Heavenly body. Cosmic bodies of the solar system Give examples of celestial bodies at least three

Dangaus kūnas statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. celestial body vok. Himmelskörper, m rus. celestial body, n pranc. corps céleste, m … Fizikos terminų žodynas

heavenly body- ▲ material body (to be) in, space celestial body body in space. comet. | globules. Perseids. | accretion. ♠ Universe ▼ star … Ideographic Dictionary of the Russian Language

A celestial body that glows with its own light and appears to earthly observers as a bright point. Z. are scattered throughout the universe at great distances, so that we do not notice their own movement. On a clear moonless night, the entire visible sky ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary F. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron

Epimetheus, south pole (Cassini image, December 3, 2007) Epimetheus (Greek: Επιμηθεύς) is an inner satellite of Saturn's satellite system, also known as Saturn XI. Named after the character of Greek mythology, Epimetheus. In December 1966 ... ... Wikipedia

Body: In mathematics: A body (algebra) is a set with two operations (addition and multiplication) that has certain properties. A body (geometry) is a part of space bounded by a closed surface. Body complex Body (physics) ... ... Wikipedia

Ex., s., use. max. often Morphology: (no) what? body, why? body, (see) what? body what? body, what? about the body; pl. What? body, (no) what? body, why? bodies, (see) what? body than? bodies, about what? about bodies 1. A body is called matter, substance, ... ... Dictionary Dmitrieva

body- BODY1, a, mn bodies, bodies, bodies, cf The human or animal body in its external physical forms and manifestations. And he cracked his chair, with feigned languor straightened his two-meter body (Y. Bond.). Boye [dog] seemed to have broken in the back, ... ... Explanatory dictionary of Russian nouns

Celestial space and celestial bodies- Nouns LUNA /, me / syats, half-moon / syats. The celestial body, which is the natural closest satellite of the Earth, glows at night with the reflected light of the Sun, yellow, less often reddish or white. NOT / BO, heaven /, book. sky / d, ... ... Dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language

Not to be confused with Meteorite. A meteoroid is a celestial body intermediate in size between interplanetary dust and an asteroid. According to the official definition of the IAU, a meteoroid is a solid object moving in interplanetary space, the size of ... ... Wikipedia

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Day seven, V. Zemlyanin. It seems that the Moon has always been a satellite of the Earth. However, this is not the case. It turns out that this celestial body is spaceship on which she was saved from the universal cataclysm ...
Day Seven, Earthman V. It seems that the Moon has always been a satellite of the Earth. However, this is not the case. It turns out that this celestial body is a spaceship on which she escaped from the universal cataclysm ...

The article deals with what celestial bodies are, what they are. The bodies of our planetary system are listed and it is told why they move.

Ancient times

From the very beginning of the human era, the moon and stars have attracted attention. And the first was even worshiped by the priests of various cults, however, like the Sun. And in the Middle Ages, the first astronomers already understood that the Earth was not at all flat, that it did not rest on three whales or turtles, and that there were other planets around us, the so-called celestial bodies. So what is it?

To begin with, let's define the officially accepted terminology, according to which such objects are parts of planetary systems that have a star (or several) in their center, around which they rotate. Ours is called Solar, after the name of the central star. Using her example, we will analyze what celestial bodies are.

Nowadays

Under such a concept, only planets and stars are erroneously meant, but this is not so. Heavenly bodies are all natural space objects that revolve around the sun or another star. Whether it be planets, gas giants or their satellites. Again, natural, not man-made.

There are 8 planets in our system, but in the middle of the 19th century there was a boom in astronomical discoveries, when large objects of the meteorite belt or dwarf formations, for example, such as Ceres or Sedna, were mistakenly classified as such. All of them are too small to be called full-fledged planets. So what are the celestial bodies in our system?

Mercury

The closest planet to the central luminary. This is a "small" stone ball, always facing the Sun on one side, which is why the atmosphere is present on it only in trace amounts. And the temperature differences between the day and night sides are hundreds of degrees Celsius.

Venus

This planet, along with Mars, is considered the earth's "neighbor". Indeed, their sizes are very similar, but you can’t live there, and in the near future the researchers do not even plan to land on it. It's all about the atmosphere, it consists mainly of oxygen and provides a strong greenhouse effect. Liquid lakes of tin boil on the surface, and sulfuric acid rains from the sky. Yes, celestial bodies solar system can be so inhospitable.

