Adverbial clauses replace the position of circumstances of various kinds and answer questions specific to circumstances.

The following types of adverbial clauses are presented in Russian:

time,

Causes,

Consequences

Conditions,

concessions

Comparisons

mode of action,

Measures and degrees.

· Complex sentences with clauses of time.The clauses of time indicate the time of the action or the manifestation of the sign, which is referred to in the main sentence. The clause of time refers to the entire main part, answer the questions when? how long? since when? until when ?, depend on the entire main sentence and join it with temporary unions when, until, as soon as, barely, before, while, until, since, suddenly, etc. For example: C Since we've known each other, you've given me nothing but suffering. (M. Yu. Lermontov) When the count returned, Natasha was impolitely delighted with him and hurried to leave. (L. Tolstoy) While Apollo does not require the poet to the sacred sacrifice, he is cowardly immersed in the cares of the vain world. (A. Pushkin)

In the main sentence there can be words with the meaning of time, demonstrative words then, until then, after that, etc., as well as the second component of the union then. If in the main clause there is a demonstrative word then, then when in the subordinate clause is a union word.

For example: I sit until I start to feel hungry. (D. Kharms) When you eat fresh cucumbers in winter, your mouth smells like spring (A. Chekhov) The poet feels the literal meaning of the word even when he gives it in figurative meaning(S. Marshak) Today, when I opened the window, my room was filled with the smell of flowers growing in a modest front garden (M. Yu. Lermontov)

From sentences with a correlative adverb in the main part, sentences with complex conjunctions, which can be divided into two parts by a comma, must be distinguished. Such unions are found not only in complex sentences with subordinate clauses, but in their other types. Breaking the union with a comma does not change its part-of-speech affiliation and the type of the subordinate clause.

For example, the sentences It has been raining since we have returned and It has been raining since we have returned have the same conjunction since.

The scientific literature also presents a point of view, according to which, when dismembering the union with a comma, it breaks up into two parts, the first part is included in the main sentence as a correlative word, and the second plays the role of the union. The type of the subordinate clause may change.

For example, the sentence This happened at a time when there was no one in this case should be interpreted not as a complex sentence with a clause of time, but as a complex sentence with an attributive clause.

In the absence of a demonstrative word, the subordinate part in a complex sentence of time can be in any position in relation to the main part.

There are only two cases when the position of the subordinate part is fixed.

1) the union is used as, as suddenly, expressing the attitude of surprise, surprise between the situations named in the main and subordinate parts. The subordinate part comes after the main part.

For example: My hat was almost full of nuts, when I suddenly heard a rustle (A. S. Pushkin);

2) a two-component (double) union is used when - then, only - how, when - then, etc. The second component of these unions is placed in the main part and can be omitted; the accessory part is located in front of the main one.

For example: As soon as I put on a cloak, it started to snow (M. Yu. Lermontov).

The clauses of time must be distinguished from other types of clauses joined by the allied word when.

For example: I saw Yalta in the year (= in which) Chekhov left it. (S. Marshak) (subordinate attributive).

Korchagin repeatedly asked me when he could be discharged. (N. Ostrovsky) (subordinate explanatory).

· Complex sentences with subordinate clauses

Adnexal places indicate the place or direction of movement, answer the questions where? Where? where? They do not refer to the entire main part, but to one word in it - the circumstance of the place, expressed by the pronominal adverb (there, there, from there, nowhere, everywhere, everywhere). The means of communication in a complex sentence with subordinate clauses are allied words where, where, from where, acting in the syntactic function of circumstances.

For example: He wrote wherever his thirst to write caught him. (K. Paustovsky) Where the river went, there will be a channel. (Proverb) And there, in the mind, where yesterday there were so many sounds, only emptiness remained (K. G. Paustovsky). Suddenly, where the surf throws its white fountains, an eagle rose. (M. Prishvin) I came from there, where people are hard as granite. (I. Utkin)

In colloquial speech, the correlative adverb in the main part can be omitted, and this part becomes incomplete, the subordinate part refers to this omitted adverb.

For example: He went where he wanted, where in the main part the word there is missing.

Usually subordinate clauses are placed after the demonstrative word in the main part. When changing the order of the parts of a complex sentence with a subordinate clause, attention to the content of the subordinate clause increases. This is usually observed in proverbs, sayings, aphorisms, as well as in poetic texts.

For example: Where it is thin, it breaks there. Where there is water, there is willow. Where it is thin, it breaks there. Where there is work, there is happiness.

Subordinate places should be distinguished from other types of subordinate clauses, which can also be attached to the main clause with the help of allied words where, where, from where.

Compare: And Tanya enters the empty house where (in which) our hero recently lived. (A. Pushkin) - (subordinate definitive).

I began to remember where I went during the day (I. Turgenev) (explanatory clause).

· Complex sentences with subordinate clauses

Subordinate clauses of reason reveal (designate) the reason for what is said in the main clause.

