Yevgeny Alexandrovich Yevtushenko (at birth - Gangnus). Born July 18, 1932 in Zima, Irkutsk Region - died April 1, 2017 in Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA. Soviet and Russian poet.
Evgeny Yevtushenko was born on July 18, 1932 in Zima, Irkutsk region. According to other sources - in Nizhneudinsk.
Father - geologist and amateur poet Alexander Rudolfovich Gangnus (Baltic German by origin) (1910-1976).
Mother - Zinaida Ermolaevna Yevtushenko (1910-2002), geologist, actress, Honored Worker of Culture of the RSFSR.
In 1944, upon returning from evacuation from the Zima station to Moscow, the mother changed her son's surname to her maiden one. When filling out documents for changing the surname, a mistake was deliberately made in the date of birth: they wrote down 1933 so as not to receive a pass, which was supposed to be at the age of 12.
He began to publish in 1949, the first poem was published in the newspaper "Soviet Sport".
From 1952 to 1957 he studied at the Literary Institute. M. Gorky. He was expelled for "disciplinary sanctions", as well as for supporting Dudintsev's novel "Not by Bread Alone".
In 1952, the first book of poems, Scouts of the Future, was published - later the author rated it as youthful and immature.
In 1952 he became the youngest member of the Union of Writers of the USSR, bypassing the stage of a candidate member of the Union.
“I was admitted to the Literary Institute without a matriculation certificate and almost simultaneously to the Writers' Union, in both cases my book was considered sufficient reason. But I knew her value. And I wanted to write differently,” he said.
The 1950s, which were the time of a poetic boom, entered the arena of immense popularity, R. Rozhdestvensky, E. Yevtushenko. The performances of these authors gathered huge stadiums, and the poetry of the "thaw" period soon began to be called pop.
In subsequent years, he published several collections that gained great popularity: Third Snow (1955), Highway of Enthusiasts (1956), Promise (1957), Poems different years"(1959), "Apple" (1960), "Tenderness" (1962), "Wave of the Hand" (1962).
One of the symbols of the thaw was the evenings in the Large Auditorium of the Polytechnic Museum, in which Yevtushenko also took part along with Robert Rozhdestvensky, Bella Akhmadulina, Bulat Okudzhava and other poets of the wave of the 1960s.
His works are distinguished by a wide range of moods and genre diversity. The first lines from the pretentious introduction to the poem "Bratskaya HPP" (1965): "A poet in Russia is more than a poet" - a manifesto of Yevtushenko's own creativity and a catchphrase that has steadily come into use. The poet is not alien to subtle and intimate lyrics: the poem “A dog used to sleep at the feet” (1955). In the poem "Northern Surcharge" (1977) he composes a real ode to beer. Several poems and cycles of poems are devoted to foreign and anti-war topics: "Under the Skin of the Statue of Liberty", "Corrida", "Italian Cycle", "The Pigeon in Santiago", "Mother and the Neutron Bomb".
Yevtushenko's excessive success was facilitated by the simplicity and accessibility of his poems, as well as the scandals that were often raised by criticism around his name.
The literary style and manner of Yevtushenko provided an extensive field of activity for criticism. He was often reproached for doxology, pathos rhetoric and covert self-praise.
“Self-glorification cannot take the form of calm, self-confident self-admiration, nor can it be an expression of an authentic personality. Ambitions are exceptionally great and have long surpassed the scale of talent. The genre turns out to be fiercely polemical in every word, in every statement, and most importantly, the speaker cannot stop for a minute; having entered into a dispute with time and the world, he is forced to continuously manifest,” wrote literary critic Nikolai Gladkikh about his poem “Fuku!”.
Counting on a journalistic effect, Yevtushenko then chose for his poems themes of the party's current policy, for example, "Stalin's Heirs" ("Pravda", 10/21/1962) or "Bratskaya Hydroelectric Power Station" (1965). Or addressed them to a critical public (eg, Babi Yar, 1961, or Ballad of Poaching, 1965).
In 1962, the Pravda newspaper published the well-known poem "Stalin's Heirs" dedicated to the removal of Stalin's body from the mausoleum. His other works "Babi Yar" (1961), "Letter to Yesenin" (1965), "Tanks go through Prague" (1968) also caused a great resonance. Despite such a frank challenge to the then authorities, the poet continued to publish, travel throughout the country and abroad. Yevgeny Yevtushenko is published in those who were reputed to be oppositionists in Soviet time magazines "Youth" (he was also a member of the editorial board of this magazine), "New World", "Banner".
In 1963 he was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature.
08/23/1968, two days after the introduction of tanks into Czechoslovakia, he wrote a protest poem: “Tanks are moving through Prague” (1968).