Mars

Another "neighbor" of the Earth. A planet with fairly calm weather conditions and almost half the size of ours. The atmosphere is highly rarefied, since Mars does not have a magnetic field that would protect the gaseous shell from being “blown away” by solar streams.

Jupiter

This is a gas giant, which is only slightly unlucky to become another star. It consists mainly of hydrogen and helium, closer to the surface the former acquires a metallic form. The record holder for the number of satellites is 67 pieces.

Saturn

This celestial body is well known for its rings. It is also a gas giant with a huge number of satellites - 62 pieces.

Uranus, Neptune

These two planets are not in vain often combined into one group. The thing is that they are mainly composed of ice, which is why they are called "ice giants".

But what celestial body can still be found in our system?

Dwarfs

Dwarf planets include Pluto, Ceres, Haumea, Makemake. The first one is quite long time was listed as part of the ordinary and was the ninth planet in the solar system. The asteroid belts also need to be mentioned: despite the fact that they are essentially huge, irregularly shaped boulders, they are also celestial bodies.

Movement of celestial bodies

But why are they all moving? After all, in space, as you know, there is no gravity, why don't the planets just calmly stand still? Yes, there is no gravity there, but there is gravity, which does not give them rest.

The thing is that, according to the laws of physics, any two objects experience a mutual force of attraction, and the larger they are, the stronger it is. Our sun has such a large mass that its gravity is enough to reach the farthest corners of the system.

But if it attracts planets, why don't they just fall on it?

The explanation is simple: objects do not fall due to the speed of rotation and the resulting centrifugal force, which balances the action of gravity. For the same reason, the Moon revolves around our planet and is not going to fall.

What systems of celestial bodies are known yet?

Unfortunately, people have made less progress in space exploration and exploration than we would like. Even our system is rather poorly studied, and recently there have been strong suspicions that there is a ninth full-fledged planet, which is located outside the orbit of Pluto and is several tens of times more massive than the Earth.

As for other systems, here the results are even sadder. Even the most powerful telescopes can only see stars, their clusters and nebulae, but not alien planets. True, a method is being used more and more actively, in which it is possible to establish by periodic changes in the brightness of the luminary which objects rotate around it. This is how Kepler-440 b was discovered. And by all assumptions, it can have liquid water and even life, because it is in the "habitable zone", not too far from its sun and not too close.

Summing up, we can also mention the fact that such bodies participate in the so-called celestial mechanics, gravitational interaction, due to which they all rotate. It is not in vain that this phenomenon is sometimes compared with a clockwork, it is so accurate and reliable. For example, if you remove a few planets from our system, then the rest will simply change their orbits.

Definition and classification of celestial bodies, basic physical and chemical characteristics astronomical objects of the solar system.

The content of the article:

celestial bodies are objects located in the Observable Universe. Such objects can be natural physical bodies or their associations. All of them are characterized by isolation, and also represent a single structure bound by gravity or electromagnetism. Astronomy is the study of this category. This article brings to attention the classification of the celestial bodies of the solar system, as well as a description of their main characteristics.

Classification of celestial bodies in the solar system

Each celestial body has special characteristics, such as the method of generation, chemical composition, size, etc. This makes it possible to classify objects by grouping them. Let's describe what are the celestial bodies in the solar system: stars, planets, satellites, asteroids, comets, etc.

Classification of the celestial bodies of the solar system by composition:

silicate celestial bodies. This group of celestial bodies is called silicate, because. the main component of all its representatives are stone-metal rocks (about 99% of the total body weight). The silicate component is represented by such refractory substances as silicon, calcium, iron, aluminum, magnesium, sulfur, etc. There are also ice and gas components (water, ice, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, oxygen, helium hydrogen), but their content is negligible. This category includes 4 planets (Venus, Mercury, Earth and Mars), satellites (Moon, Io, Europa, Triton, Phobos, Deimos, Amalthea, etc.), more than a million asteroids circulating between the orbits of two planets - Jupiter and Mars (Pallas , Hygiea, Vesta, Ceres, etc.). The density index is from 3 grams per cubic centimeter or more.
Ice celestial bodies. This group is the most numerous in the solar system. The main component is the ice component (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, water ice, oxygen, ammonia, methane, etc.). The silicate component is present in a smaller amount, and the volume of the gas component is extremely small. This group includes one planet Pluto, large satellites (Ganymede, Titan, Callisto, Charon, etc.), as well as all comets.
Combined celestial bodies. The composition of the representatives of this group is characterized by the presence in large quantities all three components, i.e. silicate, gas and ice. Celestial bodies with a combined composition include the Sun and the giant planets (Neptune, Saturn, Jupiter and Uranus). These objects are characterized by fast rotation.