Subordinate causes refer to the entire main part, the reasons matter, answer the questions why? for what reason? why ?, refer to the entire main sentence and join the main unions because, because, since, for, good, thanks to the fact that, since, especially since and similar.

For example: They are hungry because there is no one to feed them, they cry because they are deeply unhappy (A.P. Chekhov). I send her all the tears as a gift, because I will not live to see the wedding. (I. Brodsky) Any work is important, because it ennobles a person. (L.T.) Due to the fact that we put on new plays every day, our theater was quite willingly attended. (A. Kuprin)

compound unions, last part which is what, can be divided: in the subordinate clause there is a simple union what, and the rest of the words are included in the main sentence, performing the function of a demonstrative word in it and being a member of the sentence.

For example: That's why the people who live with me on earth are dear to me. (S. Yesenin)

The subordinate clause of the cause is usually located after the main clause, however, when using a two-component union, the clause may come before the main clause, in which the second component of this union is placed:

For example: Since we are all as one for technology and for its exposure, we will ask Mr. Woland! (M. A. Bulgakov)

· Complex sentences with subordinate corollaries

Subordinate corollaries indicate a consequence, a conclusion that follows from the content of the main sentence. The subordinate corollary refers to the entire main part, has the meaning of a consequence, conclusion, joins the main part with a union so that and is always after the main part. The subordinate corollary answers the question what happened as a result of this?

For example: He immediately fell asleep, so when I asked, I heard only his even breathing. The heat was increasing, so that it became difficult to breathe. (D. Mamin-Sibiryak); The snow was getting whiter and brighter, so that it hurt my eyes. (M. Lermontov)

They do not belong to complex sentences with a subordinate clause of the sentence, in the main part of which there is an adverb so, and in the subordinate clause - the union that: Over the summer, he grew up so that he became taller than everyone in the class; it is a NGN with a clause of measure and degree.

Do not belong to the group under consideration and sentences, parts of which are connected by a coordinating or non-union connection and in the second part of which adverbs are presented therefore and therefore.

For example: The weather was fine, so we went to the lake (SSP); It started to rain so we had to leave (BSP).

· Complex sentences with subordinate conditions

Subordinate conditions indicate the conditions for the implementation of what is said in the main clause. The subordinate condition refers to the entire main part, the condition matters, answers the question under what condition? and joins the main one with the help of subordinating conjunctions if, when (in the meaning of the union if), if, as soon as, once, if, etc.

For example: His face would have seemed very young, if not for the rough corporal folds that crossed the cheeks and neck (I. Ilf and E. Petrov). And what an operation when a person is over sixty! (K. Paustovsky) When are you an old man, you will be our uncle forever. (A. Pushkin)

Subordinate conditions can occupy any position in relation to the main part.

Two-component unions can participate in the design of a conditional connection: if - then, if - so, if - then, and all of them can be replaced by a simple union if (that is, their second part is not mandatory). In this case, the subordinate part comes before the main part.

For example: If the weather is the same tomorrow, then I will go to the city by the morning train (A.P. Chekhov).

Sometimes the predicates in both parts of a complex sentence are expressed by verbs in the form of the subjunctive (conditional) mood (in the subordinate part, a particle would be added to the union).

For example: If I saw at least a single light somewhere in the distance, of course, I would immediately stop. (P. Pavlenko)

· Complex sentences with subordinate goals

Purpose clauses indicate the purpose of what is being said in the main clause. The clause of purpose refers to the entire main part, has the meaning of purpose, answers the questions why? for what purpose? For what? and joins the main part with unions so that (so that), in order to, so that, then so that, so that, if only, if only, if only.

For example: They put chains under the wheels instead of brakes so that they would not roll out, took the horses by the bridle and began to descend (M. Yu. Lermontov). In order to play with something out of boredom, he took a steel spear in his hands. (A. Pushkin) I woke Pashka so that he would not fall off the road. (A. Chekhov) He used all his eloquence in order to turn Akulina away from her intentions. (A. Pushkin) In order to be happy, one must not only love, but also be loved. (K. Paustovsky)

In these complex sentences, the demonstrative word then is sometimes used.

For example: I came here to explain myself.

Conjunctions used in a complex sentence with subordinate clauses are often separated by a comma. When dismembering a compound union, a simple union remains in the subordinate clause to, and the remaining words are included in the main sentence, being a demonstrative word and a member of the sentence.

For example: I invited you, gentlemen, in order to report the most unpleasant news (N.V. Gogol). I mention this solely to emphasize the absolute authenticity of many of Kuprin's things. (K. Paustovsky)

The subordinate goals must be distinguished from other types of subordinate clauses with the union to.

For example: I want a feather to be equated with a bayonet. (V. Mayakovsky) (subordinate explanatory).

The landing time was calculated in such a way as to get to the landing site at dawn. (D. Furmanov) (subordinate mode of action with an additional meaning of purpose).

· Complex sentences with subordinate concessions

In the subordinate concession, an event is reported, in spite of which an action is carried out, an event called in the main clause. In concessive relations, the main sentence reports such events, facts, actions that should not have happened, but nevertheless happen (happened, will happen). Thus, subordinate concessions are called, as it were, a “non-working” reason.