His speeches in support of the Soviet dissidents Brodsky, Solzhenitsyn, Daniel became famous. Despite this, Joseph Brodsky did not like Yevtushenko (according to Sergei Dovlatov, his catchphrase “If Yevtushenko is against collective farms, then I am for it”) and sharply criticized the election of Yevtushenko as an honorary member of the American Academy of Arts and Letters in 1987.
In a 1972 interview published in October 2013, the Nobel Prize winner spoke extremely negatively about Yevtushenko as a poet and a person: “Yevtushenko? You know, it's not that simple. He is, of course, a very bad poet. And he's an even worse person. This is such a huge factory for the reproduction of oneself. According to the reproduction of himself ... He has poems that, in general, you can even remember, love, you can like them. I just don't like the level of the whole thing. That is, basically. The main such... the spirit does not like this. It just sucks."
Yevtushenko's stage performances gained fame: he successfully reads his own works. He released several CDs and audiobooks in his own performance: "Berry Places", "Dove in Santiago" and others.
From 1986 to 1991 he was the Secretary of the Board of the Writers' Union of the USSR. Since December 1991 - Secretary of the Board of the Commonwealth of Writers' Unions. Since 1989 - co-chairman of the writers' association "April". Since 1988 he has been a member of the Memorial Society.
On May 14, 1989, with a huge margin, gaining 19 times more votes than the nearest candidate, he was elected people's deputy USSR from the Dzerzhinsky territorial constituency of the city of Kharkov and was it until the end of the existence of the USSR.
In 1990, he became co-chairman of the All-Union Association of Writers in Support of Perestroika "April".
In 1991, having signed a contract with the American University in Tulsa, Oklahoma, he left with his family to teach in the United States, where he currently lives.
In 2007, the Olympiysky Sports Complex hosted the premiere of the rock opera White Snows Are Falling, created to the lyrics of Yevgeny Yevtushenko by composer Gleb May.
Some sources attribute P.A. Sudoplatov's statement that E. A. Yevtushenko collaborated with the KGB, acting as an "agent of influence". However, in the memoirs of Sudoplatov himself, this is described as a recommendation from Sudoplatov’s wife, a former intelligence officer, who turned to her for advice to KGB officers regarding Yevtushenko: “to establish friendly confidential contacts with him, in no case recruit him as an informant.”
On July 18, 2010, Yevtushenko opened a museum-gallery in Peredelkino near Moscow, coinciding this event with his birthday. The museum presents a personal collection of paintings donated to Yevtushenko by famous artists - Chagall, Picasso. There is a rare painting by Ernst, one of the founders of surrealism. The museum operates in a building specially built next to the poet's dacha.
The growth of Evgeny Yevtushenko: 177 centimeters.
Personal life of Yevgeny Yevtushenko:
Yevgeny Yevtushenko was officially married 4 times.
The first wife is a poetess. They have been married since 1954.
The second wife is Galina Semyonovna Sokol-Lukonina. Married since 1961.
The third wife is Jen Butler, Irish, his passionate admirer. They have been married since 1978. Sons Alexander and Anton were born in marriage.
The fourth wife is Maria Vladimirovna Novikova (born 1962). Married since 1987. The couple had sons Evgeny and Dmitry.
Illness and death of Yevgeny Yevtushenko
In 2013, the poet underwent a complex operation. In the USA, in a clinic in the city of Tulsa (Oklahoma), 81-year-old Evgeny Alexandrovich had his right leg amputated. Yevtushenko's leg problems began back in 1997. His ankle joint wore out, and he was given a titanium one. At first, everything went well, but then the poet began to suffer unbearable pain - it turned out that the titanium joint in the leg did not take root. In the end, the situation went so far that the doctors had to amputate the limb.
On December 14, 2014, during a tour in Rostov-on-Don, Yevgeny Yevtushenko was hospitalized due to a sharp deterioration in his health. Then the poet was transferred to the Burdenko Neurosurgery Research Institute, and then to the Central Clinical Hospital of the Presidential Administration in Moscow. Then the poet ended up in the hospital after he slipped and broke his head while getting out of the bathroom. In addition, the press also reported that Yevtushenko's hospitalization was directly related to suspected acute heart failure and a fracture of the temporal bone.
In August 2015, in Moscow, doctors at the Central Clinical Military Hospital named after P.V. Mandryk performed an operation on Yevtushenko’s heart. To eliminate problems with the heart rhythm, the poet was given a pacemaker during the operation.
On March 31, 2017, the poet was hospitalized in serious condition. "Yevgeny Alexandrovich was hospitalized in serious condition, I can't talk about the details yet. I can only say that this is not a planned examination," said wife Maria Novikova.
According to relatives and friends, "He had cancer in an irreversible form. After studying the tests, the doctors gave him three months to live, but he lived less than a month," said Mikhail Morgulis, a close family friend. This diagnosis was made by American doctors about six years ago. Then the poet underwent surgery and part of the kidney was removed. A month before his death, doctors diagnosed the fourth, last stage of cancer.
