Discipline: Russian language and literature

Chapter: poetry beganXXcentury

Lesson topic: "The theme of the House in the lyrics of S. Yesenin"

Lesson Implementation Time : 45 minutes
Goals :
- show in development artistic image Houses in the work of S. Yesenin, his philosophical capacity, depth;
- to introduce students to the clear and fresh in its imagery, but internally complex world of S. Yesenin's poetry;
- learn to analyze a lyrical poem;
- to show a deep sense of native nature and Motherland in the poetry of S. Yesenin;
- to cultivate love for the Fatherland, moral ideals;
- awaken in students aesthetic experiences associated with the perception of poetry, music, painting.

Lesson type : learning new material
Type of lesson : a lesson in the artistic perception of the text of the author's works

Equipment: computer, creative sheets, score sheets

Epigraph:

I still remain a poet

Golden log cabin.

During the classes

Organizing time

Teacher. I would like to start the lesson by reading an excerpt from a student essay. You listen carefully and then say if you know the feeling that the author writes about. Listening to the text, try to imagine pictures of your small homeland, why at home, your favorite corner of nature.

Preparation for the perception of the topic of the lesson

Novoselitskoye is one of the corners of the Stavropol Territory. However, how much can you tell about this corner! I love my village. I love it any time of the year. Spring has already come. I'm getting ready for spring. Soon the earth will begin to warm up under the sun, the fresh wind will smell in your face, the sky will fall in blue streams, bird trills will sound, the familiar streets will become joyful and festive. And I want to keep this vision in my soul forever, because I know that the time will come,when I dream even for a day - anotherto be in his native village, where childhood will remain, the first teacher andfirst school love. The most important thing in us is only one thing - our memory and parents, a small homeland and origins.

Memory, origins. What eternal and simple words. The absence of these concepts means that there is no life, no continuation. There are they - renewal rises in the soul and life continues.

Most importantly, in the turmoil of days, do not forget about the morning dawn, how the surface of rivers and lakes shines, how the sky blazes with sunset, how dew drops play in the first rays of the sun.

Reading text conversation with slideshow

Teacher. What is the feeling in this essay?

Teacher. What pictures could you imagine while listening to these lines of the composition?

Teacher. Perhaps these pictures could be like this:

/demonstration on the screen of the views associated with those paintings that the students presented/. Introductory speech of the teacher

Teacher . Thoughts, memories connected with the home, with the motherland, cause a surge of tenderness and warmth in the soul of a person. theme of motherland

nature, love, mercy, honor and duty - this is a traditional theme in Russian literature. It is reflected in many works of great poets and writers. Today I propose to reflect on the theme of the home, the family hearth, which sounds with particular force in the lyrics of the beloved poet Sergei Yesenin. It is very important that you be able to see in Yesenin's poems the artistic image of the House in development, its

philosophical depth, capacity. I want you to have the opportunity once again to get in touch with high art, which helps to experience aesthetic experiences, fosters love for the Fatherland, and affirms moral ideals. For successful and fruitful work in the lesson, I developed the necessary handouts: creative sheets, evaluation sheets, texts of poems, Handout located on your desktops.

3. Work on a new theme

* Work in creative sheets Task number 1. Words:hut, outskirts, stitch, paradise, apple, honey, field, freedom, blue, holiness distribute into two groups. The first group should include words that correspond to the idea of ​​the sublime. The second group will include words associated with the idea of ​​the prosaic, the ordinary.

Teacher. Based on the results of work on task number 1, let's create a diagram together"Sun" and work on this pattern.

What conclusion can be drawn?
Teacher. You will meet all these words when listening to the poem "Goy you, my dear Rus' ...". After listening to the poem, answer whether the usual perception of ordinary words is preserved or whether they sound as elevated as those words that indicate exaltation.
Reading a poem by a teacher /on the screen/ Teacher. Is the usual perception of words associated with the idea of ​​the ordinary, the prosaic, preserved in the work?
Teacher. How does the poet achieve such a transformation of "prosaisms" in the poem?
Teacher . What is the mood of the poem?
Teacher. Why lyrical hero compares himself to a passing pilgrim?
Teacher. Thanks to what is the characteristic image of a peasant hut born in the first stanza? What are icons and robes?
Teacher. What color image is adjacent to the metaphor of "robe-image"?
Teacher. Listen carefully to the sound of the line "Only blue sucks eyes." Here the poet uses alliteration.

