The famous bestseller of its time "Taras Bulba", written by Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol, is still of interest not only to literary critics and historians, but also to ordinary citizens of their country who are not indifferent to the fate of their Motherland. Each of us had to write an essay on the topic “Patriotism” in our school years. Patriotism in the story "Taras Bulba" will be discussed below.
The time and purpose of the emergence of the Cossacks
When did the Cossacks appear, you ask? And it appeared quite a long time ago, in the distant 16th century, when in Ukraine (then it was part, outskirts modern Russia) land was redistributed. The Poles and Lithuanians, having united in one state, the Commonwealth, started a war with the then Ukraine, occupying their lands. The power, which did not recognize the union (an agreement on the unification of the Orthodox and Catholic churches), began to be at enmity with the speech. An essay on the topic “Patriotism”, written by us, will tell about a special army - the Cossacks.
Fugitive serfs, desperate guys, just lovers of adventure went to the Cossacks in their place of deployment - the Zaporizhzhya Sich. It was called so because it was located beyond the rapids of the Dnieper River, surrounded by fallen trees as a fortification (cut).
Cossacks - power!
The strict rules that the Cossacks came up with on their territory must be included in the essay on the topic "Patriotism of the story" Taras Bulba "".
Brought to the Sich by the main character, Colonel of the Cossacks Taras Bulba, his sons were struck by the severity of morals. Both Andriy and Ostap were imbued with the scene of the murderer's punishment. For the fact that in a drunken fight a Cossack stabbed his comrade, they treated him cruelly - they buried him along with the dead. This was how the character of the Cossacks was tempered. This made them more organized. Each of them was afraid to commit a misdemeanor. All the Cossacks were very patriotic, were not afraid to fight for their homeland to the death and died with the name of their country on their lips. Suffice it to recall the scene of the battle of the Cossacks with the "winged" Polish soldiers. With what zeal each of them took up the saber and went into battle, not being afraid of any obstacles! With sufficient physical training, the Cossacks quite successfully won the battle. When one of them still had to die, they glorified the Motherland to the last (ataman Kukubenko, Cossack Shilo and others).
Andriy and treason
Who will the essay on the topic “Patriotism in War” be about if the story “Taras Bulba” is taken as the basis? Well, of course, about Taras and his son Ostap.
Taras Bulbenko, nicknamed Bulba, was a man of strict principles and a patriotic, fearless Cossack.
When both of his sons returned from the bursa where they studied, he immediately took them to Zaporozhye. His dream was to raise real warriors. And indeed, the guys showed themselves remarkably well in battle, quickly got used to the order and way of life in the Sich, but each of them went his own way.
Andriy, having fallen in love with the daughter of a Polish governor, went over to the side of the enemy, forgetting his father, brother, Cossack duty.
Should it be included in our essay on "Patriotism"? Hardly. He betrayed his homeland, turned out to be completely unpatriotic, unlike his father. An unfamiliar woman was able to become dearer to him than the closest people.
He didn't say a word to his father when he met him face to face. Taras, reluctantly, kills his own traitor son.
Father and son. True Patriots
Undoubtedly, the real patriots of the story "Taras Bulba" are the father and his son Ostap. They had to go through a lot to defeat Poland. But Ostap did not succeed: he was taken prisoner and subsequently executed on the square. The scene of the massacre of Ostap showed all the most strengths Russian Cossacks: strength, steadfastness, patriotism, endurance. Before being hanged, the gentry mocked the warrior for a long time, breaking his bones and beating him. But not a word was uttered by a real Cossack, a true Christian, as he called himself.
Taras himself died a no less cruel death. Having lost both sons, he did not know the measure in battle. He burned many settlements, Catholic churches, ruined more than one house. So he "celebrated a wake" for his beloved Ostap. The Polish government, frightened by such a scale of Taras's actions, decided to catch him and execute him in front of everyone. It was not so easy for them to succeed, only a case helped. Bulba accidentally dropped a pipe (or, as it was then called, a cradle) filled with tobacco in a field. Being a true patriot, he did not even want to leave her to the enemies. When trying to raise the cradle, he was captured by enemies.
Taras was executed very cruelly: they burned him alive, tied him to a tree and nailed his hands to it. But even then, our Cossack showed heroism: seeing from above everything that was happening, he shouted to his brothers to jump from the cliff into the water, otherwise they would be defeated. After listening to the father, the Cossacks won the battle. And Taras himself burned down in front of everyone with patriotic remarks about the Russian land on his lips.
Why is patriotism always in fashion?