Adverbial concessions answer questions no matter what? contrary to what ?, refer to the entire main sentence and join it:

1) unions, although, although ... but, despite the fact that, despite the fact that, despite the fact that, let, let, etc.

2) allied words in combination with a particle neither: no matter how much, no matter what (would), etc.

For example: It was dirty almost everywhere on the street, although it rained last night (F. Sologub) - means of communication - union though.

Whatever the feelings that overwhelmed Bomze, his face did not leave the expression of innate nobility (I. Ilf and E. Petrov) - a means of communication - an allied word, which is part of the predicate.

No matter how much Ivan added a step, the distance between the pursued and them did not decrease at all (M. A. Bulgakov) - a means of communication is a union word how much, which is a circumstance.

The union can be two-component with the second part but, yes, however; these components can also be used when using allied words.

For example: Oddly enough, the sight of the papers reassured the chairman a little (I. Ilf and E. Petrov).

And although the insensible body is equal to decaying everywhere, but closer to the sweet limit, I would still like to rest (A. S. Pushkin).

· Complex sentences with relative clauses

The relative clause extends the entire main part. The content of the main part is compared with the content of the subordinate. From the main part to the subordinate one can put questions like how? like what? like what? The subordinate clause is joined by comparative conjunctions like, as if, as if, exactly, like as, just as, as if, as if, as if, as if, as if:

For example: Prince Vasily always spoke lazily, as an actor speaks the role of an old play. (L. N. Tolstoy)

But now a wide and dull sound flew from the ocean, as if a bubble had burst in the sky. (A. N. Tolstoy)

Rolling shook, got up from his chair, the pipe fell out of his mouth, his purple lips twisted, as if he wanted to and could not utter a word (A. N. Tolstoy).

In the main part of a complex sentence with a comparative clause, a demonstrative word can be used in such a way, which, however, is not obligatory: He laughed so merrily, as if he had heard the most witty joke in his life.

Comparative clauses can be incomplete: they omit the predicate if it coincides with the predicate of the main clause.

For example: His existence is enclosed in this tight program, like an egg in a shell. (A. Chekhov)

The fact that this is precisely an incomplete two-part sentence is evidenced by a minor member of the predicate group - in the shell.

Incomplete comparative clauses should not be confused with comparative turns in which there cannot be a predicate.

It is necessary to distinguish between subordinate comparative and comparative turnover. In the comparative clause there is a predicate or minor members of the predicate group, that is, dependent on the predicate word. In comparative turnover, the predicate group is not represented:

The "antelope wildebeest" accepted the subdued rude man and drove on, swaying like a funeral chariot (I. Ilf and E. Petrov) - a comparative turn, a circumstance.

Close to complex sentences with subordinate clauses of comparison are complex sentences with clauses of comparative, in which one part is compared with the other and the second is joined to the first with the help of the union than - that; in both parts of such a sentence, the comparative degrees of the adjective or adverb are presented.

For example: And the brighter the colors became in his imagination, the more difficult it was for him to sit down at typewriter(V. Nabokov).

In these sentences, the main part is considered to be the second part, containing the component of the union of topics.

A special group within complex sentences with comparative clauses is formed by those that do not refer to the entire main part, but to one word in it - to the form comparative degree adjective or adverb or to the words different, different, different, different, otherwise. The subordinate part joins the main part with the help of unions than, than. Relations between parts are comparative or contrastive.

For example: Time passed more slowly than clouds crawled across the sky (M. Gorky).

· Complex sentences with adverbial modalities

The adjectives of the mode of action characterize the way the action is performed and answer the questions how? how? They depend on the word that performs the function of the adverb of the mode of action in the main clause, refer to one word in the main part - the demonstrative pronominal adverb so or the combination in this way (sometimes they are omitted) and join the main part with the allied word like.

For example: Gaston only clenched his jaw, but behaved as needed (A. N. Tolstoy)

Adventitious modalities are located behind the main part.

· Complex sentences with subordinate measures and degrees

Subordinate measures and degrees denote the measure or degree of what can be measured in terms of quantity, quality, intensity. They answer the question to what extent? and join the main part with unions what, to, how, as if, as if, etc., or with allied words how much, how much.

Subordinate clauses with conjunctions that, in order to refer to words so, such, so much, so and turnovers to such an extent, to such an extent, and have an additional meaning of the consequence.

For example: His hands were trembling to such an extent that he was unable to unbutton his coat. (A. Chekhov) There is so much charm in the Russian land that all artists will have enough for thousands of years. (K. Paustovsky) He stood at such a height that people from below had to look at him with their heads thrown back. (D. Merezhkovsky) Here horror seized Berlioz so much that he closed his eyes (M. Bulgakov).

A separate group among complex sentences with subordinate measures and degrees are those in which the subordinate part is attached to words as much, so much with the help of allied words, how much. In these sentences, only the meaning of measure and degree is expressed and there is no additional connotation of the consequence.