Revisit the concept of alliteration.
/on the screen/ Teacher. Why does the author use alliteration? What picture is born?
Teacher. When does this feeling occur?
Teacher. But Yesenin's color painting is symbolic. What doesblue, cyan in early lyrics?
Teacher. “Something blue ...” Yesenin even heard in the word “Russia”: “There is dew in it, and strength, and something blue ...” It turns out that an elegant peasant hut is not just a dwelling, it is something sacred. Home is the embodiment of love.

Teacher. What sounds are in the poem?

Teacher. These are major sounds. And although there are no people in the poem, they are invisibly present in the sounds of folk festivals. The poet is not alone, he feels himself a part of his people.

Teacher. What smells does the poet convey, and what holiday is this associated with?

Teacher. It is a wonderful tradition to bring the first harvest of apples and the first harvest of honey to the temple. Our ancestors subtly felt their connection with nature; not masters, not conquerors, but children of nature, they felt themselves and "meekly" thanked the Creator for his generosity - maybe that's why Yesenin called the Spas "meek."

So, all the images of the poem, color painting and even the old Russian “Rus” instead of “Russia” affirm the indissoluble connection between times, man and nature. Such depth is revealed to us in 20 lines of a youthful poem.
About how it happened that Sergei Yesenin did not have a practically student period, and he immediately declared himself as a great original poet, we will hear from the message.

student performance

Message material.

/Sounds a romance to the verses of S. Yesenin, shows the views of the Russian village of the 20s/.

Teacher. Let's return to the poem "Goy you, my dear Rus' ..." and summarize our conversation about the image of a peasant hut in the lyrics of Sergei Yesenin. I will start the sentence and you will finish. So, the image of the peasanthuts in the early lyrics of the poet are the personification of ...

Teacher. The image of a hut, a native home is found in many poems of the poet. Read the poem "You are my abandoned land ...".
/on the screen/ Teacher. What notes creep into these verses?
Teacher. Read the poem "Where are you, where are you, father's house ...".
/on the screen/ Teacher. What is the mood of this poem?

Teacher. In the 1920s, the mood of Yesenin's poems changed dramatically, and the romantic image of the hut was replaced by a terrible image of "skeletons of houses."

Increasingly insistent in the 20s, the motive of returning to his native home sounds. In the poem “Return to the Motherland”, Yesenin does not recognize his native home, in which on the wall instead of an icon there is “calendar Lenin”. The city is moving towards the village. Yesenin's city is not only the embodiment of technical civilization, it is a new idea hostile to man. Yesenin felt the death of the village earlier than others. And yet, although the icon was replaced by the “calendar Lenin”, and instead of the bible in the hut “Capital” by Marx, Yesenin admits:

But somehow still with a bow

I sit down on a wooden bench.

Teacher. Read the poem "The feather grass is sleeping, dear plain ...".
/on the screen/ Teacher. What conclusion can be drawn from this work about the further work of the poet?
Teacher. Sergei Yesenin was very homesick, for his mother, often visited Konstantinovo. In 1925, in Last year life, the poet was at home five times. During this period, he writes poetry - messages to his grandfather, sister. Dedicates three poems to his mother, Tatyana Fedorovna. Read poem "Letter mother."

/on the screen/ Teacher. Why is this poem close to each of us?
Teacher. It hurts - the poet found tender words for his mother. Pay attention to task number 2 in the creative sheets. It contains questions to the poem "Letter to Mother". Answer these questions. This work will help you to express yourself more actively in an oral conversation based on the poem “A Letter to a Mother”.

Task number 2:

1. What type of words dominate the poem?

2. How do you visualize "evening light"?

3. Find in the text of the poem an expression used in high style.

4. What pronoun indicates the higher origin of "light", and what does this mean?

Conversation

Teacher. Why does the poet use colloquial words in the poem?
Teacher. Can simple words be used in a high sense?
Teacher. Why does the light "stream" over the hut?
Teacher. The image of a mother in an “old-fashioned old shushun” is the image of a guardian angel.