Characteristics of the star Sun

The sun is a star, i.e. is an accumulation of gas with incredible volumes. It has its own gravity (an interaction characterized by attraction), with the help of which all its components are held. Inside any star, and hence inside the Sun, thermonuclear fusion reactions take place, the product of which is colossal energy.

The sun has a core, around which a radiation zone is formed, where energy transfer occurs. This is followed by a convection zone, in which magnetic fields and motion of solar matter. Visible part The Sun can be called the surface of this star only conditionally. A more correct formulation is the photosphere or sphere of light.

The attraction inside the Sun is so strong that it takes hundreds of thousands of years for a photon from its core to reach the surface of a star. At the same time, its path from the surface of the Sun to the Earth is only 8 minutes. The density and size of the Sun make it possible to attract other objects in the solar system. The free fall acceleration (gravity) in the surface zone is almost 28 m/s 2 .

The characteristic of the celestial body of the star Sun is as follows:

Chemical composition. The main components of the Sun are helium and hydrogen. Naturally, the star also includes other elements, but their proportion is very meager.
Temperature. The temperature value varies significantly in different zones, for example, in the core it reaches 15,000,000 degrees Celsius, and in the visible part - 5,500 degrees Celsius.
Density. It is 1.409 g / cm 3. The highest density is noted in the core, the lowest - on the surface.
Weight. If we describe the mass of the Sun without mathematical abbreviations, then the number will look like 1.988.920.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000 kg.
Volume. The full value is 1.412.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000 cubic kilograms.
Diameter. This figure is 1391000 km.
Radius. The radius of the Sun star is 695500 km.
Orbit of a celestial body. The sun has its own orbit around the center milky way. A complete revolution takes 226 million years. Scientists' calculations showed that the speed of movement is incredibly high - almost 782,000 kilometers per hour.

Characteristics of the planets of the solar system

Planets are celestial bodies that orbit around a star or its remnants. A large weight allows the planets under the influence of their own gravity to become rounded. However, the size and weight are not enough to start thermonuclear reactions. Let us analyze in more detail the characteristics of the planets using the examples of some representatives of this category that are part of the solar system.

Mars is the second most explored planet. It is the 4th in distance from the Sun. Its dimensions allow it to take 7th place in the ranking of the most voluminous celestial bodies in the solar system. Mars has an inner core surrounded by an outer liquid core. Next is the silicate mantle of the planet. And after the intermediate layer comes the crust, which has a different thickness in different parts of the celestial body.

Consider in more detail the characteristics of Mars:

The chemical composition of the celestial body. The main elements that make up Mars are iron, sulfur, silicates, basalt, iron oxide.
Temperature. The average is -50°C.
Density - 3.94 g / cm 3.
Weight - 641.850.000.000.000.000.000.000 kg.
Volume - 163.180.000.000 km 3.
Diameter - 6780 km.
Radius - 3390 km.
Acceleration of gravity - 3.711 m / s 2.
Orbit. Runs around the sun. It has a rounded trajectory, which is far from ideal, because V different time the distance of a celestial body from the center of the solar system is different indicators- 206 and 249 million km.

Pluto belongs to the category of dwarf planets. Has a stony core. Some researchers admit that it is formed not only from rocks, but may also include ice. It is covered with a frosted mantle. On the surface is frozen water and methane. The atmosphere presumably includes methane and nitrogen.

Pluto has the following characteristics:

Compound. The main components are stone and ice.
Temperature. The average temperature on Pluto is -229 degrees Celsius.
Density - about 2 g per 1 cm 3.
The mass of the celestial body is 13.105.000.000.000.000.000.000 kg.
Volume - 7.150.000.000 km 3.
Diameter - 2374 km.
Radius - 1187 km.
Acceleration of gravity - 0.62 m / s 2.
Orbit. The planet revolves around the Sun, however, the orbit is characterized by eccentricity, i.e. in one period it recedes to 7.4 billion km, in another it approaches 4.4 billion km. The orbital velocity of the celestial body reaches 4.6691 km/s.