“He left calmly enough, painlessly. I held his hand for about an hour before his death. He knew that we loved,” said the son of the writer Eugene.
The poet left a will in which he expressed his desire to be buried at the Peredelkino cemetery next to Boris Pasternak.
April 10 passed in the church of the Holy Right-Believing Prince Igor of Chernigov in Peredelkino. The funeral service was performed by the former head of the press service of the Patriarch of Moscow and All Rus', rector of the Church of the Holy Martyr Tatiana at Moscow State University, publicist and literary critic Vladimir Vigilyansky.
Poems by Yevgeny Yevtushenko:
1953-1956 - "Station Winter"
1961 - Babi Yar
1965 - Bratskaya HPP
1965 - "Pushkin Pass"
1967 - "Corrida"
1968 - "Under the Skin of the Statue of Liberty"
1970 - "Kazan University"
1971 - "Where are you from?"
1974 - "Snow in Tokyo"
1976 - "Ivanovskie chintz"
1977 - "Northern allowance"
1974-1978 - "Dove in Santiago"
1980 - "Nepryadva"
1982 - "Mom and the Neutron Bomb"
1984 - "Distant relative"
1985 - "Fuku!"
1996 - "Thirteen"
1996-2000 - "In full growth"
1975-2000 - Clearing
2011 - "Dora Franco"
Novels by Yevgeny Yevtushenko:
1982 - "Berry Places"
1993 - "Don't die before you die"
Collections of poems by Yevgeny Yevtushenko:
1952 - Scouts of the Future;
1955 - "The Third Snow";
1956 - "Highway of Enthusiasts";
1957 - "Promise";
1959 - "Bow and lyre";
1959 - "Poems of different years";
1960 - "Apple";
1962 - "Wave of the hand";
1962 - "Tenderness";
1965 - Bratskaya HPP;
1966 - "Communication Boat";
1966 - "Kachka";
1966 - “This is what is happening to me”;
1967 - "Poems and poem" Bratskaya HPP "";
1967 - "Poems";
1969 - "White snows are coming";
1971 - "I am a Siberian breed";
1971 - "Kazan University";
1972 - "The Singing Dam";
1972 - "Road No. 1";
1973 - "Intimate Lyrics";
1973 - "A poet in Russia is more than a poet";
1975 - "Father's rumor";
1976 - "Thank you";
1977 - "In full growth";
1977 - "Clearing";
1978 - "Morning people";
1978 - "The Oath to Space";
1978 - "Compromise Compromise";
1979 - "Heavier than the earth";
1980 - "Explosion welding";
1981 - "Poems";
1982 - "Two pairs of skis";
1983 - ""Mom and the neutron bomb" and other poems";
1983 - "Where am I from";
1985 - "Almost in the end";
1986 - "Poltravinochki";
1987 - "Tomorrow's Wind";
1987 - "Poems";
1988 - "Last attempt";
1989 - "1989";
1989 - "Citizens, listen to me";
1989 - "Beloved, sleep";
1990 - "Green Gate";
1990 - "Last attempt";
1990 - "Belarusian Blood";
1990 - "Poems and poems";
1993 - "No years: love lyrics";
1994 - "My Golden Mystery";
1995 - "My most-most";
1995 - "Last Tears";
1997 - "Slow Love";
1997 - "Nevilivashka";
1999 - "Stolen Apples";
2001 - “I will break into the XXI century ...”;
2007 - "Window overlooks the white trees";
2007 - "Hymn of Russia";
2008 - "Poems of the XXI century";
2009 - "My football game";
2011 - "You can still save";
2012 - "Happiness and retribution";
2013 - "I can't say goodbye"
Songs of Yevgeny Yevtushenko:
“And yet there is something in our people” (Al. Karelin) - performed by Nat. Moskvin;
“And the snow will fall” (G. Ponomarenko) - Spanish. Claudia Shulzhenko;
“And the snow will fall” (D. Tukhmanov) - Spanish. Muslim Magomaev;
"Grandmothers" (Al. Karelin) - Spanish. M. Zadornov and Nat. Moskvin;
"The Ballad of Friendship" (E. Krylatov);
"Ballad about the fishing village of Ayu" (Yu. Saulsky) - Spanish. A. Gradsky;
“Even applying all forces” (A. Pugacheva) - Spanish. Alla Pugacheva;
“You will love me” (N. Martynov) - Spanish. Viktor Krivonos;
"Eyes of Love" ("There's Always a Female Hand") (Brandon Stone) - Spanish. Brandon Stone;
"Eyes of Love" ("There will always be a female hand") (Mikael Tariverdiev) - Spanish. Galina Besedina;
"God forbid" (Raymond Pauls) - Spanish. A. Malinin;
"Dolphins" (Yu. Saulsky) - Spanish. VIA "Watercolors";
