Readers of books will see folios in the store on the chosen subject - hundreds, thousands of volumes. What is worth reading and what is not? Where is nonsense, and where Interesting Facts? Where is the book - sabotage and interference in internal affairs, and where is the real research? A common person powerless before such a choice. Moreover, there are very few primary sources and they are practically inaccessible to the average reader. And there are no separate books about the Empire of Tartaria either (reconstruction articles by A. Fomenko do not count). The situation for the average reader is greatly complicated by today's information war of the West against Russia - one, the Great Migration of Nations from the 4th century AD - two, and the complete change of names and territories - three. For example, more than 2.5 thousand years ago, the Urals was called the Caucasus, and the modern Caucasus, together with the Pamirs and the Tien Shan, was called the Traverse. The Himalayas were called Emod. The northern ocean was called the Kronian or Scythian. In remote times BC, the water area of the Kara Sea was called the Western Sea or the Slavic Sea or Atlantic Ocean(!), and the upper reaches of the Ob were considered the lot of the khans who bore the name of the Nile (king of the Nile such and such). And the phrase "black people on the Nile" does not mean blacks in Egypt, but Kara-Kitais on the Ob! Back in the 16th century, Siberia began immediately beyond the Volga, and not, as it is today, beyond the Urals. That is why the city of Simbirsk stands on the Volga. The Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov was called Surozh or Meotida (lat. Maeotis). And the territory of modern Mongolia until 1921 was generally called Turkestan. The mention of the Red Sea as the confluence of the "largest river" has no geographic reference to Egypt, since the Red Sea in ancient times was called the southern part of the ocean surrounding the world. In the annals, usually under the Red Sea, the Caspian is meant. And the Russian language has undergone many changes over these hundreds of years. Now there is no part of the letters and sounds in the Russian alphabet that were still in the 9th century (even without taking into account the Arabic script and runic).
Internet articles about Tartaria are very numerous, but most often they are full of some kind of fantasy ... Aliens, atomic wars in the Middle Ages, etc. Yes, there are separate little-known facts, but these interesting facts "sink" in a sea of sick fantasies. It's hard to even find a good inet-article.
The information below is not fiction, not fiction, but a logical overview of real historical facts. little known facts our history. Today's so-called historical science"distorts very, very much in our history, and some in general are German falsifications. Therefore, the author of the book tried to find and convey to readers truthful information about the past of our great Motherland. The book (a series of reviews in two parts) is made on the basis of archaeological artifacts, dozens scientific research, highly specialized books and articles. An overview of the collected initial sources and a list of "100 books of Russian history" are given at the end of the 2nd part. For each map-engraving-citation, the facts were checked and clarified three times. Anyone can check these facts on the Internet. 99% of the materials presented are historical facts, though very, very little known. None of the officialdom argues against these 99% of the facts, they just pretend that they do not exist. They are silent. The remaining 1% of Part-I is a reconstruction.
So, if there was a state of Tartaria, it should have had indispensable attributes - a territory, a monarch, aristocracy, a capital, a coat of arms, its own coin, a mint in the capital, etc. There were some peoples-tribes that lived on this territory ... What do we know "today" about the Great Tartaria, about the Grande Tartarie?
This is the first part of the book.
Table of contents:
- Part 1: What do we know about Great Tartary today?
- Tartaria: maps, engravings, flags:
- Moscow Tartaria of the 18th century with its capital in Tobolsk:
- Muscovy and Moscow Tartaria:
- The last line of defense of Tartaria:
- The uprising of E. Pugachev: reconstruction and dozens of facts:
- Tartaria: maps, engravings, flags:
Most modern people prefer to get acquainted with the past in cinemas or at the television screen - this will have to be reckoned with. Those. unlike the ancients, the modern layman did not grow up in the real world, but in the world of computers, movies and crime series, where his brain spends too many hours a week. Therefore, we gladly accept everything that looks like the ridiculous fantasies of screenwriters - it is more familiar and real to us. For contemporaries, Hollywood fantasies of famous historical events are becoming a reality. Unfortunately, when people watch feature films, they often ignore the fact that the film is very different from what happened in history, because the authors of the pictures (especially the "rummies" of American Hollywood) care little about following historical facts. The Gracchi brothers (2nd century BC) turn out to be contemporaries of Crassus and Pompey (1st century BC), and the literary king Arthur had a huge army of armored knights - repeated a thousand times on countless film and video screenings, this "historical lies" inevitably becomes an integral part of public consciousness. Alas, the myth becomes reality. For example, who cares that in the movie 2014. "Exodus: Gods and Kings" is drawing on a flipchart, and the pharaoh is chewing gum? But there are not even feature films about the Tartary Empire.