An essay on the topic "Patriotism" can be written by any seventh grader, having studied this work at school. But among other things, the guys should understand that this topic is relevant at all times, both in the 16th century and in ours, the 21st. When a country is united, when all its inhabitants look in the same direction, no war is terrible! You can try to write an essay on the topic “Patriotism is fashionable!” To show the relevance of this work to this day. The Cossacks were able to win because they were very organized and patriotic. Each of us should take an example from these strong, strong-willed people!
annotation
This methodological development is devoted to the problem of patriotism and heroism in the story of N.V. Gogol "Taras Bulba" and is aimed at the civil and patriotic development of primary school students. The education in schoolchildren of love for the Motherland and pride in it, loyalty to one's work, a sense of unity and camaraderie is carried out on the example of the heroes of the story. Work on such a serious topic becomes understandable, interesting and exciting due to the selection of various methods and techniques, such as “Two-color traffic light”, “Guessing from dictionaries”, “Cluster”, “Order Form”, etc.
Introduction 4
Main part 6
Conclusion 14
List of used literature and sources 15
Appendix No. 1 16
Appendix No. 2 19
Introduction
Today, the quality of education is determined not only by the level of knowledge that children receive during lessons, but also by the quality of their spiritual and moral development. One of the most important vectors of this work is patriotic education the rising generation. It is in school age- the most fertile for civil-patriotic education. If such work is carried out daily, then schools will produce a generation of noble people capable of feat and heroism, whom we call “patriots”. This is the relevance of this methodological development.
The lesson is designed for 7th grade students.
Lesson Objectives:
educational:
To form the skills of analyzing the text of a literary work;
Update knowledge about the concepts of heroism and patriotism;
To control such general educational skills, the ability to work with a dictionary, the ability to draw up diagrams, generalize;
developing:
Develop the ability to work with text: find the right material, compare and compare, draw conclusions;
To form skills for independent cognitive activity;
Hone the ability to argue your position;
educators:
To cultivate love for the history of the Motherland, a sense of patriotism and national pride;
Contribute to the development of a culture of communication;
To help realize the value of joint activity.
Lesson type: combined.
Equipment: computer, projector, interactive whiteboard.
Main part
A person cannot live without a homeland, just as one cannot live without a heart.
K. G. Paustovsky
- Organizing time
- Knowledge update
Reception "Two-color traffic light"
(slide number 1)
Guys, there are only two colors on our literary traffic light: red means that access to new information that you can get in the lesson is closed; green - access is open and we are starting. What do you think will help us change the traffic light from red to green? (correct answers to questions)
It is true, because without this knowledge it will be difficult for us to move on. Viewing a fragment of a wonderful adaptation of the story "Taras Bulba" directed by Vladimir Bortko will help us answer the questions.
Viewing fragments of the film adaptation of the story, director - Vladimir Bortko (00:35:37-00:41:47)
What episode of the story is depicted in it? (The ataman decides to go to Poland in order to avenge all the evil caused by the enemies, and for the disgrace of the Orthodox faith)
What are the origins of the conflict between Poles and Ukrainian Cossacks? (The Orthodox population of the Commonwealth refused to accept the union (agreement) and, as a result, the supremacy of the Pope and the Catholic Church. The Poles began to persecute the dissatisfied, and by the end of the 16th century, the mass of the Ukrainian population began to perceive the Polish Catholic gentry as their main enemy.)
What is the idea of the piece? (Show the true defenders of the Christian faith and Orthodox Church, brave fighters for national independence. In the second edition of the story, the writer emphasized the idea of the unity of the Russian and Ukrainian people)
- Self-determination to activity
Reception "Dictionary Divination"
Well done, guys, coped with the questions, you can move on! But for this we need to determine the topic of the lesson and set goals for ourselves, i.e. a little glimpse into the future. And to find out what awaits us, "guessing" in dictionaries will help. There are dictionaries on your desks, I will name the page and the line, and you will read out the definition of the concept that you will get. Based on them, we will try to determine the topic of the lesson.
Students read the definitions and write them down in a notebook.
Patriotism - love for the Motherland, devotion to the Fatherland, people
Heroism -
- courage, resilience, selflessness, shown in a critical situation;
- ability to accomplish a feat; supreme manifestation patriotism
Now try to identify the topic and set goals for this lesson (The image of patriotism and heroism in the story "Taras Bulba")
Recording the topic and epigraph in a notebook.
4. Work on the topic of the lesson
Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol in his work glorifies the Cossacks - brave and courageous warriors, true patriots. Today our main goal issee in what actions the patriotism and heroism of the Cossacks - the heroes of the story - are manifested. The time shown in the work is incredibly difficult: with fire and sword, the gentry tried to subjugate and “Polish” the Ukrainian people. But it is no coincidence that they say that harsh times give birth to strong characters.
Let's remember what the Cossacks fought for.