"Child is a villain" (group "Dialogue") - Spanish. Kim Breitburg (gr. "Dialogue");
"Envy" (V. Makhlyankin) - Spanish. Valentin Nikulin;
"Fawning" (I. Talkov) - Spanish. Igor Talkov; (group "Dialogue") - Spanish. Kim Breitburg (gr. "Dialogue");
"Spell" (I. Luchenok) - Spanish. Viktor Vujacic;
"Spell" (E. Horovets) - Spanish. Emil Gorovets;
“Will the clover field make noise” (E. Krylatov) - Spanish. Eduard Khil, Lyudmila Gurchenko;
“Like a hollow ear” (V. Makhlyankin) - Spanish. Valentin Nikulin;
"Sound Recording Kiosk" (group "Dialog") - Spanish. Kim Breitburg (gr. "Dialogue");
"When the bells ring" (V. Pleshak) - Spanish. Edward Khil;
"When Your Face Came Up" (Brandon Stone);
“When a man is forty years old” (I. Nikolaev) - Spanish. Alexander Kalyanov;
“When a man comes to Russia” (Al. Karelin) - Spanish. Nat. Moskvin;
“When a person betrays a person” (E. Krylatov) - Spanish. Gennady Trofimov;
“I understood something in this life” (E. Gorovets) - Spanish. Emil Gorovets;
"Bell" (Al. Karelin) - Spanish. Nat. Moskvin;
Wallet (Brandon Stone);
"Beloved, sleep" (D. Tukhmanov) - Spanish. Valery Obodzinsky, Leonid Berger (Vesyolye Rebyata VIA), A. Gradsky;
“Love is a child of the planet” (D. Tukhmanov) - Spanish. VIA "Merry guys";
“There are no uninteresting people in the world” (V. Makhlyankin) - Spanish. Shaft. Nikulin;
"Metamorphoses" (Al. Karelin) - Spanish. M. Zadornov and Nat. Moskvin;
"Our difficult soviet man"(A. Babajanyan) - Spanish. Georg Ots, Muslim Magomaev;
“Do not be afraid” (E. Krylatov) - Spanish. Gennady Trofimov;
"Do not rush" (A. Babajanyan) - Spanish. Muslim Magomayev, Anna German;
"No Years" (Sergey Nikitin);
“Am I really mortal” (S. Nikitin, P. I. Tchaikovsky);
"No one" (Yu. Saulsky) - Spanish. Zaur Tutov, A. Gradsky;
"Russian Songs" (Al. Karelin) - Spanish. Nat. Moskvin;
“My Song” (E. Krylatov) - Spanish. Gene. Trofimov;
"Lament for a brother" (S. Nikitin);
"Lament for a communal apartment" (Louiza Khmelnitskaya) - Spanish. Gelena Velikanova, Joseph Kobzon;
“Under the creaky, weeping willow (“How to make your beloved happy”)” (G. Movsesyan) - Spanish. Georgy Movsesyan, Joseph Kobzon;
“Let me hope” (A. Babajanyan) - Spanish. Vladimir Popkov;
"Recognition" (Yu. Saulsky) - Spanish. Sofia Rotaru, Ksenia Georgiadi;
"The Princess and the Pea" (Al. Karelin) - Spanish. Nat. Moskvin;
“A simple song of Bulat” (Al. Karelin) - Spanish. Nat. Moskvin;
"Professor" (group "Dialogue") - Spanish. Kim Breitburg (gr. "Dialogue");
"Child" (Al. Karelin) - Spanish. M. Zadornov and Nat. Moskvin;
"Motherland" (B. Terentiev) - Spanish. VIA "Blue Bird";
"Spring" (Al. Karelin) - Spanish. Nat. Moskvin;
"Romance" (E. Gorovets) - Spanish. Emil Gorovets;
"Fresh smell of lindens" (I. Nikolaev) - Spanish. A. Kalyanov;
"Save and Save" (E. Krylatov) - Spanish. Valentina Tolkunova;
"Old friend" (I. Nikolaev) - Spanish. A. Kalyanov;
"Your footprints" (Arno Babajanyan) - Spanish. People Zykina, Sofia Rotaru;
"Til" (A. Petrov) - Spanish. Ed. Gil;
“You are leaving like a train” (M. Tariverdiev) - Spanish. VIA "Singing Guitars";
"By the Sea" (B. Emelyanov) - Spanish. Vakhtang Kikabidze;
“Beloved leaves” (V. Makhlyankin) - Spanish. Shaft. Nikulin;
“The Church must be prayed for” (Al. Karelin) - Spanish. Nat. Moskvin;
"Ferris Wheel" (Arno Babajanyan) - Spanish. Muslim Magomaev;
“What love knows about love” (A. Eshpay) - Spanish. Ludmila Gurchenko;
"I am a citizen Soviet Union"(D. Tukhmanov) - Spanish. Muslim Magomaev;
“I love you more than nature” (R. Pauls) - Spanish. Irina Dubtsova;
“I fell out of love with you” (V. Makhlyankin) - Spanish. Shaft. Nikulin;
“I want to bring” (E. Krylatov) - Spanish. Gennady Trofimov;
"The river is running" - Spanish. People Zykina, Lyudmila Senchina, Maria Pakhomenko;
"Waltz about the Waltz" - Spanish. Claudia Shulzhenko, Maya Kristalinskaya;
"Long farewell" - Spanish. Lev Leshchenko;