Readers of books will see folios in the store on the chosen subject - hundreds, thousands of volumes. What is worth reading and what is not? Where is the nonsense, and where are the interesting facts? Where is the book - ideological diversion where is the real research? An ordinary person is powerless before such a choice. Moreover, there are very few primary sources and they are practically inaccessible to the average reader. And there are no separate books about the Empire of Tartaria either (reconstruction articles by A. Fomenko do not count). The situation for the average reader is greatly complicated by today's information war of the West against Russia(times), the Great Migration of Peoples from the 4th century AD. (two) and a complete change of names and territories (three). For example, back in the 16th century, Siberia began immediately beyond the Volga, and not, as it is today, beyond the Urals. That is why the city of Simbirsk stands on the Volga. And the territory of modern Mongolia until 1921 was generally called Turkestan. And the Russian language has undergone many changes over these hundreds of years. Now there are no letters and sounds in the alphabet that were before.
Internet articles about Tartaria are very numerous, but most often they are full of some kind of fantasy ... Aliens, atomic wars in the Middle Ages, etc. Yes, there are some little-known facts, but these interesting facts are "drowned" in a sea of sick fantasies. It's hard to even find a good inet-article.
The information below is not fiction, not fiction, but a logical overview of real historical facts. Little-known facts of our history. Today's historical science lies with all its might, and the author tried to find truthful information for readers about the past of our great Motherland. These reviews (a book in two parts) are made on the basis of facts - dozens of studies, books and articles, collected and systematized (a review of the initial sources is at the end of each part of the book). First, there were references to the map-engraving-text, then the facts were checked and supplemented. Anyone can check the facts on the Internet. 99% of the materials cited are historical facts, though very, very little known. None of the officialdom argues against these 99% of the facts, they just pretend that they do not exist. They are silent. The remaining 1% of Part-I is a reconstruction.
So, if there was a state of Tartaria, it should have had indispensable attributes - a territory, a monarch, an aristocracy, a capital, a coat of arms, its own coin, a mint in the capital, etc. There were some peoples-tribes that lived on this territory ... What do we know “today” about the Great Tartaria, about the Grande Tartarie?
- Part 1: What do we know about Great Tartary today?
- Tartaria: maps, engravings, flags:
- Moscow Tartaria of the 18th century with its capital in Tobolsk:
According to the British Encyclopedia of 1771, almost all of Siberia formed at that time, that is, at the end of the 18th century! - an independent state with the capital in Tobolsk. At the same time, MOSCOW TARTARY, according to the British Encyclopedia of 1771, WAS THE LARGEST COUNTRY IN THE WORLD. The question arises: where did this huge state go?
One has only to ask this question, as the facts immediately begin to surface and be rethought, showing that until the end of the 18th century, a gigantic state existed on the territory of Eurasia, which since the 19th century was excluded from world history. They pretended it never existed.
Great Tartaria
"TARTARY, a vast country in the northern parts of Asia, bounded by Siberia on the north and west: this is called Great Tartary. The Tartars who lie south of Muscovy and Siberia, are those of Astracan, Circassia, and Dagistan, situated north-west of the Caspian-sea; the Calmuc Tartars, who lie between Siberia and the Caspian-sea; the Usbec Tartars and Moguls, who lie north of Persia and India; and lastly, those of Tibet, who lie north-west of China.”
(Encyclopedia Britannica, Vol. III, Edinburgh, 1771, p. 887.)
“Tartaria, a huge country in the northern part of Asia, bordering Siberia in the north and west, which is called Great Tartaria. Tartars living south of Muscovy and Siberia are called Astrakhan, Cherkasy and Dagestan, living in the northwest of the Caspian Sea are called Kalmyk Tartars and which occupy the territory between Siberia and the Caspian Sea; Uzbek Tartars and Mongols, who live north of Persia and India, and, finally, Tibetan, living northwest of China.
(Encyclopedia Britannica, first edition, Volume 3, Edinburgh, 1771, p. 887)
In the first edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica of 1771, there is no mention of the Russian Empire. It says that the largest country in the world, occupying almost all of Eurasia, is Great Tartaria.