For example: I was upset as much as possible.

Adnexal measures and degrees may have an additional connotation of comparison; in this case, they are joined by comparative conjunctions.

For example: Such ringing and singing stood on the main street, as if a driver in a fishing canvas overall was carrying not a rail, but a deafening musical note (I. Ilf and E. Petrov).

We talked about complex sentences with subordinate clauses earlier when we analyzed the types of subordinate clauses in a complex sentence.

Lesson number 39. Complex sentences with subordinate concessions, conditions. 9th grade

Glezdunova S.N., Russian teacher

language and literature MBOU "MSSH"

Target: formation of punctuation literacy of students in Russian language lessons.

Tasks:

show the features of NGN with concessive and conditional clauses;

to teach to distinguish subordinate concessions and conditions from other types of subordinate clauses;

improve spelling and punctuation skills.

develop students' speech.

cultivate love for the native language.

During the classes.

Organizing time.

II. Examination homework. Blackboard work.

From ex. 128 write out 2 sentences with clauses of time and produce parsing. Write out words with missing spellings, explain.

III. Spelling work. ( mutual verification).

An interesting picture is the original; reproduction of the work; perfect copy; the original is prettier than the copy; original language; decide; I took part; received guests; adopted in accordance with the charter; adopted unanimously.

2. Pair work: Arrange punctuation marks, determine the type of subordinate clauses.

1. The tent must be pulled so that it buzzes like a drum. 2. Then it must be dug in so that during rain the water flows into the ditches on the sides of the tent and does not wet the field. (K. Paustovsky) 3. There is almost no minute in the day that work is not in full swing in the post-grandfather fields. (M. Saltykov-Shchedrin) 4. I want a pen to be equated with a bayonet. (V.Mayakovsky) 5. One must always speak honestly so that no one is ashamed. (K. Paustovsky) 6. She loved Richardson not because she read it, not because she preferred Lovlas to Grandison. (A. Pushkin)

Test yourself (on the multimedia board): The tent must be pulled so that it buzzes like a drum. - an adjective of the mode of action. How?

Then it must be dug in so that during rain the water flows into the ditches on the sides of the tent and does not wet the field. - subordinate purpose for what purpose?

There is almost no minute in the day when work is not in full swing in the post-grandfather fields. - relative attributive to a to about d?

I want the pen to be equated with the bayonet. - subordinate explanatory what about?

We must always speak honestly, so that no one is ashamed. - adjective of purpose. for what purpose?

She loved Richardson not because she had read it, not because she preferred Lovlace to Grandison. - adjective reasons for what reason?

III. Message about the topic and purpose of the lesson.

IV. Learning new material.

1. Questions and tasks.

- What is the meaning of complex sentences with subordinate clauses causes, conditions, concessions, goals, consequences? (The general meaning of conditionality.)

- Look at the table on p. 84-85 of the textbook § 19. What are the types of sentences with the meaning of conditionality.

Today in the lesson we will get acquainted with adverbial clauses and conditions. (Setting the goal and objectives of the lesson by students)

Work with the table (each on the desk)

Means of communication:

Unions:	Allied words:
although (though)	no matter how much
despite
although
for nothing that

Subordinate clauses apply to the entire main clause.

Unions can act as a means of communicationif, if, if, if, when in meaningIf , How in meaningIf Andonce in meaningIf .

In complex sentences, subordinate clauses can take a position both before the main clause and after the main clause.

You will never forget the beauty of this city if you have ever seen it.

If you have ever seen this city, you will never forget its beauty.

Adnexalconcessions from report on the conditions in spite of which any actions are performed.

Little Varya begged for candy(despite what?) despite the fact that they are harmful to the teeth.

Subordinate concessions apply to the entire main clause.

Unions can be the means of communication of subordinate concessions with the main part of the sentencethough, let, let . Anddespite the fact that, despite the fact that and evenfor nothing that .

Subordinate clause of concession

Name the subordinate clause; determine the type of adjective

When everyone was already seated, all the lights in the huge pink theater went out at once. He stopped where the fire was burning. As soon as dawn broke, we arrived at the station. When I feel good, or vice versa, it hurts, I always remember this jazz melody. We went towards the forest, where the old man pointed us.

Subordinate clause of the condition Question Conjunctions If If If Once When (= if) If When When

SPP with a subordinate clause (Under what condition?) When there is no agreement among the comrades, their business will not go well. Come mow hay, (on what condition?) only if it doesn't rain. Her face became better (under what condition?) when mother smiled.

Physical pause.

Game "Continue the sentence":

NGN with a subordinate clause

I would like to meet you on Saturday if...

Would you win the contest if...

A team will advance to the final if...

You wouldn't get a bad grade if (= if)….

NGN with a clause assignment

Continue NGN with a clause assignment

We had a great time despite…

He came to class though...

You will not achieve the result, no matter how ...

Physical pause for the eyes.