"White snows are coming" - Spanish. Gelena Velikanova, V. Troshin;
"Sooner or Later" - Spanish. V. Troshin;
"My Motherland" - Spanish. People Zykin;
"Old Tango" - Spanish. Vit. Markov, Iosif Kobzon;
"Comrade guitar" - Spanish. Claudia Shulzhenko;
"Murderers walk the earth" - Spanish. Arthur Eisen, Mark Bernes, Alexandrov Ensemble;
"Do the Russians want wars?" (dedicated to Mark Bernes) - Spanish. Yuri Gulyaev, Mark Bernes, Vad. Ruslanov
Filmography of Yevgeny Yevtushenko:
Actor:
1965 - "Ilyich's Outpost" (Yevtushenko appears in a documentary insert about a poetry evening at the Polytechnic Museum)
1979 - "Rise" - K. E. Tsiolkovsky
1983 - " Kindergarten» - chess player
1990 - "Stalin's Funeral" - sculptor
Director:
1983 - "Kindergarten"
1990 - Stalin's Funeral
Screenwriter:
1964 - "I am Cuba" (with Enrique Pineda Barnet)
1990 - Stalin's Funeral
Songs:
1961 - "The Career of Dima Gorin". The song "And it's snowing" (Andrey Eshpay) - Spanish. Maya Kristalinskaya. The song was also performed by Zhanna Aguzarova, Anzhelika Varum;
1975 - "The Irony of Fate, or Enjoy Your Bath!", directed by Eldar Ryazanov. The song “This is what is happening to me ...” (Mikael Tariverdiev - performed by S. Nikitin);
1977 - "Office Romance", directed by Eldar Ryazanov. The song "We are chatting in crowded trams ..." Andrey Petrov;
1977-1978 - songs from the series "And it's all about him" (based on the novel by Vilya Lipatov). Music by E. Krylatov: "Alder Earring" - Spanish. Gennady Trofimov, Eduard Khil;
"Don't be afraid" - Spanish. A. Kavalerov;
"Steps" - Spanish. Gene. Trofimov;
1981 - In the sky "night witches". The song "When you sing songs on Earth ..." (E. Krylatov) - Spanish. Elena Kamburova.
The legendary writer Yevgeny Yevtushenko was born in Siberia in 1932, and from birth, his whole life was associated with change. Eugene's mother, Zinaida Ivanovna, changed her husband's surname to her maiden name and recorded her son as Yevtushenko. This is not surprising. The head of the family, Alexander Rudolfovich, was half German, half Baltic and bore the surname Gangnus. A little later, during the evacuation of the Great Patriotic War In order to avoid problems with documents, the mother had to change the year in Eugene's birth certificate to 1933.
Yevgeny Yevtushenko grew up in a creative family: his father was an amateur poet, and his mother was an actress, who later received the title of Honored Worker of Culture of the RSFSR. From an early age, his parents instilled in him a love of books: they read aloud, recounted amusing facts from history, teaching the child to read. So, at the age of six, dad taught little Zhenya to read and write. For his development, little Yevtushenko chose not at all children's authors, reading the works of Cervantes and Flaubert.
In 1944, Evgeny's family moved to Moscow, and after a while his father left the family and went to another woman. At the same time, Alexander Rudolfovich continues to work literary development son. Eugene studied at the poetry studio of the House of Pioneers, attending poetry evenings at Moscow State University with his father. Yevtushenko visited creative evenings, Alexander Tvardovsky,. And the mother, being a soloist of the theater. , often collected the houses of artists and poets. Mikhail Roshchin, Evgeny Vinokurov, Vladimir Sokolov and others came to visit little Zhenya.
Poetry
In such a creative atmosphere, young Zhenya was developed beyond his years and tried to imitate adults, also writing poetry. In 1949, Yevtushenko's poem was first published in one of the issues of the Soviet Sport newspaper.
In 1951, Eugene entered the Gorky Literary Institute and was soon expelled for not attending lectures, but true reason covered in public statements, unacceptable for that time. By the way, Yevtushenko received a diploma of higher education only in 2001.