And the Moscow principality, where by that time the Romanovs had already been placed to rule, is only one of the provinces of this vast empire and is called Moscow Tartaria. There are also maps of Europe and Asia, on which all this is clearly visible.
And in the next edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica, all this information is completely missing.
What happened at the end of the 18th century? Where did the greatest empire of our world disappear to? The empire has not disappeared. All mention of her began to quickly disappear!
Many cannot imagine that history, historical documents, annals and maps can be distorted to such an extent that the written history itself turns out to be incredibly far from the actual one. Combined with another favored method of falsification, silence, altered history becomes reality.
If we take into account that in the Middle Ages the number of educated people was generally small, and even fewer historians among them, then ... Stop, but even in Europe there was a dictate of the church, the vast majority of scientific research was either carried out by religious figures themselves, or were under their control. strict control.
In addition, there were various church orders. Maltese, Jesuit, Dominican... The strictest discipline, unquestioning execution of orders from superiors. For disobedience, at times, it was supposed to connect with Heaven through the flame of a fire, so it is unlikely that the scribe monks could deviate from the letter of the order. And in general, at that time the main type of thinking was dogma, blind faith without critical reflection.
How, you say, that all this is not enough to suggest a massive falsification of history throughout Europe and Russia? Okay, then let's get down to the facts, naked and unbiased: the geographical maps of the medieval period.
Here:
http://yadi.sk/d/GOASAJAa1T7oG - 320 cards,
Additional link to Yandex - 294 cards,
Album of maps of Tartaria (287 photos)
More than one gigabyte of maps, can you imagine?!
Collection of maps of Tartaria
Video: Collection of maps of Great Tartaria
The most complete collection of maps with the geopolitical designation of Tartaria. Has 320 cards. 1.18 GB
What is special about them? They indicate a large country in the Eurasian space, about which we were not told ANY WORD either at school or at the university.
You see, there are 320 maps on this resource alone, which is far from exhausting all existing documents. More than three hundred maps showing our country, and we don’t know anything about it. And if anyone heard it, they most likely simply did not believe it.
Well, they can’t falsify or destroy ALL documents, and offer a completely false version of history! Many people think so. Alas, they can falsify and can hide. Which was successfully done by Scaliger and other Jesuits. At least Fomenko and Nosovsky are absolutely right in this!
Therefore, we are offered only a cursory glance at these documents, in which hundreds of authors showed our Motherland: TARTARIA.
P.S. By the way, the video demonstrates the impossibility of completely withdrawing all historical documents relating to a certain story. In this case, Tartaria. Although at that time there were incomparably fewer documents than, say, in the twentieth century.
And now imagine that some ruler of a large state issued some important order, decree, directive in the middle of the last century. Moreover, we are assured that this Directive was strictly and clearly implemented. Hundreds of thousands of officials, police and military were involved in its implementation. According to the Directive, hundreds of railway trains with materials and objects necessary for its implementation were moved. Hundreds of industrial enterprises sent cargoes for the same purpose.
But not a single document has been preserved that would follow the logic of this Directive. Thousands of executive officials made estimates, issued their own directives to subordinates for the successful implementation of the Main Directive, wrote reports on the work done.
But none of this has been preserved, although all the archives have been carefully studied. Also, the text, or reliable testimonies about the existence of the Main Directive, have not been preserved.
Can you imagine that such a number of relatively recent, in comparison with the documents of the Middle Ages, written evidence was completely destroyed? Those. from the Middle Ages, after half a thousand years, something still remains, and in our time, after 50 years, nothing can be found?!
We are assured that this Directive existed. Sorry, it's hard to believe. In fact, I don't believe it at all. I believe in Tartaria, because the facts are there. But the Directive is not.
There are no facts - there was no Directive.
The information is presented on the basis of the data contained in the British Encyclopedia of 1771, on the materials and personal observations of G.K. Kasparov, the world chess champion, as well as on the materials of the book "Reconstruction of World History".
MAP OF EUROPE FROM THE BRITISH ENCYCLOPEDIA OF 1771
Let's use the fundamental Encyclopedia Britannica of the end of the 18th century. It was published in 1771, in three voluminous volumes, and is the most complete collection of information from that time. various areas knowledge. We emphasize that this work was the pinnacle of encyclopedic knowledge of the 18th century. Let's see what kind of information was recorded by the Encyclopædia Britannica in the "Geography" section. In particular, there are five geographical maps Europe, Asia, Africa, North America and South America. See fig.9.1, fig.9.2, fig.9.3, fig.9.4, fig.9.5.