V. Consolidation, systematization, application.

1. Work on exercise 133 (1-3 offer), 134 (1-3)

2. Exerc. 135 (1-4 sentence).

3. Open the brackets, put in the missing punctuation marks: (work in pairs)

(Not) despite the ice, the buses took to the line.

(Not) looking at me, he walked sullenly.

Strike the iron before it gets cold.

We had a great time (not) despite the fact that the summer turned out to be rainy.

There is no such thing that a person would not overcome.

Wherever a formidable sword whistles, wherever an angry horse rushes, everywhere heads fly off their shoulders.

4 . Construction of NGN with subordinate conditions and concessions (oral):

A) complete the main sentences with subordinate clauses:

Nice to get away from the city...

The machine ... can last another ten years.

B) complete the subordinate clauses with the main clauses:

If go at night on an unfamiliar road ...

If the museum is open tomorrow...

B) add unfinished sentences:

Everyone is in a great mood, despite the fact that…

In March, the snow usually melts, although…

Test.

A) Indicate a complex sentence with a concessive clause.

In the spring, when nature comes to life, you feel an extraordinary surge of strength.

He realized then that Levinson wanted to check the combat readiness of the detachment.

Despite the fact that it was sunny, we did not go to the park.

I sat down on the bench so as not to fall.

B) Indicate a complex sentence with a subordinate clause.

I had the feeling that I was wrong about something.

If the team of our school wins tomorrow's match, it will advance to the final.

I looked at the fortress and tried to guess what story is connected with it.

Complex work with text. "Preparing for the OGE." Exercise. Read the text, explain spelling and punctuation, determine the topic and main idea of ​​the text.

VI.Lesson conclusions. Reflection.

Using the beginning, create 2 sentences, applying the knowledge gained in the lesson, determine the type of subordinate clauses, draw up diagrams:

I realized that...

Although…

Several people read and explain.

VII. Summary of the lesson.

What suggestions did you get in class?

Why were they named like that?

What do concessions indicate?

With what help are they attached to the main sentence?

VIII. Homework.

Learn the rules on pp. 84-85, § 19, for group 1: ex. No. 134 (5-6), 135 (5-7).

Creative task for group 2: from texts fiction write out five SPPs with subordinate concessions and conditions, or compose a fairy tale about subordinate concessions and conditions.

Conditional subordinate clauses contain an indication of the condition on which the implementation of what is said in the main part depends.

Conditional clauses are attached to the main part of the sentence only through unions “if”, “if”, “if”, “if”, “how”, “how soon”, “once”, “when”, “if”, “will”, “whether ... whether”.

However, the relation of conditionality can be conveyed without special conjunctions, with the help of lexical and morphological means (with the form imperative mood):

Appearnow in Rus' a poet who would be immeasurably higher than Pushkin, his appearance could no longer make so much noise(Bel.).

Such sentences are especially common in colloquial speech.

Conditional relationships can be emphasized by the combination "in that case":

He has a chance to escape even in that case, If these three will raise a belated alarm(Cossack.).

Conditional clauses in relation to the main part can occupy any position, although the preposition of the clause is more characteristic, since with such an arrangement of the parts the conditional-investigative relations are more clearly transmitted. The preposition of the subordinate part becomes the only possible one if the main part contains braces:

Meanwhile if you actually shot That there would be something heroic, strong(Cupr.);

Ifdo you agree, That I will immediately connect with our dear collaborators(Kupr.).

Compound sentences with subordinate clauses have two varieties:

1) offers with real condition(real-conditional);

2) offers with desired, possible or alleged (hypothetically - conditional) condition.

In the proposals of the first group(with a real condition) clauses are attached using unions “if”, “if”, “if” (“if”), “as soon”, “how”, “once”, “will”, “when”, “whether ... whether”.

Unions "if", "if", "if", "will" usually convey the relation of conditionality in an uncomplicated form.

The most common union "If", stylistically neutral:

Don't feel sorry for the strength If they give results like this(N. Ostr.).

Union "if" has an archaic and at the same time colloquial connotation:

Ifwe have achieved one, we will achieve another(Fad.).

Union "if" ("kol") - colloquial:

Kohlyou are an old man, you will be our uncle forever(P.).

Union « will" has an archaic coloration. He emphasizes the possibility of fulfilling the condition in the future:

Budewho asks what- be silent if you want to be alive!(M. G.)

When indicating several conditions, a repeating union can be used "whether":

Lit whether african day, freshen up whether night shadow, luxury and art all the time, dormant feelings amuse her(P.).

Proposals with unions "it depends", conversational, and "as soon", "as soon" (arch.) are usually complicated by temporary relationships:

Howthe head is empty, so the head of the mind will not be given space(Cr.);

After all, Molchalin is stupid, When it is about honor, nobility, science, poetry and similar lofty subjects, but he is smart as the devil, When it's about his personal gain(Bel.).