Reception "Cluster"
for freedom for national for orthodox
The virtue of faith
for your culture for your customs for your family
Quite right, it was precisely from this that the concept of the Motherland was formed for the Cossacks. Do you think these are worthy goals?(Yes, worthy, for them you need to fight to the end)
Working with text in groups
Reception "Order Form"
Guys, in order to achieve the goal of our lesson, we need to turn to the text of the story, pay attention to Handout on your desks (see Appendix No. 1). You will work with these texts in groups. Each group receives a kind of "order form" (see Appendix #2) where the order is the questions you must answer while working on the episodes.
5. Dynamic pause
Reception "Restore the chronology"
Guys, you have been working diligently on the assignment, now let's digress a bit and move on. On the board, in a chaotic manner, are the events described in the story (see Appendix 3). Your task is to quickly restore their chronology by running one after another to the board. If you saw that your classmate made a mistake, you need to correct it and only then make your “move”.
6. Summing up the work with the text
Guys, now you will need to refer to your order forms. Our task is to combine the knowledge "obtained" in the lesson, to collect them in one imaginary basket.(An image of a basket is attached to the board, students go to the board and briefly write down the answers to the questions, the rest are written in a notebook)
Reception "Basket of Knowledge"
Where do we see the patriotism and heroism of the heroes of the story?
In selfless love for their Motherland (“No one can love like a Russian soul”);
In faithful fellowship (“There is no bond more holy than fellowship!”);
In an unshakable faith in the strength and power of their Motherland (“Let the Orthodox Russian land stand forever and be eternally honored by it!”);
In an effort to protect their freedom, faith, family, customs, culture;
In a valiant and courageous battle with enemies (“Let all enemies perish and the Russian land rejoice forever!”);
In rejection and unforgiveness of betrayal (“I gave birth to you, I will kill you!”);
In fearlessness, put your life for the good of the Motherland;
In the ability to endure terrible torment and not make a sound (“... Nothing like a groan escaped from his mouth, his face did not tremble”).
7. Reflection. Receiving "SMS to a friend"
On the screens of your paper phones, you need to briefly answer the question: “Why is it worth reading the story “Taras Bulba”?
8. Realization of metasubject connections
- I really liked one of your messages to a friend: “Be sure to read the story “Taras Bulba”, because it teaches you to be a real patriot and a Man with a capital letter.” Bravo! You are looking into the depths! For this, we study this work in such detail, because not a single state stands without patriots and heroes. And the Russian land still gives birth to brave and courageous guys who are ready to stand for their homeland and freedom to the end!
Message about Evgeny Rodionov(says a pre-prepared student)
Border guard Yevgeny Rodionov, just like the heroes of the story "Taras Bulba", stood for his homeland and faith to the end! The young guy was taken prisoner in February 1996. He could have survived, but in the event that he took off his pectoral cross and called himself a Muslim. "Take off the Cross! We swear by Allah, you will live!” the militants demanded. Eugene remained devoted to the Orthodox faith and his homeland, for which he was martyred. The execution took place on the feast of the Ascension of the Lord on the soldier's birthday - he turned 19 years old.Now the warrior Yevgeny Rodionov is glorified as a locally venerated saint of the Astrakhan-Enotaev Diocese in the guise of martyrs, and a temple was laid in his honor in Khankala
9. Final word of the teacher
Guys, thanks for the tutorial! I hope you grow up to be real patriots, because ... (The teacher points to the epigraph to the lesson, the children read it)
- ... a person cannot live without a homeland, just as one cannot live without a heart.
May a warm heart always beat in your chest. And I would like to finish the lesson with a poem by Konstantin Simonov (The teacher reads a poem by heart, on the screen - a fragment of "The Execution of Taras Bulba" of the film "Taras Bulba")
By the end, the heroic story is already close.
The crimson sun hangs over the steppes.
Old Taras is suffocating in the smoke,
Bolted to oak with triple chains.
We will remember Taras and sing a song,
As bullets whistled through the swirling dust,
How three tankers burned alive
Not surrendering to captivity on the Kiev Way,
We will take off our hats over the fallen more than once.
It happened to our fathers and it happens to us ...
Burning over the rapids old Taras,
And the flame wraps around a gray mustache.
10. Homework(on the screen)Analysis of the episode "Ostap kills Andriy" (according to plan, in a notebook)
Conclusion
The most important role in the educational process modern school plays the formation of a sense of patriotism in the younger generation. This work is of great importance in the socio-civil and spiritual development student's personality.
The use of this methodological development in literature lessons gives excellent results. Students not only talk about the abstract concepts of patriotism and heroism, but also see how these qualities are manifested in action. Students can see true patriots and people devoted to their faith and culture not only in the images of the heroes of Gogol's story, but also among real people. This is facilitated by the implementation of metasubject connections (a story about Evgeny Rodionov).