These maps are very carefully crafted. The outlines of continents, rivers, seas, lakes, etc. are carefully depicted. Many city names have been applied. The authors of Encyclopædia Britannica are well aware, for example, of the geography of South America.
MAP OF ASIA FROM THE BRITISH ENCYCLOPEDIA OF 1771
Let's look at the map of Asia from the Encyclopædia Britannica. See Figure 9.2. Note that the south of Siberia is divided into INDEPENDENT TATARIA in the west and CHINESE TATARIA in the east. Chinese Tartary borders China. See Figure 9.2. Below we will return to these Tatars or Tartars.
MAP OF NORTH AMERICA FROM THE BRITAIN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF 1771
Noteworthy is the ABSENCE OF ANY INFORMATION ABOUT THE NORTH-WESTERN PART OF THE AMERICAN CONTINENT. See Figure 9.4.
That is, about the part adjacent to Russia. Here, in particular, Alaska is located. We see that Europeans at the end of the 18th century had no idea about these lands. While the rest of North America was well known to them. From the point of view of our reconstruction, this most likely means that the lands of Rus'-Horde were still located here at that time. And independent of the Romanovs.
IN XIX-XX centuries as the last remnant of these lands, we see Russian Alaska. But judging by the map of the 18th century, the area of the remnants of the Great = "Mongolian" Empire in North America at that time was MUCH BIGGER. It included almost all of modern Canada, west of Hudson Bay, and part of the north of the United States. See Figure 9.4. By the way, the name Canada (or " New France”, as it says on the map) is present on the map of North America in the 18th century. But it refers only to the vicinity of large lakes in the southeast of modern Canada. That is, to the relatively small southeastern part of modern Canada. See figure 9.4.
If, as we are assured today, only “wild American Indians”, it is unlikely that these vast and rich territories would have remained completely unknown to European cartographers EVEN AT THE END OF THE 18TH CENTURY. Could the Indians have prevented European ships from sailing along the northwestern coast of America in order to understand the outlines of a large continent? Hardly. Most likely, a fairly strong state, a fragment of a huge Rus'-Horde, was still located here. Which, like, by the way, Japan at that time, simply did not let Europeans into its territory, and into its territorial waters and seas.
MOSCOW TARTARY OF THE XVIII CENTURY WITH THE CAPITAL IN THE CITY OF TOBOLSK
The "Geography" section of the 1771 Encyclopædia Britannica ends with a table listing all the countries known to its authors, indicating the area of these countries, capitals, distances from London, and the time difference compared to London, volume 2, pp. 682-684. See fig.9.6(0), fig.9.6 and fig.9.7.
It is very curious and unexpected that Russian empire of that time is considered by the authors of the Encyclopædia Britannica, judging by this table, AS SEVERAL DIFFERENT COUNTRIES. Namely, Russia, with its capital in St. Petersburg and an area of 1,103,485 square miles. Then - MOSCOW TARTARY with the capital in TOBOLSK and three times larger area, 3,050,000 square miles, volume 2, p.683. See Figure 9.8.
MOSCOW TARTARIA is the largest country in the world, according to the Encyclopedia Britannica. All other countries are at least three times smaller than it. In addition, INDEPENDENT TARTARY with its capital in SAMARKAND is indicated, volume 2, p.683. Also named Chinese Tartaria with its capital in Chinyang (Chinuan). Their areas are 778,290 and 644,000 square miles, respectively.
The question arises: what can this mean? Doesn't this mean that before the defeat of Pugachev in 1775, all of Siberia was an independent state from the Romanovs? Or even here there were several states. The largest of which - MOSCOW Tartaria - had its capital in Siberian TOBOLSK. But then famous war with Pugachev was by no means the suppression of the supposedly spontaneous " peasant uprising, as we are told today. It turns out that this was a real war of the Romanovs with the last independent fragments of Rus'-Horde in the east of the Empire. ONLY AFTER WIN THE WAR WITH PUGACHEV, THE ROMANOVS GOT ACCESS TO SIBERIA FOR THE FIRST TIME. Which had previously been naturally closed to them. The Horde wouldn't let them in.
