain meaning in its content. This type of creativity is known to the inhabitants of Russia from the imperishable poems of Ivan Andreevich Krylov, because it was he who introduced our country to common truths human life over 150 years ago, and they continue to use

demand to this day. What is the secret of the popularity of rhyming stories about animals that came from Krylov's pen? Let's try to find the answer to this question with the help of one of his most popular works - "The Pig under the Oak". The fable best conveys moral meaning through the associative comparison of an animal with a person. certain level development.

Krylov's fable "The Pig under the Oak" is notable for its penetrating morality, which most accurately conveys the milestones of the time in which its author lived. However, before starting to analyze its meaning, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the textual content of the work.

"The Pig under the Oak" is a fable in which three heroes are involved. Central among them is, you guessed it, the pig. Secondary characters are an oak tree and a raven sitting on its branch. The story begins with a story about how

a pig lies under an oak tree and eats acorns that have fallen from it. When they stop falling, she begins to dig up the roots to get to those fruits that hang high. Raven tries to stop the stupid pig, but she absolutely does not listen to him and tries to prove her case until the old oak, who is not at all a minor character, enters into dialogue, as he begins to tell the culprit of the commotion about her ignorance. But she still does not heed the words of the more educated participants in the plot.

Moral of the fable "Pig under the oak"

This piece has a complex meaning. It carries a certain background, being a verbal slap in the face at the time in which Ivan Krylov lived. What is the main moral of the poem "The Pig under the Oak"? The fable shows us the inevitable death of everything created by science in the hands of ignorant people. The oak is associated here with centuries of wisdom, and the pig is associated with those who do not want to comprehend it through training.

The work clearly shows the line between a raven sitting on a branch and a pig digging in the ground. Such a picture depicts how low an ignoramus is compared to an educated person. "Pig under the oak" - a fable that makes it clear the value spiritual development compared to indulging your instincts.

Life truths accessible to everyone

Fables I.A. Krylov's books are valued for their clear presentation, which is why they were included in the compulsory literature study program many years ago and do not lose their positions in popularity today. Using the example of animals, students lower grades are able to better learn simple life truths, because many of you probably remember the lines of the famous fables of Ivan Andreevich, which have long since become popular expressions.

The writer constantly rotated among the common people, for which he received real respect from the common people. That is why in each of his poems a shade of vernacular slips through. Is it because he wrote them specifically for the peasants, who, due to lack of education, would not be able to assimilate complex speech turns and secular expressions? Most likely, the way it is.