An open lesson “Patriotism and heroism in the story of N.V. Gogol “Taras Bulba” was held in the 7th grade of the MBOU “Tokurskaya secondary school”. Positive results have been obtained. This can be seen from the answers to the reflection question: “Why do we need to read and study the story “Taras Bulba”?
“Be sure to read the story “Taras Bulba”, because it teaches you to be a real patriot and a Man with a capital letter.”
“Read the story “Taras Bulba” to see real patriots and heroes. May they always be an example of selflessness and courage for you, because you are a future man.
"Read "Taras Bulba" to know how to live and for what you need to live and you can die."
“Be sure to read the story “Taras Bulba” in order to know who a real patriot is and to be one yourself.”
The development of this lesson can be useful to any teacher of literature who seeks not only to teach, but also to educate.
List of used literature and sources
- Erokhina E.L. Analysis of works of Russian literature. 7th grade. GEF / E.L. Erokhin. - M .: Publishing house "Exam", 2017. – 158, p.
- Egorova N.V. Pourochnye developments in literature. 7th grade. – M.: VAKO, 2015. – 400 p. - (To help the school teacher).
- Gogol N.V. Taras Bulba / A.S. Pushkin // St. Petersburg: Azbuka, 2015. - 320 p. - ill.
- Simonov K.M. Poems about the war / K.M. Simonov / / M .: Eksmo, 2010. - 336 p.
- Alabugina Yu.V. School Dictionary Russian language: more than 5000 words /Yu.V. Alabugina, E.E. Zorina. – M.: AST, 2013. – 512 p.
- https://www.pravda.ru/society/fashion/couture/07-01-2003/34229-rodionov-0/
- http://www.pravoslavie.ru/46670.html
- https://rutube.ru/video/1eea0f949c89f4cc1ccf07dc1ac8dcc7/
Annex 1
Episodes for working with text
Chapter IX (excerpt for the work of the first group)
Taras already saw that from the movement and noise in the city and was busily bustling about, building, giving out orders and instructions, placing kurens in three encampments, surrounding them with wagons in the form of fortresses - a kind of battle in which the Cossacks were invincible; he ordered two kurens to get into an ambush: he killed part of the field with sharp stakes, broken weapons, fragments of spears, in order to drive the enemy cavalry there if necessary. And when everything was done as it should be, he made a speech to the Cossacks, not in order to encourage and refresh them - he knew that they were already strong in spirit - but simply he himself wanted to express everything that was in his heart.
I would like to tell you, gentlemen, what our partnership is like. You heard from your fathers and grandfathers in what honor our land was for everyone: it let the Greeks know itself, and took gold coins from Constantinople, and the cities were magnificent, and temples, and princes, princes of the Russian family, their princes, and not Catholic incredulous . Busurmans took everything, everything was lost. Only we remained, orphans, yes, like a widow after a strong husband, orphan, just like we, our land! This is the time when we, comrades, laid a hand on the brotherhood! That's what our partnership stands for! There is no bond more holy than fellowship! A father loves his child, a mother loves her child, a child loves his father and mother. But this is not the case, brothers: even the beast loves its child. But only one person can be related by kinship by soul, and not by blood. There were comrades in other lands, but there were no such comrades as in the Russian land. It happened to you more than one to disappear in a foreign land; you see - and there are people! also a man of God, and you will talk with him as with your own; but when it comes to speaking a heartfelt word, you see: no, smart people, but not those; the same people, but not the same! No, brothers, love like the Russian soul, - love not so much with the mind or anything else, but with everything that God has given, whatever is in you, but ... - said Taras, and waved his hand, and shook gray-haired head, and blinked his mustache, and said: - No, no one can love like that! I know that vile things have now begun on our land; they only think that they have stacks of grain, stacks and their horse herds, so that their sealed honey would be intact in the cellars. They adopt the devil knows what busurman customs; they abhor their tongue; his own does not want to talk to his own; he sells his own, as they sell a soulless creature in a trading market. The mercy of a foreign king, and not even a king, but the foul mercy of a Polish magnate who beats them in the face with his yellow shoe, is dearer to them than any brotherhood. But the last bastard, whatever he is, even though he was all covered in soot and in worship, there is, brothers, a grain of Russian feeling. And someday it will wake up, and it will hit, miserable, on the floor with its hands, grab itself by the head, loudly cursing its vile life, ready to atone for the shameful deed with torments. Let them all know what partnership means in the Russian land! If it comes to that, to die, then none of them will ever die like that!.. No one, no one!