By the way, it was only after this that the Romanovs began to "arrange" on the map of Russia the names of countries, famous in the old Russian history - the provinces of the Great = "Mongolian" Empire. (Details - in the book "Biblical Rus'"). For example, such names as Perm and Vyatka. In fact, medieval Perm is Germany, and medieval Vyatka is Italy (hence the Vatican). These names of the old provinces of the Empire were present on the medieval Russian coat of arms. But after the split of the Romanov Empire, they began to distort and rewrite the history of Rus'. In particular, it was necessary to move these names from Western Europe somewhere far away, in the wilderness. Which is what was done. But only after the victory over Pugachev. And quite quickly.
In the book "Biblical Rus'", v.1, p.540, it is indicated that the Romanovs began to change the coats of arms of Russian cities and regions only in the second half of the 18th century. Basically, in 1781. As we now begin to understand, six years after the victory over Pugachev, the last independent Horde tsar (or commander of the tsar) of Moscow Tartaria with its capital in Siberian Tobolsk.
MOSCOW TARTARY
Above, we talked about the striking at first glance statement of the Britannica Encyclopedia of 1771, that almost all of Siberia was formed at that time, that is, at the end of the 18th century! - an independent state with a capital in Tobolsk, volume 2, pp. 682-684. See fig.9.6, fig.9.7.
At the same time, MOSCOW TARTARY, according to the British Encyclopedia of 1771, WAS THE LARGEST COUNTRY IN THE WORLD. See above. This is depicted on many maps of the 18th century. See, for example, one of these maps in Fig.9.9, Fig.9.10, Fig.9.11. We see that Moscow Tartaria began from the middle reaches of the Volga, from Nizhny Novgorod. Thus, Moscow was very close to the border with Moscow Tartary. The capital of Moscow Tartary is the city of Tobolsk, the name of which is underlined on this map and given in the form TOBOL. That is just like in the Bible. Recall that in the Bible Rus' is called ROSH MESHEKH and FUVAL, that is, Ros, Moscow and Tobol. (See the details in the book "Biblical Rus'").
The question arises: where did this huge state go? One has only to ask this question, as the facts immediately begin to surface and be comprehended in a new way, showing that until the end of the 18th century a gigantic state existed on the territory of Eurasia. Since the 19th century, it has been excluded from world history. They pretended it never existed. As evidenced by maps of the 18th century, until this era, Moscow Tartaria was practically inaccessible to Europeans.
But at the end of the 18th century, the situation changed dramatically. The study of the geographical maps of that time clearly shows that the stormy conquest of these lands began. It came from both sides at once. In Russian-Horde Siberia and Far East Romanov troops entered for the first time. And in the Russian-Horde western half of the North American continent, stretching all the way to California to the south, and to the middle of the continent to the east, for the first time entered the troops of the newly emerged United States. On the maps of the world compiled at that time in Europe, a huge "blank spot" finally disappeared. And on the maps of Siberia they stopped writing in large letters “Great Tartaria” or “Moscow Tartaria”.
What happened at the end of the 18th century? After all that we have learned about the history of Rus'-Horde, the answer seems to be clear. AT THE END OF THE 18TH CENTURY, THE LAST BATTLE BETWEEN EUROPE AND THE HORDE IS OCCURRED. The Romanovs are on the side of Europe. This immediately makes us look at the so-called "Pugachev's peasant-Cossack uprising" of 1773-1775 with completely different eyes.
THE WAR OF THE ROMANOVS WITH "PUGACHEV" IS A WAR WITH THE HUGE MOSCOW TARTARY
Apparently, the well-known war with Pugachev in 1773-1775 was by no means the suppression of the "peasant-Cossack uprising", as we are told today. It was the real major war Romanovs with the last independent Russian-Horde Cossack state - Moscow Tartaria. The capital of which, as the British Encyclopedia of 1771 informs us, was the Siberian city of Tobolsk. Note that this Encyclopedia was published, fortunately, before the war with Pugachev. True, in just two years. If the publishers of Encyclopædia Britannica had delayed its publication by even two or three years, it would be much more difficult to restore the truth today.
It turns out that ONLY AFTER WIN THE WAR WITH PUGACHEV - that is, as we now understand, with Tobolsk (it is also the famous biblical Tubal or Tubal), - THE ROMANOVS GOT ACCESS TO SIBERIA FOR THE FIRST TIME. Which had previously been naturally closed to them. The Horde just wouldn't let them in. And only after that the Americans for the FIRST TIME got access to the western half of the North American continent. And they began to quickly capture it. But the Romanovs apparently did not doze off either. At first, they managed to "grab" Alaska, which is directly adjacent to Siberia. But in the end they couldn't keep her. I had to give it to the Americans. For a very nominal fee. Very. Apparently, the Romanovs simply could not really control the huge territories beyond the Bering Strait from St. Petersburg. It must be assumed that the Russian population of North America was very hostile to the power of the Romanovs. As to the conquerors who came from the West and seized power in their state, in Moscow Tartaria.