Union "once", characteristic of colloquial speech, usually indicates a realized condition and the conclusion that follows from it. Compound sentences with conjunction once complicated by causal relationships:

Oncethe choice is up to me I participate in the development of events with my free will(Fad.);

Oncecome, let Moscow judge us(B. Paul.).

The causal connotation can also appear with other unions. ("if", "if", "when") and is usually underlined by the particle "already":

Ifyou invite, That I stay(Kor.).

In the presence of particles "and", "even", "same" in subordinate clauses with the same unions, a concessive shade of meaning appears:

Everything extraneous, all the past disappeared from memory, and if appeared in it from time to time, then in the form of shapeless fragments(Cossack.).

In the proposals of the second group(with a desired, possible or intended condition) clauses are attached using conjunctions "if", "if", "when", "when" combined with particle "would" (with the subjunctive mood of verbs), as well as through a special union "if".

With the addition of a particle "would" the stylistic coloring of unions does not change (see the group of sentences with subordinate clauses with the meaning of the real condition):

If onlywe were now allowed into the field, we would fall into the grass to sleep(N.).

Union "if" has a folklore character:

If onlyI was a queen, - the third sister said, - I would give birth to a hero for the father-king(P.).

Offers of this group with union "When", unlike sentences with an indication of a real condition, they have only a conditional meaning, not complicated by a temporal relationship:

Whenthen mine was would power, I, knowing bears by race, would not allow them to honey!(Mikhalk.).

Plan - lesson summary No. 29 By Russian language

NGN with a subordinate clause

date ____ / ____

____ / ____

Class ____ "____"

____ «____»

Target: show the features of NGN with conditional clauses;

introductory lesson

Lesson learning new material

Lesson of generalization and systematization of knowledge

Lesson of repetition of acquired knowledge

Integrated lesson

Lesson of consolidation and development of ZUN

Binary Lesson

Combined lesson

Lesson in the formation and consolidation of ZUN

+

The Lesson of Checking and Evaluating ZUN

Type

lesson

Tasks:

tables

exercise book

illustrations, portraits of writers, scientists

stickers

scheme

Handout

collection of didactic materials

TCO

+

textbook

+

task cards

markers, sheets A-4, A-3, drawing paper

tests

Lesson equipment and didactic material :

Expected learning outcomes:

students will be able

Students will be ablerecognize conditional clauses, distinguish them from other types.

New concepts:

During the classes

Lesson content

active forms,

used in the lesson /

Techniques Used

and strategies

Evaluation

I. Motivation

Organizational stage// Positive attitude //

Hello guys! Good afternoon I'm glad to see each of you! I am glad that you are in a good mood, and I hope that we will work together today. I wish you success

Divide the class into groups. (using stickers // Rules for working in a group)

Be conscientious towards your comrades, work to the best of your ability.

II. Implementation

Reviewing material learned in the previous lesson

Checking homework

Questions to consolidate the theory: at this time, 1 student works near the blackboard, 1-2 from indiv. kart.

What sentences are called complex sentences?

What groups of complex sentences do you know?

(Determinative, pronominal-defining, explanatory, adverbial.)

What are adjectival clauses attached to? What place do they occupy in relation to the main thing?

(To a noun in the main clause. Stand after the word being defined.)

Which member simple sentence corresponds to an adjective explanatory?

(Supplement)

What questions do adverbial clauses answer?

(Questions of indirect cases)

Name the types of adverbial clauses.

(Modes of action and degrees, places, times, conditions, causes, goals, comparisons, concessions, consequences.)

What questions do adverbial tenses answer?

(When? Since when? Until when?)

What questions do adjectives answer?

(How? To what extent? To what extent?)

What are they attached to? adventitious images actions and what place do they occupy in relation to the main thing?

(To be combined with a demonstrative word; after the main one.)

4.Updating knowledge

Guys, what do we want to learn today in the lesson?

Let's formulate the goals of today's lesson

Know the features of complex sentences with subordinate clauses

learn to recognize clauses in NGN

find the main and subordinate part in NGN and determine the type of subordinate clause.

be able to punctuate and make schemes of sentences of this type.

Questions: adjunctive conditions answer the questionunder what condition?

2. Means of communication: subordinate clauses are attached to the main clauseunions : if, when, when (meaning "if")once (meaning "if")if, if, how (meaning "if"), etc.

Compound double conjunctions can be used in complex sentences with conditional clauses:if..., then; if so; if so; how... so and etc.

Unlike compound unions likesince, as long as, while and others. the second part of the double union (then, so ) is always in the main clause, and it is part of the union, and not a demonstrative word. Double conjunction clauses always come before the main clause:

Once you already agreed So you can't refuse (Dal).

3. Place in the offer: subordinate clauses can be placed after the main clause, before the main clause.

For example:

[Under what condition?]If if there was sand on the shallows, you could see traces of the animal (Arseniev).

( If - union).

5. Submission of new material

Suggestions are written on the board.

Task: punctuate, determine the type of subordinate clause, draw up diagrams

1) And the pain (what?), That pounded like a starling in the temple, subsides, subsides ...