Excerpt for the work of the second group
And so they were cut! Both shoulder pads and mirrors bent from the blows. The enemy Pole cut an iron shirt on him, taking out the body with a blade: the Cossack shirt was blackened. But Shilo did not look at that, but swung his whole sinewy arm (the stocky arm was heavy) and suddenly stunned him in the head. The copper cap shattered, the Pole staggered and burst out, and Shilo began to chop and baptize the stunned one. Do not finish off the enemy, Cossack, but rather turn back! The Cossack did not turn back, and immediately one of the servants of the murdered man stabbed him in the neck with a knife. Shilo turned and already got the daredevil, but he disappeared in the powder smoke. The clapping of self-propelled guns rose from all sides. Shilo staggered and felt that the wound was fatal. He fell, laid his hand on his wound and said, turning to his comrades: "Farewell, brothers, comrades! May the Orthodox Russian land stand forever and be honored forever!" And he closed his weakened eyes, and the Cossack soul was carried out of the harsh body. And there Zadorozhny was already leaving with his people, breaking the ranks of the smoking-house Vertikhvist and performing Balagan.
What, sirs? said Taras, calling to the smokers. "Is there still gunpowder in the flasks?" Has the Cossack strength weakened? Do not the Cossacks bend?
There is still, father, gunpowder in powder flasks. The Cossack force has not weakened yet; the Cossacks do not bend yet!
And the Cossacks pushed hard: they completely mixed up all the ranks. The undersized colonel struck the collection and ordered to throw out eight painted banners in order to collect their own, scattered far across the field. All the Poles ran to the banners; but before they had time to line up, the already smoked ataman Kukubenko again struck in the middle with his non-Maykovites and attacked the fat-bellied colonel directly. The colonel could not stand it and, turning his horse, he set off at a gallop; and Kukubenko drove him far across the whole field, preventing him from joining the regiment. Seeing this from a side kuren, Stepan Guska ran up to him, with a lasso in his hand, bending his whole head to the horse's neck, and, seizing the time, threw the lasso around his neck at once. The colonel turned purple all over, seizing the rope with both hands and trying to break it, but already a hefty swing drove a disastrous lance into his very stomach. There he remained, nailed to the ground. But bad luck for Huske! Before the Cossacks had time to look back, they already saw Stepan Huska, raised on four spears. The poor man only had time to say: "Let all enemies perish and the Russian land rejoice forever and ever!" And there he gave up his spirit.
Extract for the work of the third group
So Taras was dumbfounded when he saw that it was Andriy. (...) Taras could not stand it and shouted: "How?.. Your own?.. Your own, damn son, are you beating your own?.." But Andriy did not distinguish who was in front of him, his own or what others; he saw nothing. Curls, curls he'd seen, long, long curls, and swan-like breasts, and a snowy neck and shoulders, and everything that was made for crazy kisses.
"Hey, cereal! lure me only him to the forest, lure me only him!" shouted Taras. And that same hour, thirty of the fastest Cossacks volunteered to lure him. (...) Andriy sped up on his horse and almost overtook Golokototenok, when suddenly someone's strong hand grabbed the bridle of his horse. Andriy looked around: before him was Taras! He was shaking all over and suddenly became pale...
So a schoolboy, inadvertently raising his friend and receiving a blow from him on the forehead with a ruler, flares up like fire, frantically jumps out of the shop and chases his frightened friend, ready to tear him to pieces; and suddenly runs into a teacher entering the classroom: in an instant, the mad impulse subsides and impotent rage falls. Like him, in an instant, Andriy's anger disappeared, as if it had never happened at all. And he saw before him only one terrible father.
Well, what are we going to do now? said Taras, looking directly into his eyes.
But Andrii knew nothing to say, and stood with his eyes fixed on the ground.
What, son, did your Poles help you?
Andriy was unresponsive.
So sell? sell faith? sell yours? Stop, get off your horse!
Dutifully, like a child, he dismounted from his horse and stood dead or alive in front of Taras.
Stop and don't move! I gave birth to you, I will kill you! said Taras, and, stepping back a step, took the gun from his shoulder.
Pale as a sheet was Andriy; one could see how quietly his lips moved and how he pronounced someone's name; but it was not the name of the fatherland, or mother, or brothers - it was the name of a beautiful Pole. Taras fired.
Like an ear of bread cut with a sickle, like a young lamb that sensed deadly iron under its heart, he hung his head and fell on the grass without saying a single word.
The son-killer stopped and looked for a long time at the lifeless corpse. Even dead he was beautiful: his courageous face, recently filled with strength and invincible charm for wives, still expressed wonderful beauty; black eyebrows, like mourning velvet, set off his pale features.
What would a Cossack be? - said Taras, - and a tall figure, and black-browed, and a face like that of a nobleman, and his hand was strong in battle! Gone, gone ingloriously, like a vile dog!
Chapter XI (excerpt for the fourth work)
The crowd suddenly became noisy, and voices were heard from all sides: “They are leading ... they are leading! .. Cossacks! ..”