Uranus is a planet that was discovered with a telescope in 1781. It has a system of rings and a magnetosphere. Inside Uranus is a core made up of metals and silicon. It is surrounded by water, methane and ammonia. Next comes a layer of liquid hydrogen. There is a gaseous atmosphere on the surface.

The main characteristics of Uranus:

Chemical composition. This planet is made up of a combination chemical elements. In large quantities, it includes silicon, metals, water, methane, ammonia, hydrogen, etc.
Celestial body temperature. The average temperature is -224°C.
Density - 1.3 g / cm 3.
Weight - 86.832.000.000.000.000.000.000 kg.
Volume - 68.340.000.000 km 3.
Diameter - 50724 km.
Radius - 25362 km.
Acceleration of gravity - 8.69 m / s 2.
Orbit. The center around which Uranus revolves is also the Sun. The orbit is slightly elongated. The orbital speed is 6.81 km/s.

Characteristics of satellites of celestial bodies

A satellite is an object located in the Visible Universe, which does not revolve around a star, but around another celestial body under the influence of its gravity and along a certain trajectory. Let us describe some satellites and characteristics of these space celestial bodies.

Deimos, a satellite of Mars, which is considered one of the smallest, is described as follows:

Shape - similar to a triaxial ellipsoid.
Dimensions - 15x12.2x10.4 km.
Weight - 1.480.000.000.000.000 kg.
Density - 1.47 g / cm 3.
Compound. The composition of the satellite mainly includes stony rocks, regolith. The atmosphere is missing.
Acceleration of gravity - 0.004 m / s 2.
Temperature - -40°С.

Callisto is one of the many moons of Jupiter. It is the second largest in the category of satellites and ranks first among celestial bodies in terms of the number of craters on the surface.

Characteristics of Callisto:

The shape is round.
Diameter - 4820 km.
Weight - 107.600.000.000.000.000.000.000 kg.
Density - 1.834 g / cm 3.
Composition - carbon dioxide, molecular oxygen.
Acceleration of gravity - 1.24 m / s 2.
Temperature - -139.2 ° С.

Oberon or Uranus IV is a natural satellite of Uranus. It is the 9th largest in the solar system. It has no magnetic field and no atmosphere. Numerous craters have been found on the surface, so some scientists consider it to be a rather old satellite.

Consider the characteristics of Oberon:

The shape is round.
Diameter - 1523 km.
Weight - 3.014.000.000.000.000.000.000 kg.
Density - 1.63 g / cm 3.
Composition - stone, ice, organic.
Acceleration of gravity - 0.35 m / s 2.
Temperature - -198°С.

Characteristics of asteroids in the solar system

Asteroids are large boulders. They are mainly located in the asteroid belt between the orbits of Jupiter and Mars. They can leave their orbits towards the Earth and the Sun.

A prominent representative of this class is Hygiea - one of the largest asteroids. This celestial body is located in the main asteroid belt. You can see it even with binoculars, but not always. It is well distinguishable during the period of perihelion, i.e. at the moment when the asteroid is at the point of its orbit closest to the Sun. It has a dull dark surface.

The main characteristics of Hygiea:

Diameter - 407 km.
Density - 2.56 g/cm 3 .
Weight - 90.300.000.000.000.000.000 kg.
Acceleration of gravity - 0.15 m / s 2.
orbital speed. The average value is 16.75 km/s.

Asteroid Matilda is located in the main belt. It has a fairly low speed of rotation around its axis: 1 revolution occurs in 17.5 Earth days. It contains many carbon compounds. The study of this asteroid was carried out using a spacecraft. The largest crater on Matilda has a length of 20 km.

The main characteristics of Matilda are as follows:

Diameter - almost 53 km.
Density - 1.3 g / cm 3.
Weight - 103.300.000.000.000.000 kg.
Acceleration of gravity - 0.01 m / s 2.
Orbit. Matilda completes an orbit in 1572 Earth days.

Vesta is a representative of the largest asteroids of the main asteroid belt. It can be observed without using a telescope, i.e. with the naked eye, because the surface of this asteroid is quite bright. If the shape of Vesta were more rounded and symmetrical, then it could be attributed to the dwarf planets.