Absence higher education did not prevent the young talent from achieving success in creativity. In 1952, the first collection "Scouts of the Future" was published, consisting of praising poems and pathos slogans. And the start of a serious career as a poet was given by the poems "Before the meeting" and "Vagon". In the same year, Yevtushenko was accepted into the Writers' Union of the USSR, and the twenty-year-old boy became the youngest member of the organization.
The real fame of the young poet is brought by such works as "The Third Snow", "Poems of Different Years" and "Apple". In just a few years, Yevgeny Yevtushenko achieves such recognition that he is invited to speak at poetry evenings. The young poet read his poems along with such legends as, and Bella Akhmadulina.
In addition to poetry, prose, which was loved by readers, came out from under his pen. The first work "The Fourth Meshchanskaya" was published in 1959 in the magazine "Youth", later the second story "The Chicken God" was published. Yevtushenko released his first novel, Berry Places, in 1982, and his next, Don't Die Before You Die, eleven years later.
In the early nineties, the writer moved to the United States, but he did not stop his creative activity there either: he taught courses in Russian poetry at local universities and even published several works. Yevgeny Yevtushenko still publishes his collections. So, in 2012, "Happiness and Retribution" comes out, and a year later - "I Can't Say Goodbye."
During his time creative life More than one hundred and thirty books have been published, and his works are read in 70 languages of the world.
Evgeny Alexandrovich not only received recognition among readers, but also earned countless awards. So, Yevtushenko was the winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature, the USSR State Prize and the Tefi Prize. The poet was awarded the "Badge of Honor" and the medal "For Services to the Fatherland" - and this is only a small part of the awards. Minor planet named after writer solar system, which is called 4234 Evtushenko. Also, Evgeny Alexandrovich is an honorary professor at King's College in Queens, the University of Santo Domingo, the University new school in New York "Honoris Causa" and at the University of Pittsburgh.
Music
The poet's poems inspire many musicians to create songs and musical ghosts. For example, on the basis of Yevtushenko's poem "Babi Yar", the composer created the famous thirteenth symphony. This work has gained worldwide recognition: "Babi Yar" is known in seventy-two languages of the world. Evgeny began to collaborate with composites back in the sixties, working with such celebrities as Evgeny Krylatsky, Eduard Kolmanovsky and.
Songs based on the poet's verses became real hits. Probably, there is no person in the post-Soviet space who would not know the compositions "And it's snowing", "When the bells ring" and "Motherland". The poet also managed to work with musical groups: his poems formed the basis of the rock operas The Execution of Stepan Razin and White Snows Are Falling. The last work came out with a premiere at the Olimpiysky sports complex in Moscow in 2007.
Movies
Yevtushenko managed to prove himself in the cinema. The script for the film "I am Cuba", which was released in 1964, was written by Yevgeny Yevtushenko in collaboration with Enrique Pineda Barnet. In the painting by Savva Kulish "Rise" the poet performed leading role.
The picture was released in 1979. And in 1983, the writer tried himself as a screenwriter and directed the film "Kindergarten", where he played a small role. In 1990, he wrote and directed the film The Funeral.
Personal life
The poet and writer was married four times. For the first time, Eugene married in 1954 to a poetess. But the creative union did not last long, and in 1961 Yevtushenko married Galina Sokol-Lukonina. In this marriage, they had a son, Peter.
The third wife of the writer was his admirer from Ireland, Jen Butler, and although the foreigner gave birth to Yevtushenko's two sons, Anton and Alexander, their marriage also broke up.
The fourth choice was the doctor and philologist Maria Novikova. Yevtushenko has been married to her for 26 years, raising two sons - Dmitry and Evgeny.
Death
April 1, 2017 at the age of 85. The legendary poet died in the US clinic where he was. The writer's wife, Maria Novikova, said that the doctors practically did not give Yevgeny Alexandrovich a chance to recover, but fought for his life until the last minutes.
Yevgeny Yevtushenko died in his sleep from cardiac arrest, surrounded by family and friends. He also managed to announce his last will - the poet's dying wish was a request to bury him in the village of Peredelkino near Moscow near.
Bibliography
- Scouts of the Future
- Highway Enthusiasts
- White snows are falling
- I am Siberian
- Compromise Kompromisovich
- Almost to the end
- Sleep, darling
- I'll break through into the twenty-first century...