Thus ended the division of Moscow Tartaria already in the 19th century. It is amazing that this "feast of the victors" was completely erased from the pages of history textbooks. In fact, it never got there. Although quite obvious traces of this have been preserved. We will talk about them below.
By the way, the Encyclopedia Britannica reports that in the 18th century there was another "Tatar" state - Independent Tartaria with its capital in Samarkand, volume 2, p.682-684. As we now understand, it was another huge "fragment" of the Great Rus'-Horde of the XIV-XVI centuries. Unlike Moscow Tartaria, the fate of this state is known. It was conquered by the Romanovs in the middle of the 19th century. This is the so-called "conquest of Central Asia". So it is evasively called in modern textbooks. The very name of Independent Tartaria disappeared from the maps forever. It is still called a conditional, meaningless name " middle Asia". The capital of Independent Tartaria - Samarkand was taken by the Romanov troops in 1868, part 3, p.309. The entire war lasted four years: 1864-1868.
Let's go back to the 18th century. Let's see how North America and Siberia were depicted on maps of the 18th century before Pugachev. That is, earlier than 1773-1775. It turns out that the western part of the North American continent is NOT SHOWN AT ALL on these maps. The European cartographers of that time SIMPLY DID NOT KNOW HOW the western half of the N American continent looked like. They didn’t even know if it connected with Siberia, or there was a strait there. Moreover, it is very strange that the American government "for some reason" did not show any interest in these neighboring lands. Although at the turn of the XVIII-XIX centuries this interest suddenly, out of nowhere, appeared. And it was very stormy. Is it because these lands suddenly became "no one's"? And it was necessary to hurry up in order to have time to capture them before the Romanovs. Who did the same from the West.
BEFORE PUGACHEV'S DEFEAT, EUROPEANS DIDN'T KNOW THE GEOGRAPHY OF THE WEST AND NORTH-WEST OF THE AMERICAN CONTINENT. THE GIANT "WHITE SPOT" AND THE CALIFORNIA PENINSULA AS "ISLAND"
Let's turn to the maps of North America. Let's start with a map from the British Encyclopedia of 1771, which took into account the latest achievements in geographical science of that time. That is, we repeat, the very end of the XVIII century. But - BEFORE PUGACHEV. The full map is shown by us above in Figure 9.4. In Figure 9.12 we present its enlarged fragment. We see that the entire northwestern part of the North American continent, by no means only Alaska, is a huge "blank spot" overlooking the ocean. Even the coastline is not marked! Consequently, until 1771 no European ship passed along these coasts. One such passage would have been enough to carry out at least a rough cartographic survey. And after that we are told that Russian Alaska, located in this part of North America, was allegedly subordinate to the Romanovs at that time. If this were the case, then on European maps the coastline would certainly be depicted. Instead, we see here the curious words written by European cartographers on the American "blank spot": Undiscovered lands (Parts Undiscovered). See Figure 9.12.
Let us take a slightly earlier English map, dated 1720 or later, drawn up in London, pp. 170-171. See figure 9.13. Here, too, a significant part of the North American continent is a "white spot". On which it is written: "Unknown lands" (Parts Unknown). Note that this 18th century map depicts the California peninsula AS an ISLAND! That is, as we can see, European ships were not allowed here by the Horde even in early XVIII century. To Pugachev!
We see the same thing on the French map of 1688. See Figure 9.14. Here, the California Peninsula is also shown as an ISLAND! That is also wrong. What does this mean? A simple thing: the line of the west coast of North America is still UNKNOWN to Europeans. They are not allowed here. Therefore, they do not know that the California peninsula will join the mainland a little to the north.
Another card. See fig.9.15, fig.9.15(a). This is a French map dated 1656 or later, p.152,153. We see the same picture. The California Peninsula is drawn as an ISLAND. It is not right. In the northwest of America - a solid "white spot". We go further. Figure 9.16 and Figure 9.16(a) show a French map from 1634. Again we see that the American Northwest is sinking into a "white spot", and the California Peninsula is again incorrectly depicted as an ISLAND.