This asteroid has an iron-nickel core covered with a rocky mantle. The largest crater on Vesta is 460 km long and 13 km deep.

We list the main physical characteristics of Vesta:

Diameter - 525 km.
Weight. The value is within 260.000.000.000.000.000.000 kg.
Density - about 3.46 g/cm 3 .
Free fall acceleration - 0.22 m / s 2.
orbital speed. The average orbital velocity is 19.35 km/s. One revolution around the Vesta axis takes 5.3 hours.

Characteristics of solar system comets

A comet is a small celestial body. Comets orbit around the Sun and are elongated. These objects, approaching the Sun, form a trail consisting of gas and dust. Sometimes he remains in the form of a coma, ie. a cloud that stretches for a huge distance - from 100,000 to 1.4 million km from the comet's nucleus. In other cases, the trail remains in the form of a tail, the length of which can reach 20 million km.

Halley is the celestial body of a group of comets, known to mankind since ancient times, because. it can be seen with the naked eye.

Features of Halley:

Weight. Approximately equal to 220.000.000.000.000 kg.
Density - 600 kg / m 3.
The period of revolution around the Sun is less than 200 years. The approach to the star occurs approximately in 75-76 years.
Composition - frozen water, metal and silicates.

The Hale-Bopp comet was observed by mankind for almost 18 months, which indicates its long period. It is also called the "Big Comet of 1997". A distinctive feature of this comet is the presence of 3 types of tails. Along with the gas and dust tails, the sodium tail stretches behind it, the length of which reaches 50 million km.

Composition of the comet: deuterium (heavy water), organic compounds(formic, acetic acid, etc.), argon, crypto, etc. The period of revolution around the Sun is 2534 years. Reliable data about physical characteristics this comet does not exist.

Comet Tempel is famous for being the first comet to have a probe delivered from Earth.

Characteristics of Comet Tempel:

Weight - within 79.000.000.000.000 kg.
Dimensions. Length - 7.6 km, width - 4.9 km.
Compound. Water, carbon dioxide, organic compounds, etc.
Orbit. Changes during the passage of a comet near Jupiter, gradually decreasing. Recent data: one revolution around the Sun is 5.52 years.

Over the years of studying the solar system, scientists have collected a lot interesting facts about celestial bodies. Consider those that depend on chemical and physical characteristics:

The largest celestial body in terms of mass and diameter is the Sun, Jupiter is in second place, and Saturn is in third.
The greatest gravity is inherent in the Sun, the second place is occupied by Jupiter, and the third - by Neptune.
Jupiter's gravity contributes to the active attraction of space debris. Its level is so high that the planet is able to pull debris from the Earth's orbit.
The hottest celestial body in the solar system is the Sun - this is no secret to anyone. But the next indicator of 480 degrees Celsius was recorded on Venus - the second planet farthest from the center. It would be logical to assume that Mercury should have the second place, the orbit of which is closer to the Sun, but in fact the temperature indicator there is lower - 430 ° C. This is due to the presence of Venus and the lack of an atmosphere in Mercury, which is able to retain heat.
most cold planet considered to be Uranus.
To the question of which celestial body has the highest density in the solar system, the answer is simple - the density of the Earth. Mercury is in second place and Venus is in third.
The trajectory of Mercury's orbit provides the length of a day on the planet equal to 58 earth day. The duration of one day on Venus is 243 Earth days, while the year lasts only 225.

Watch a video about the celestial bodies of the solar system:

The study of the characteristics of celestial bodies allows mankind to make interesting discoveries, substantiate certain patterns, and also expand general knowledge about the Universe.

World of celestial bodies

People have long treated the sun with love and special respect. After all, already in antiquity, they realized that without the sun, neither a person, nor an animal, nor a plant can live.
The sun is the closest star to the earth. Like other stars, this is a huge hot celestial body that constantly radiates light and heat. The sun is a source of light and heat for all life on Earth.

Using the information, write the numbers into the text.
The diameter of the Sun is 109 times the diameter of the Earth. The mass of the Sun is 330,000 times the mass of our planet. The distance from the Earth to the Sun is 150 million kilometers. The temperature on the surface of the Sun reaches 6 thousand degrees, and in the center of the Sun - 15 - 20 million degrees.