- happiness and retribution
- I can't say goodbye
Yevgeny Yevtushenko nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature. The initiator was the World Congress of Russian-Speaking Jews. The author of "Babi Yar" can become a laureate of one of the most prestigious international awards along with Pasternak, Bunin, Solzhenitsyn, Brodsky or Sholokhov. The decision to nominate the poet Yevgeny Yevtushenko, who is now in Israel, for the 2008 Nobel Prize in Literature was made in the Israeli parliament, at a meeting of the commission on aliyah, absorption and the diaspora. Almost all Russian-speaking members of the Knesset came to the meeting with the poet. “Perhaps it will sound a bit pompous, but for me, Yevgeny Yevtushenko is not just an outstanding poet, prose writer, screenwriter, director, actor, photographer, public figure,” said Knesset member Mikhail Nudelman. “For me, he is a kind of spiritual tuning fork of that time, that of the era in which we were born, grew up and took place. I deliberately do not speak of him as a Russian or Soviet poet. His work is beyond borders. Evgeny Yevtushenko can rightly be called a citizen of the world, because he writes about the most painful points of the whole world, and not just Russia And it is no coincidence that his poems have been translated into 72 languages." Professor Nudelman expressed the hope that one of the public organizations Israel will nominate the poet for the Nobel Prize: "It is a matter of honor for the Jewish public organizations of the world to achieve just such an assessment of his contribution to the treasury of world literature." The World Congress of Russian-Speaking Jews responded to the proposal, Jewish.ru reports. “Our congress unites Jews living in 27 countries of the world,” said the chairman of the Israeli branch of the organization, Yuli Kosharovsky, addressing Yevtushenko. “Your work warms our hearts. Considering your great services to world literature, artistic excellence, and also a courageous position that you have been demonstrating for half a century, we have decided to nominate you for the 2008 Nobel Prize in Literature." Knesset Speaker Dalia Itzik, in turn, called this initiative very important and timely. The Nobel Prizes are one of the most prestigious international awards. They are awarded annually for outstanding Scientific research, revolutionary inventions or major contributions to culture or society. According to the will of Alfred Nobel, the prizes are awarded in five areas: physiology and medicine, literature, physics, chemistry and promotion of world peace. Since 1969, on the initiative of the Swedish Bank, prizes in economics have also been awarded. The amount of the Nobel Prize in each nomination is 10 million Swedish kronor (1.43 million dollars). Russians most often won the Nobel Prize for achievements in the field of physics (I. Tamm, P. Cherenkov, I. Frank, L. Landau, N. Basov, A. Prokhorov, P. Kapitsa, Zh. Alferov, A. Abrikosov, V .Ginzburg) and literature (I.Bunin, B.Pasternak, M.Sholokhov, A.Solzhenitsyn, I.Brodsky). The Nobel laureates in chemistry were N. Semenov, in physiology and medicine - I. Pavlov, I. Mechnikov, in economics - L. Kantorovich. The Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to A. Sakharov and M. Gorbachev. We will remind, the winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature for 2007 was the British 88-year-old writer Doris Lessing. Yevgeny Yevtushenko began to publish in 1949. In 1952 he published his first collection of poems, Scouts of the Future. In 1962 he participated in the Soviet delegation in 7 World Festival youth in Helsinki. His poems "The Heirs of Stalin" and "Babi Yar" became a sensation. Among the most famous are also the poems "Bratskaya HPP" (1965), "Under the Skin of the Statue of Liberty" (1970), collections of poems "Highway of Enthusiasts" (1956), "Intimate Lyrics" (1973), novels "Berry Places" (1981 ) and "Don't Die Before You Die" (1994). Yevtushenko directed two films based on his own scripts: "Kindergarten" in 1984 and "Stalin's Funeral" in 1991. On the poems of the poet, Dmitry Shostakovich wrote the "13th Symphony" ("Babi Yar"), as well as the vocal-symphonic poem "The Execution of Stepan Razin".
It was decided to nominate two Russians at once, President Vladimir Putin and poet Yevgeny Yevtushenko, for the Nobel Prize. They want to reward Putin for the creation of the state corporation of nanotechnologies, and Yevtushenko for the fight against anti-Semitism.
It is hardly possible to consider these reports seriously, because only those who are asked by the Nobel Committee itself can recommend Nobel Prize applicants. At the same time, it will be possible to reliably find out whether this or that person was included in the list of nominees only after 50 years.
However, among the nominees for this award in different time the most different people. Twice they offered to give the Peace Prize to Joseph Stalin for ending the Second World War and once to Adolf Hitler, although the last application was withdrawn. But, for example, Mahatma Gandhi, whom Vladimir Putin once spoke of as the greatest democrat, did not wait for his peace prize (see).
Putin from anonymous Swiss
The message that a certain International Center for Alternative Energy Research offered to award Russian President Vladimir Putin with the Peace Prize appeared in the Russian media. In the communiqué scientific center It is emphasized that "none of the currently known inventions in the field of alternative energy can effectively replace oil, and this is the reason that the whole world is desperately looking for a replacement for fossil fuels."
After that, the personality of the Russian president is spoken of: "President Vladimir Putin's idea to create a Russian corporation of nanotechnologies" shows the leadership and insight of the Russian president. "His efforts to find an effective replacement for oil serve all of humanity and contribute to building global peace. Therefore, President Vladimir Putin deserves to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize," says the text, signed by the center's president, Aneta Ernest.