And so on. There are VERY MANY similar maps of the 17th-18th centuries. We cannot present here even a small part of them. The conclusion is this. Before the war with Pugachev in 1773-1775, that is, until the end of the 18th century, the western part of the North American continent belonged to Moscow Tartaria with its capital in Tobolsk. Europeans were not allowed here. This circumstance was clearly reflected in the maps of that time. Cartographers drew here a "white spot" and a fantastic "island" of California. Of which they more or less represented only the southernmost part. By the way, the very name "California" is quite meaningful. Apparently at that time it simply meant "Kaliph's Land". According to historical reconstruction, the first Russian-Horde CALIPH was the great conqueror Batu Khan, known to us today also under the name Ivan "Kalita". He was one of the founders of the Great = "Mongolian" Empire.
In this regard, let us recall that medieval Japan, which at that time was apparently another fragment of the Great = “Mongolian” Empire, behaved similarly. Japan also kept foreigners out until the 1860s. This was probably a reflection of some general policy of local rulers. The kings-khans of these Horde-"Mongolian" states were hostile to the Europeans, as to the enemies of the former Great Empire which they still felt they were a part of. Apparently, there was a close connection between Japan and Moscow Tartaria until the end of the 18th century, and Japan "closed" only after the defeat of Moscow Tartaria in 1773-1775, that is, after the defeat of Pugachev.
Only at the end of the 19th century did European foreigners (the Dutch) enter Japan by force. As we can see, it was only at this time that the wave of the “progressive liberation process” came here.
Let's return to the maps of America, but this time to the maps of the alleged XV-XVI centuries. Let's see how the European cartographers of the supposedly 16th century depicted the same North America. Probably much worse than the cartographers of the XVII-XVIII centuries. It must be assumed that now we will see very meager data not only about the North American continent, but also about America in general. It turns out not! Today we are offered to assume that European cartographers supposedly imagined North America WHERE MORE ACCURATELY in the 16th century than the cartographers of the 17th-18th centuries. Moreover, this amazing knowledge is not manifested in some little-known and forgotten cards. "Ahead" of their time by many decades, and then undeservedly "forgotten".
Far from it. North America is splendidly depicted on the famous 16th-century maps by Abraham Ortelius and Gerhard Mercator. Which, as historians assure us, were widely known both in the 17th and 18th centuries. We present these well-known maps in Fig.9.17, Fig.9.17(a) and Fig.9.18, Fig.9.18(a). As we can see, these supposedly 16th century maps are MUCH BETTER AND MORE ACCURATE than the 18th century maps. They are even better than the 1771 Encyclopædia Britannica map!
Did the authors of the Encyclopædia Britannica at the end of the 18th century "fell into ignorance" after such brilliant maps of the supposedly 16th century? Please note that both Ortelius and Mercator are absolutely CORRECT in depicting the California Peninsula precisely as a PENINSULA. We see the same thing on the map of Hondius allegedly dated 1606. California is shown as a peninsula. See fig.9.19 and fig.9.19(a). Allegedly, at the very beginning of the 17th century, Hondius was already well versed in the true geography of America. He has no doubt that California is a peninsula. He confidently draws the Bering Strait. All along the WEST coast of North America, he knows many names of cities and places. There are no "unknown lands" here for him. He knows everything! And it happens allegedly in 1606.
They want to assure us that in a hundred years the European cartographers of the 17th-18th centuries will FORGET all this information. And they will start, for example, WRONG to consider California an ISLAND! Isn't it strange?
Further, both Ortelius and Mercator, and Hondius and many other cartographers, allegedly of the 16th - early 17th centuries, already know that AMERICA IS SEPARATED FROM ASIA BY THE STRAIT. And historians tell us that later cartographers of the 17th-18th centuries will “forget” all this. And only then, finally, will this strait be “re-opened”. As well as many other things on the map of North America.
So the picture is completely clear. All these brilliant maps of the alleged 16th century are forgeries of the 19th century. They were made in an era when volumes of the Encyclopædia Britannica had long been on the shelves of European libraries. Something on the maps was drawn "under the antiquity." But in general, the outlines of the continents and many other important details were copied from the maps of the 19th century at hand. Drawn, of course, chic, rich. To be worthy of the "ancients". And to cost more. After all, "ancient authentic maps." Finally discovered in the dusty archives of Europe.