They walked with open heads, with long forelocks; their beards were let go. They walked not timidly, not sullenly, but with a kind of quiet pride; their dresses of expensive cloth were worn out and dangled from them in tattered rags; they did not look or bow to the people. Ostap was ahead of everyone.
What did old Taras feel when he saw his Ostap? What was in his heart then? He looked at him from the crowd and did not utter a single movement of his. They have already approached the place of execution. Ostap stopped. He was the first to drink this heavy cup. He looked at his people, raised his hand and said loudly:
God grant that all heretics, whatever they may be, do not hear, the impious, how a Christian is tormented! not one of us utter a single word!
After that, he approached the scaffold.
Good, son, good! - Bulba said softly and stuck his gray head on the ground.
The executioner pulled off his shabby rags; his hands and feet were tied into specially made machines, and ... Let's not embarrass readers with a picture of hellish torments, from which their hair would rise on end. They were the offspring of the then rude, ferocious age, when a person still led a bloody life of some military exploits and tempered his soul in it, not sensing humanity. In vain did some, a few, who were exceptions from the century, opposed these terrible measures. In vain did the king and many knights, enlightened in mind and soul, imagine that such cruelty of punishment could only kindle the vengeance of the Cossack nation. But the power of the king and clever opinions was nothing before the disorder and the impudent will of the state magnates, who, by their thoughtlessness, incomprehensible lack of any foresight, childish pride and insignificant pride, turned the Diet into a satire of government. Ostap endured torment and torture like a giant. Neither a cry nor a groan was heard even when they began to break the bones on his arms and legs, when their terrible crackling was heard among the dead crowd by distant spectators, when the lady ladies turned away their eyes, nothing like a groan escaped from their lips. him, his face did not tremble. Taras stood in the crowd, bowing his head and at the same time proudly raising his eyes, and only saying approvingly: "Good, son, good!"
But when they brought him to the last mortal torments, it seemed as if his strength began to flow. And he moved his eyes around him: God, all the unknown, all the faces of strangers! If only one of his relatives was present at his death! He would not like to hear the weeping and lamentations of a weak mother, or the insane cries of a wife tearing out her hair and beating her white breasts; he would now like to see a firm husband who would refresh him with a reasonable word and console him at his death. And he fell with strength and exclaimed in spiritual weakness:
Batko! where are you! Do you hear?
I hear! resounded in the midst of the general silence, and all of a million people shuddered at the same time.
Application No. 2
"Order form" for working with text
Order Form No. |
||
Order | Answer | Execute neno |
Where do we see the patriotism of the heroes (words, deeds)? | ||
How heroism is shown - highest degree patriotism? | ||
What linguistic means does the writer use to convey the patriotism and heroism of the heroes? | ||
Annex 3
For dynamic pause
- The arrival of the sons of Bulba home.
- They go to the Zaporizhzhya Sich.
- The life of the Cossacks in the Sich.
- News about the hetmanate. The Cossacks are leaving the Sich.
- Andriy helps a beautiful Polish girl.
- Andriy's transition to the side of the Poles.
- Help comes to the Polish city. Bulba learns about Andriy's betrayal. The battle ends with the defeat of the Poles.
- Separation of the Cossacks. Bulba's speech about partnership.
- Battle. Taras kills Andriy. Ostap is captured.
- Bulba goes to Yankel to bring him to Poland to Ostap.
- The execution of Ostap.
- Death of Taras Bulba.
The fate of the people, which worried A. S. Pushkin and M. Yu. Lermontov, became a source of inspiration for N. V. Gogol.
In his story, Gogol managed to recreate the epic power and greatness of the struggle of the Ukrainian people for their national independence and, at the same time, reveal historical tragedy this fight. The epic basis of the story"Taras Bulba" became the national unity of the Ukrainian people, formed in the struggle against foreign enslavers, as well as the fact that Gogol, depicting the past, rose to a world-historical point of view on the fate of an entire people. With deep sympathy, Gogol illuminates the heroic deeds of the Cossacks, creating the heroically powerful characters of Taras Bulba and other Cossacks, showing their devotion to the motherland, courage, breadth of nature. Taras Bulba - main character story.
This is an exceptional personality, which reflects best qualities not some separate group, but the entire Cossacks as a whole. This is a powerful man - with an iron will, a generous soul and indomitable hatred for the enemies of his homeland. According to the author, for Taras Bulba, folk hero and the leader, stands "the whole nation, for the patience of the people has overflowed, - it has risen to avenge the ridicule of its rights." With his feats of arms, Taras has long earned the right to rest. But around the sacred borders of his land, a hostile sea of social passions is raging, and this does not give him rest. Above all, Taras Bulba puts love for the fatherland.