(Definitive, [ n. ], (what…).)

2) Who takes a lot on himself, (which one? Who exactly?), He has the right to expect a lot from others.

(Pronoun-defining .; (Who ...), [that ...].)

3) And there is no greatness there (where?), where there is no simplicity, goodness and truth.

(Circumstances, the meaning of the place, [... there], (where ...).)

4) And now five centuries have passed (since when?), since the artist died, and his creations are alive.

(Circumstances, the meaning of time; like (), a .; a coordinative connection between 2 and 3 sentences.)

5. Fixing

[Do not look for the truth in others], (when it is not in you) (Last).

[And a light rain, (as long as it lasts), causes a flood] (Last).

(Since you are silent), [I will speak for you] (K. Paustovsky)..

[Under what condition?] If you are a ruddy guy, you will be my brother (Pushkin).

(if - union), .

, (when - union).

[Under what condition?] As the soul is black, so you can’t wash it off with soap (proverb).

(like - union), [and].

If you really want to, you can fly into space.

If the grandfather left home, the grandmother arranged the most interesting meetings in the kitchen.

When there is no agreement among the comrades, their business will not go well.

Since we started talking, it's better to finish everything.

If the conditional clause comes before the main one, then the latter may contain a union, for example:

If the plant is not watered, it will dry out.

His face would have seemed quite young, if not for the rough corporal folds that crossed his cheeks and neck (I. Ilf and E. Petrov).

And what an operation when a person is over sixty! (K. Paustovsky)

If you are an old man, you will be our uncle forever. (A. Pushkin)

(If you want to be healthy), [do sports].

(If you boil water for a long time), then [the water evaporates].

Reflection

Summing up the lesson.

What new did you learn in the lesson?

What were you interested in?

In Russian, sentences are divided into simple and complex. Their difference is that simple ones have one grammatical basis, in complex ones there can be two or more. IN syntactic constructions, consisting of several parts, one of three types of communication can be used: coordinating, unionless or subordinating. Complex sentences with (Grade 9) are the most extensive topic due to the number of values ​​\u200b\u200bof the dependent part from the main one.

The concept of a complex sentence

A syntactic construction in which one part is dependent on another is called a complex structure. It always has a main (from which the question is raised) and an additional part. The sentences that are part of such a structure are combined or, for example:

1. The boy realized (what?) that his deceit was exposed(the main part - the boy understood to which the subordinate clause is attached with the help subordinating union"What").
2. Than to be second in Rome, it is better to be first in the province(under what condition?) (the main clause - it is better to be the first in the province - is connected with the dependent conjunction "what").
3. A wind (what?) blew from the north, which forced everyone to button up their jackets(the main sentence - the wind blew from the north - is connected with the subordinate allied word "which").

Depending on how the parts of a complex sentence are connected, they are divided into 4 types:

• with the help of unions to what, how, whether (I could hear the gate creak);
• with attributive clauses, attached by allied words which, which, whose, what, where and others ( I bought the car I dreamed of for a long time);
• with an adjective clause using allied words why, why, why and what (In the evenings, mother bathed her son, after which she always read him a fairy tale);
We climbed to the observation deck, from where the city was as visible as possible.).

The last type of syntactic constructions are divided into types according to their meaning.

Types of adverbial clauses

In complex sentences, the dependent part, answering questions inherent in circumstances, is called that. Below are the circumstances. The table briefly conveys all their types:

time	as soon as the curtain went up, the orchestra played (when?)
places	they came home, where a hot supper and a warming grog were already waiting for them (where?)
causes	the children laughed (for what reason?) because the dog stood up on its hind legs and wagged its short tail
conditions	if you are nearby, please come to us (under what condition?)
goals	I went to the store (for what purpose?) to buy bread for dinner
concessions	he was silent (in spite of what?), despite the fact that the resentment against his friend was strong
comparisons	something rumbled outside the window (like what?), like a distant thunderstorm
course of action	we all did so (how?) as indicated in the note
measures and degrees	the girl was so shy (to what extent?) that she would never talk to a stranger first
consequences	over the summer, Yegor grew up, so that now he took second place in the ranks (as a result of what?)

Complicated sentences with adverbial clauses are connected by conjunctions and allied words, depending on the meaning they define.

Adventitious images and degrees of action

This type of complex sentences in its dependent part gives an explanation of how the action was performed or indicates the degree of quality of the attribute of the subject that is being discussed in the main one.

In such syntactic constructions, questions are posed to the subordinating sentence: “how?”, “how?”, “how much?”, “to what extent?” and others. The dependent part corresponds to:

A complex sentence with an adverbial adverbial mode of action is always constructed in such a way that the main part comes before the dependent. If you swap them, a different value is formed. For example:

1. The snow was so bright (to what extent?) that the eyes began to water after a few minutes of being outside.
2. My eyes started watering after a few minutes of being outside (for what reason?) because the snow was so bright.