Let us now look at the map of Siberia in the 18th century. We have already shown one of these maps in Figure 9.20. On this map, all of Siberia beyond the Ural Range is called Great Tartary. Now it becomes clear what this means. It means exactly what it says. Namely, that at that time there was still a Russian-Horde state under that name. Next, we give another map of the XVIII century. See fig.9.21(a), fig.9.21(b), fig.9.22. It was published in 1786 in Germany, in Nuremberg. On it, the inscription Russiya (Russland) is neatly bent so that in no case does it climb over the Ural Range. Although it could well have been drawn and straighter. What would be more natural if Siberia in the 18th century belonged to the Romanovs. And the whole of Siberia is divided on the map into two large states. The first is called the "State of Tobolsk" (Gouvernement Tobolsk). THIS NAME IS WRITTEN IN THE ENTIRE WESTERN SIBERIA. The second state is called the "State of Irkutsk" (Gouvernement Irkutzk). THIS SIGN GOES THROUGH EASTERN SIBERIA AND FURTHER NORTH TO SAKHALIN ISLAND.
“Who controls the past,” the party slogan said, “he controls
the future, and whoever controls the present controls the past” (D. Orwell, “1984”)
Most modern people prefer to get acquainted with the past in cinemas or at the television screen - this will have to be reckoned with. Those. unlike the ancients, the modern layman did not grow up in the real world, but in the world of computers, movies and crime series, where his brain spends too many hours a week. Therefore, we gladly accept everything that looks like the ridiculous fantasies of screenwriters - it is more familiar and real to us.
For contemporaries, Hollywood fantasies of famous historical events are becoming a reality. Unfortunately, when people watch feature films, they often ignore the fact that the film is very different from what happened in history, because the authors of the pictures (especially the "rummies" of American Hollywood) care little about following historical facts. The Gracchi brothers (2nd century BC) turn out to be contemporaries of Crassus and Pompey (1st century BC), and the literary king Arthur had a huge army of armored knights - repeated a thousand times on countless film and video screenings, this "historical lies" inevitably becomes an integral part of public consciousness. Alas, the myth becomes reality. For example, who cares that in the movie 2014. "Exodus: Gods and Kings" is drawing on a flipchart, and the pharaoh is chewing gum? But there are not even feature films about the Tartary Empire.
Readers of books will see folios in the store on the chosen subject - hundreds, thousands of volumes. What is worth reading and what is not? Where is the nonsense, and where are the interesting facts? Where is the book - ideological sabotage, and where is the real research? An ordinary person is powerless before such a choice. Moreover, there are very few primary sources and they are practically inaccessible to the average reader. And there are no separate books about the Empire of Tartaria either (reconstruction articles by A. Fomenko do not count). The situation for the average reader is greatly complicated by today's information war West against Russia (times), the Great Migration of Peoples from the 4th century AD. (two) and a complete change of names and territories (three). For example, back in the 16th century, Siberia began immediately beyond the Volga, and not, as it is today, beyond the Urals. That is why the city of Simbirsk stands on the Volga. And the territory of modern Mongolia until 1921 was generally called Turkestan. And the Russian language has undergone many changes over these hundreds of years. Now there are no letters and sounds in the alphabet that were before.
Internet articles about Tartaria are very numerous, but most often they are full of some kind of fantasy ... Aliens, atomic wars in the Middle Ages, etc. Yes, there are some little-known facts, but these interesting facts are "drowned" in a sea of sick fantasies. It's hard to even find a good inet-article.
The information below is not fiction, not fiction, but a logical overview of real historical facts. Little-known facts of our history. Today's historical science lies with all its might, and the author tried to find truthful information for readers about the past of our great Motherland. These reviews (a book in two parts) are made on the basis of facts - dozens of studies, books and articles, collected and systematized (a review of the initial sources is at the end of each part of the book). First, there were references to the map-engraving-text, then the facts were checked and supplemented. Anyone can check the facts on the Internet. 99% of the materials cited are historical facts, though very, very little known. None of the officialdom argues against these 99% of the facts, they just pretend that they do not exist. They are silent. The remaining 1% of Part-I is a reconstruction.
So, if there was a state of Tartaria, it should have had indispensable attributes - a territory, a monarch, an aristocracy, a capital, a coat of arms, its own coin, a mint in the capital, etc. There were some peoples-tribes that lived on this territory ... What do we know “today” about the Great Tartaria, about the Grande Tartarie?