The cause of the whole people becomes his personal affair, without which he cannot imagine his life. He also equips his sons, who have just graduated from the Kyiv bursa, to defend their homeland.
They, like Taras Bulba, are alien to petty selfish desires, selfishness or greed. Like Taras, they despise death. These people have one great goal - to strengthen the partnership that unites them, to protect their homeland and faith. They live like heroes and die like giants. The story "Taras Bulba"- folk-heroic epic.
In the fates of her main actors one of the largest events in the history of the Russian land is recreated. Before the story of N.V. Gogol, there were no such bright, expressive and powerful people from the people's environment in Russian literature as Taras Bulba, his sons Ostap and Andriy, and other Cossacks. In the person of Gogol, Russian literature took a huge step forward in portraying the people as a mighty force in the historical process.
The fate of the people, which worried A. S. Pushkin and M. Yu. Lermontov, became a source of inspiration for N. V. Gogol. In his story, Gogol managed to recreate the epic power and greatness of the struggle of the Ukrainian people for their national independence and, at the same time, reveal the historical tragedy of this struggle.
The epic basis of the story "Taras Bulba" was the national unity of the Ukrainian people, formed in the struggle against foreign enslavers, as well as the fact that Gogol, depicting the past, rose to a world-historical point of view on the fate of the whole people. With deep sympathy, Gogol illuminates the heroic deeds of the Cossacks, creating the heroically powerful characters of Taras Bulba and other Cossacks, showing their devotion to the motherland, courage, breadth of nature. Taras Bulba is the main character of the story. This is an exceptional personality, which reflects the best qualities not of any particular group, but of the entire Cossacks as a whole. This is a powerful man - with an iron will, a generous soul and indomitable hatred for the enemies of his homeland. According to the author, behind Taras Bulba, a folk hero and leader, stands "the whole nation, for the patience of the people was overwhelmed - it rose to avenge the ridicule of its rights." With his feats of arms, Taras has long earned the right to rest. But around the sacred borders of his land, a hostile sea of social passions is raging, and this does not give him rest. Above all, Taras Bulba puts love for the fatherland. The cause of the whole people becomes his personal affair, without which he cannot imagine his life. He also equips his sons, who have just graduated from the Kyiv bursa, to defend their homeland. They, like Taras Bulba, are alien to petty selfish desires, selfishness or greed. Like Taras, they despise death. These people have one great goal - to strengthen the partnership that unites them, to protect their homeland and faith. They live like heroes and die like giants.
The story "Taras Bulba" is a folk-heroic epic. One of the biggest events in the history of the Russian land is recreated in the fates of its main characters. Before the story of N.V. Gogol, there were no such bright, expressive and powerful people from the people's environment in Russian literature as Taras Bulba, his sons Ostap and Andriy, and other Cossacks. In the person of Gogol, Russian literature took a huge step forward in portraying the people as a mighty force in the historical process.
"Taras Bulba" is a story dedicated to the pages of the history of the people. Its main character, Taras Tuber, became the embodiment of the best character traits of a person of that era. This is a Zaporozhye colonel who embodied the best features of the Cossacks. Taras Bulba -...
Which of the heroes of Gogol's story "Taras Bulba" did I like more? Gogol's story "Taras Bulba" tells about heroic deeds Zaporizhzhya Cossacks defending the Russian land from enemies. I liked this story very much. Most in the story...
The story of Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol "Taras Bulba", a tragic and instructive story familiar to many from school literature lessons, was filmed by the famous film director Vladimir Bortko. And, as always with the film adaptation of this or that ...
The fate of the people, which worried A. S. Pushkin and M. Yu. Lermontov, became a source of inspiration for N. V. Gogol. In his story, Gogol managed to recreate the epic power and greatness of the struggle of the Ukrainian people for their national independence and at the same time...
TARAS BULBA - the hero of the story by N.V. Gogol "Taras Bulba" (first edition 1835, second - 1842). Historical prototypes of the image of T.B.- eminent figures of the national liberation movement of Ukraine in the XV-XVII centuries: Nalivaiko, Loboda, Taras Tryasylo, Gunya, Ostranitsa....
Subject: Patriotism and heroism in the story of N.V. Gogol "Taras Bulba"
Class: 7
Lesson Objectives:
subject:
To form the skills of analyzing the text of a literary work;
Update knowledge about the concepts of heroism and patriotism;
See how the heroism and patriotism of the Cossacks are shown in the text of the story.
metasubject:
To control such general educational skills as the ability to work with a dictionary, the ability to draw up diagrams, generalize;
Develop the ability to work with text: find the right material, compare and compare, draw conclusions;
To form skills for independent cognitive activity;
Hone the ability to argue your position;
To cultivate love for the history of the Motherland, a sense of patriotism and national pride through the artistic word.