Recall that according to the law "On the Russian Corporation of Nanotechnologies", adopted in September 2006, the total amount of funding for nanotechnological research in Russia should be about 180 billion rubles, and the Swiss emphasize that this is comparable "with all the RF allocations for science."
It is noteworthy that it is not possible to find the International Center, which is allegedly based in Zurich, at least there is no mention of such an organization in the global network. They don't know anything about him Russian specialists. According to NewTimes.ru, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences and member of the editorial board of the international journal " alternative energy" Yuri Ryzhov said that he had heard of such an organization for the first time. The very idea also seemed crazy to him.
Yevtushenko from grateful Zionists
Another proposal for a Nobel Prize, albeit one for literature, came this week from the World Congress of Russian-Speaking Jewry. This organization, which unites Jewish Russian-speaking communities in 23 countries, announced that it was going to nominate the poet Yevgeny Yevtushenko for the Nobel Prize in Literature.
The Congress announced this at a meeting between Yevtushenko and Russian-speaking deputies of the Israeli parliament, which took place on November 20. This action, according to the message of the Congress, is not only a recognition of the outstanding literary merits of the poet, but also emphasizes the role he played in the fight against xenophobia and anti-Semitism.
Who and how nominates for the Nobel Prize
Theoretically, reports of Putin and Yevtushenko being nominated for the prize could be true if the reporting organizations are among those that the Nobel Committee asks each year to name the nominees for the prize. At the same time, the list of nominees in the Nobel Committee is classified for the next 50 years.
In general, the selection process Nobel laureates is this: every year the Nobel Committee sends letters to 200-300 people and organizations asking them to name their candidates for a prize in a particular industry. Then a commission of members of the Swedish Academy of Sciences selects the winner from this list in several stages.
Usually, among those who are asked to name the nominees for the Literature Prize, there are previous Nobel Prize winners in Literature, the most respected professors of literature and linguistics at world universities, presidents of national societies of writers.
The list of those who usually propose candidates for the Peace Prize is wider: these are former laureates, members of national assemblies and governments, international courts, university rectors, as well as members of various international organizations.
Evgeny Yevtushenko last years avoided a direct answer to the question of which of the Russian poets should be awarded the Nobel Prize. Apparently, the answer was obvious to him. And such confidence is unfounded
Text: Mikhail Wiesel/The Year of Literature, for RBTH.com
Collage: Year of Literature. RF
1.
Yevtushenko is one of those few poets in any literature, whose lines have entered the flesh of a living language, turned into sayings. "A poet in Russia is more than a poet"; “do the Russians want wars”; “there are no monuments above Babi Yar”; “This is what is happening to me, my old friend does not go to me.” Native Russian speakers pronounce these phrases without thinking where they came from, and they have a specific author:.
2.
At the same time, Yevtushenko is well known outside of Russia - which is also not so often the case with representatives of a great (in terms of the number of people for whom he is native), but a language that is not widely used in the world. Starting from the sixties, Yevtushenko traveled a lot around the world, speaking in huge halls (in one of them
I saw him and immediately offered the role of Christ in his "Gospel of Matthew"
He was so struck by how the blue-eyed Siberian guy held the audience). And since 1991, personal and professional circumstances have developed in such a way that almost all academic year, from September to May, he spent in the US, at the University of Tulsa. That also contributed to his recognition not only in the artistic, but also in the academic environment - from which the “applications” for the Nobel Prize come.
3.
Despite the inevitable jealousy in an artistic environment, even the most vehement dislikes of Yevtushenko's poetics and personality admitted: yes, he really passionately loves, knows by heart a huge number of poems (not only his friends, but also people personally and creatively not close to him) - and tirelessly all life is engaged in its dissemination and even propaganda. Suffice it to mention Yevtushenko's monumental anthology Stanzas of the Century (1995), in which for the first time the poems of many emigrants banned and therefore forgotten in the USSR were returned. And most recently, Evgeny Alexandrovich completed work on an even more monumental five-volume collection Ten Centuries of Russian Poetry (2013).
4.
The Nobel Prize in Literature is not given for any particular work (although sometimes it is implied, as in the case of c), but " according to the totality of merit and achievements ". The merits of Yevtushenko are undeniable: long before he returned poetry lovers to the stadiums, showing that the composition and, most importantly, the perception of poetry is accessible not only to highly educated residents of campuses and small artistic cafes, but also to the general public - no matter how ironically the representatives of the same educated stratum.
5.
At the same time, Yevtushenko is not a loner, not a random fluctuation, but a representative of a vast and fruitful literary movement, like ( silver Age) or W. S. Naipaul (post-colonial literature).