With the naked eye, a person can see about 6,000 stars in the night sky. Scientists know many billions of stars.
Stars vary in size, color, brightness.
By color, white, blue, yellow and red stars are distinguished.

The sun belongs to the yellow stars.

Blue stars are the hottest, followed by white, then yellow, and the coldest are red stars.
Most bright stars emit 100,000 times more light than the Sun. But there are also those that shine a million times weaker than the Sun.

The difference between stars by color

The sun and the celestial bodies moving around it make up the solar system. Build a model of the solar system. To do this, mold planet models from plasticine and arrange them in the correct sequence on a sheet of cardboard. Sign the names of the planets on the plates and stick them on your model.

Solve the crossword.

open blank crossword>>

1. The largest planet in the solar system. Answer: Jupiter
2. A planet with rings that are clearly visible in a telescope. Answer: Saturn
3. The closest planet to the Sun. Answer: Mercury
4. The planet farthest from the Sun. Answer: Neptune
5. The planet we live on. Answer: Earth
6. Planet - a neighbor of the Earth, located closer to the Sun than the Earth. Answer: Venus
7. Planet - a neighbor of the Earth, located farther from the Sun than the Earth.
Answer: Mars
8. Planet located between Saturn and Neptune. Answer: Uranus

Using various sources of information, prepare a report about a star, constellation, or planet that you would like to learn more about. Write down the basic information for your message.

Mars- one of the five planets of the solar system that can be seen from Earth with the naked eye. From Earth, it looks like a small red dot, which is why Mars is sometimes referred to as the Red Planet. The planet bears the name of the ancient Roman god of war, it has two satellites Phobos and Deimos. These are the names of the two sons of the god of war, they are translated as "Fear" and "Horror". Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun. In many ways, it is very similar to Earth. It has an atmosphere, on Mars there is a change of seasons. At both poles of the planet, as on Earth, there are ice caps. Mars is almost half the size of our planet.

The universe consists of a huge number of cosmic bodies. Every night we can contemplate the stars in the sky, which seem very small, although they are not. In fact, some of them are many times larger than the Sun. It is assumed that a planetary system is formed around each lone star. So, for example, the solar system was formed near the Sun, consisting of eight large, as well as small and comets, black holes, cosmic dust, etc.

The Earth is a cosmic body because it is a planet, a spherical object that reflects sunlight. Seven other planets are also visible to us only due to the fact that they reflect the light of the star. In addition to Mercury, Venus, Mars, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto, which was also considered a planet until 2006, a huge number of asteroids, which are also called minor planets, are also concentrated in the solar system. Their number reaches 400 thousand, but many scientists agree that there are more than a billion of them.

Comets are also cosmic bodies moving along elongated trajectories and approaching the Sun at a certain time. They consist of gas, plasma and dust; overgrown with ice, reach a size of tens of kilometers. When approaching a star, comets gradually melt. From high temperature, the ice evaporates, forming a head and tail, reaching amazing sizes.

Asteroids are the cosmic bodies of the solar system, also called minor planets. Their main part is concentrated between Mars and Jupiter. They consist of iron and stone and are divided into two types: light and dark. The first ones are lighter, the second ones are harder. Asteroids have irregular shape. It is assumed that they were formed from the remnants of cosmic matter after the formation of the main planets, or they are fragments of a planet located between Mars and Jupiter.

Some cosmic bodies reach the Earth, but, passing through the thick layers of the atmosphere, they heat up during friction and break into small pieces. Therefore, relatively small meteorites fell on our planet. This phenomenon is by no means uncommon; fragments of asteroids are kept in many museums around the world, they were found in 3500 places.

There are not only large objects in space, but also tiny ones. So, for example, meteoroids are called bodies up to 10 m in size. Cosmic dust and even smaller, up to 100 microns in size. It appears in the atmospheres of stars as a result of gas emissions or explosions. Not all space bodies have been studied by scientists. These include black holes, which are found in almost every galaxy. They cannot be seen, it is only possible to determine their location. Black holes have a very strong attraction, so they do not even let go of light. They annually absorb huge volumes of hot gas.

Space bodies have different shapes, sizes, location in relation to the Sun. Some of them are combined into separate groups to make it easier to classify them. So, for example, asteroids located between the Kuiper belt and Jupiter are called Centaurs. Vulcanoids are thought to lie between the Sun and Mercury, although no object has yet been discovered.