Lesson type: combined.
A person cannot live without a homeland, just as one cannot live without a heart.
K. G. Paustovsky
LESSON STAGES
Screening of a fragment of the film adaptation of the story "Taras Bulba" directed by V. Bortko (from 35:37 - 41:47)Front poll:
What episode of the story is depicted in it?
What are the origins of the conflict between Poles and Ukrainian Cossacks?
What is the idea of the piece?
Viewing a fragment of the film.
Answers on questions:
The ataman decides to go to Poland in order to avenge all the evil caused by the enemies, and for the disgrace of the Orthodox faith.
The Orthodox population of the Commonwealth refused to accept the union and, as a result, the supremacy of the Pope and the Catholic Church. The Poles began to persecute the dissatisfied, and by the end of the 16th century, the mass of the Ukrainian population began to perceive the Polish Catholic gentry as their main enemy.
Show the true defenders of the Christian faith and the Orthodox Church, brave fighters for national independence. In the second edition of the story, the writer emphasized the idea of the unity of the Russian and Ukrainian people.
Checking d / z
Survey
Topic entry
Goal setting
Patriotism is love for the Motherland, devotion to one's Fatherland, people.
Heroism -
1) courage, resilience, selflessness, shown in a critical situation;
2) the ability to accomplish a feat; the highest expression of patriotism.
Now try to determine the topic (Depiction of patriotism and heroism in the story "Taras Bulba")
Work on the topic of the lesson
1. Teacher's word
Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol in his work glorifies the Cossacks - brave and courageous warriors, true patriots. Today, our main goal is to see in what actions the patriotism and heroism of the Cossacks - the heroes of the story - are manifested.
The time shown in the story is incredibly difficult: with fire and sword, the gentry tried to subjugate and “Polish” the Ukrainian people. But it is no coincidence that they say that harsh times give birth to strong characters.
2. Let's remember what the Cossacks fought for. Exercise"cluster".
From this, the concept of the Motherland developed for the Cossacks. Do you think these are worthy goals?
3. There are many aphorisms in the text, which we still use in speech today. One part is written on one half of the board, the second on the other (hidden).
4. Task "order form".
Guys, in order to achieve the goal of our lesson, we need to turn to the text of the story, pay attention to the handout on your desks. You will work with these episodes of the story in pairs. Order - these are questions that you must answer while working with the text.
Our task is to combine the knowledge "obtained" in the lesson, to collect them together.
Where do we see the patriotism and heroism of the heroes of the story?
6. Creative task "SMS to a friend."
On the screens of your paper phones, you need to briefly answer the question: “Why is it worth reading the story “Taras Bulba”?
Grading.
Work in pairs.
Reading fragments.
Filling out forms.
In selfless love for their Motherland (“No one can love like a Russian soul”
In faithful fellowship (“There is no bond more holy than fellowship!”
In an unshakable faith in the strength and power of their Motherland (“Let the Orthodox Russian land stand forever and be honored forever!”
In an effort to protect their freedom, faith, family, customs, culture
In a valiant and courageous battle with enemies (“Let all enemies perish and the Russian land rejoice forever!”
In rejection and unforgiveness of betrayal (“I gave birth to you, I will kill you!”
In fearlessness, put your life for the good of the Motherland;
In the ability to endure terrible torment and not make a sound (“... Nothing like a groan escaped from his mouth, his face did not tremble.”
Carry out the task. Those who wish to read the answers.
Students hand over order forms, reflection.
Lesson summary
Vl.Kushner: "Times are not chosen ... They live and die in them."
Every era has its heroes.
Work with the epigraph of the lesson.
And I would like to finish the lesson with a verse by Konstantin Simonov.
A fragment of the film "The Execution of Taras Bulba" is on the screen.
(2 :03:30-2:07:30)
By the end, the heroic story is already close.
The crimson sun hangs over the steppes.
Old Taras is suffocating in the smoke,
Bolted to oak with triple chains.
We will remember Taras and sing a song,
As bullets whistled through the swirling dust,
How three tankers burned alive
Not surrendering to captivity on the Kiev Way,
We will take off our hats over the fallen more than once.
It happened to our fathers and it happens to us ...
Burning over the rapids old Taras,
And the flame wraps around a gray mustache.
Homework
1. Solve the crossword.
2. Essay:What made me think about the story of N.V. Gogol "Taras Bulba"? (optional)
Reflection
Students are invited to evaluate their work in the lesson, their mood by painting over the battery indicators.
CROSSWORD
Horizontally:
1. The item that the mother gave to her children before separation?
2. Name the clay mug differently.
3. What is a "stalk"?
Vertically:
4. What are pundiki?
5. The subject on which the soldiers wrote their motto, call?
6. What is an eyeglass?