Time clause

When the dependent part in indicates when the event took place, then this is a complex sentence with a clause of adverbial tense. At the same time, the dependent part does not refer to a separate concept, but to the entire main one, and gives answers to the questions “when?”, “How long?”, “until when?”, “since when?”

They are connected with the help of temporary unions "when", "as soon as", "barely", "until", "until", "since" and others. At the same time, the main sentence may contain words that have the meaning of time, for example, “then”, “after”, “until”, etc. For example, complex sentences with adverbial clauses from the literature:

1. On the day (when exactly?) when I made this decision, someone hit me on the shoulder in the Criterion bar (A. Conan Doyle).
2. Now sit here for a while (how long?) While I run out to eat (J. Simenon).

In such syntactic constructions, complex conjunctions can be used, which are separated by a comma into two parts. Moreover, one of them is in the main sentence as a demonstrative word, and the second - in the subordinate clause in the form of a union ( It's been 30 years since he left his hometown).

In the event that the index word is absent, the dependent part can be both before and after the main one, but in two cases it is fixed:

1. If complex sentences with adverbial clauses use the unions “as”, “as suddenly”, then they are after the main ( Dinner was about to end when another guest arrived.).
2. If double conjunctions are used, such as "when ... then", "only ... how", "when .... That". In this case, the subordinate clause is in front of the main part, and the second fragment of the double union can be omitted ( When the first snow falls, the flock will move south).

In other cases, the place of the subordinate clause can change without affecting the meaning of the sentence.

adnexal places

A complex sentence with an adverbial clause (examples below) can indicate the place of action or its direction. It answers the questions “where?”, “Where?”, “From where?” and refers to a specific word in the main part, which can be expressed by an adverb (there, there, from there, everywhere, everywhere and others).

1. Everywhere (where exactly?), wherever you look, there was water.
2. I come from a place (where?), where poverty has never been known.

The compound sentence is connected with the adverbial clause of the place by the allied words “where?”, “Where?”, “Where from?” The dependent part in such syntactic constructions comes after the word being defined.

Subordinate condition

Complex sentences with adverbial adverbial clauses answer the questions “under what condition?”, “In what case?” Such syntactic constructions indicate the conditions under which the actions named in the main part are performed. In them, the dependent clause can refer both to the main part and to a separate predicate, and join with the help of the unions “if”, “how” (in the definition of “if”), “if”, “kol” and “when” (in role "if").

A complex sentence with a subordinate adverbial clause (the examples below confirm this) conditions can be both before the main one and after it:

1. If you want so much, be according to this (on what condition?).
2. You can get a chance to win the lottery (in which case?) if you buy tickets regularly.
3. If you buy tickets regularly, you can win the lottery (the content of the offer has not changed from the rearrangement).

Often, such syntactic constructions use conjunctions consisting of two parts: “if ... then”, “if .... yes, if... Then" ( If it rains tomorrow, then we will not go for mushrooms.).

adjective purpose

Goals indicate the purpose for which the action indicated in its main part is performed. They provide answers to the questions “why?”, “for what purpose?”, “for what?”

Parts of such a syntactic construction are joined by the unions “to”, “in order to”, “in order to”, “if only”, “then so that” and others, for example:

1. In order to walk faster, he quickened his steps (for what purpose?).
2. In order to be useful to people, you need to work hard on yourself (for what?).
3. I said this in order (why?) to annoy my father.

Compound unions can be separated, then there is a comma between them. One part remains in the main clause, and the union "to" - in the dependent.

Clause of reason

Complicated sentences with adverbial adverbial reasons indicate the basis of what is being said in the main part. The dependent clause is fully related to the main one and answers the questions “for what reason?”, “why?”, “why?” and is joined by unions “because”, “good”, “because”, “because”, “because” and others, for example:

1. Due to the fact that we rallied, the rivals could not defeat us (for what reason?).
2. She was sad (why?), because autumn brought rain and cold.
3. We decided to make a halt (why?) because we walked for six hours in a row.

The subordinate clause in such syntactic constructions usually comes after the main clause.

Adventitious corollary

In complex sentences with similar subordinate clauses, a conclusion is drawn from the content of the main part. It answers the question "what happened because of this?" The dependent fragment is attached to the main union "so" and always comes after it, for example:

1. The heat intensified (what happened because of this?), so we had to look for shelter.
2. The girl began to cry (what happened because of this?), so I had to give in to her request.

This type of construction should not be confused with subordinate degrees and measures, in which the adverb “so” and the union “what” are used ( Over the summer, he was so tanned that his hair looked white.).

Adventitious assignment

Complicated sentences with these subordinate clauses give explanations for events that occurred contrary to what was discussed in the main part.

They answer the questions “despite what?”, “Despite what?” and join the main part:

• unions “although”, “even though ... but”, “despite the fact that”, “let”, “let” ( There were big puddles outside even though it rained yesterday);
• allied words with the particle "neither" - "no matter how", "no matter how much" "whatever" ( No matter how much grandfather made a rocking chair, it came out lopsided).

Thus, subordinate concessions indicate why the action did not work.