The artist K. Petrov - Vodkin, a contemporary of S. Yesenin, has a painting "Mother". In what way do you catch the consonance of the poem "Letter to Mother" and the painting "Mother"?

/ on the screen is an illustration of the painting by K. Petrov - Vodkin "Mother" /

Teacher. The Mother of God did not leave her mothers: neither old nor young. Mother's love is all-forgiving, linking the world at home with the vast world. A mother always protects her children. Let's get back to the poem. In the creative sheets in task No. 3, complete the phrase: Yesenin's house in his later poems is the embodiment ...
Teacher. Read how you finished the sentence.

4.Summary of the lesson

Teacher. Our lesson is coming to an end. Once again, pay attention to the topic of the lesson and tell me what does the House mean in the lyrics of Sergei Yesenin?

Teacher. Pay attention to task number 4 in the creative sheets. Make sequences about our lesson, about what you learned in it.

Listening to creative works

Teacher. In the evaluation sheets, evaluate the indicated stages of work, using a five-point system. I think that you can objectively evaluate yourself.

Already now I will be able to give some of you marks for the artistic reading of poetry, for participation in the oral analysis of poems. After processing your creative and evaluation sheets, I will announce to each of you the mark for today's lesson in the next lesson. Let those guys who did not express their thoughts today be not upset. All the same, they were soul and heart with the poetry of S. Yesenin. Yes, it cannot be otherwise. Since childhood, this poetry lives in us. We read Yesenin's poems and listen to romances. After all, many famous Russian composers wrote music for the poems of Sergei Yesenin. A romance to the verses of S. Yesenin sounds.

/ on the screen demonstration of photographs of S. Yesenin /

"WHERE ARE YOU, WHERE ARE YOU, FATHER'S HOUSE?" THE IMAGE OF THE HUT / HOUSE IN YESENIN'S WORKS.

Annotation. The article deals with the images of the hut / house in the lyrics of S. Yesenin at various stages of his work.

Initially, the hut (hut) in Yesenin's poetry has a specific meaning and denotes a peasant dwelling and the main attributes
peasant life. So, in the poem “In the hut”, Yesenin dwells in detail on individual loci of the hut (hut). But it is not
static paintings and sketches. Yesenin's hut is endowed with its own smells (wasting away with loose drachens, kvass), sounds (rustle
cockroaches, clucking chickens), its own life unfolds in it. All this allows the poet to present the hut voluminously and holistically.

The reader seems to be in the hut himself, sees it from the inside in real time:

It smells of loose drachens,

At the threshold in a bowl of kvass,

Over turned stoves

Cockroaches climb into the groove.

Soot curls over the damper,

In the oven, the threads of popelits,

And on the bench behind the salt shaker -

Husks of raw eggs.

Mother with grips will not cope,

bending low,

An old cat sneaks up to the shawl

For fresh milk.

The young poet managed to poeticize the prose of peasant life. Under his pen are ordinary paintings that acquire a high poetic content and, most importantly, convey the poetry of a thousand-year-old peasant culture.

In the world of Yesenin, this poetic model of the “hut space” has not received sufficient development, although in his early work he will repeatedly sing the Russian hut or hut as main character peasant life, their homeland, "blue Rus'", as, for example,

in the poem "Goy you, Rus', my dear ...".

It not only recreates the image of a peasant paradise, but also the huts (huts) themselves appear in the form of icons in salaries (robes):

Goy you, Rus', my dear,
Huts - in the robes of the image ...
See no end and end -
Only blue sucks eyes.

But by about 1917, the key image of the hut in Yesenin's lyrics expands, growing into a house-hut, a house-family, a house-Temple, a house-Russia. There is a change of the lexeme "hut" to the lexeme "house". If the hut determines the chronotope of peasant life, then the house means the father's house, family, small homeland, Russia. This is both a concrete Konstantinovsky house, and a native village, a family and intimate world of a person:

Where are you, where are you, father's house,

Warming his back under the hillock?
Blue, blue is my flower
Rough sand.
Where are you, where are you, father's house?

The native house firmly holds a person on the ground, helps to withstand the hardships of life. F. Abramov spoke well about such a house in a novel of the same name: “A person builds the main house in his soul. And that house does not burn in fire, nor does it sink in water.

Yesenin's image of the House incorporates both the mythopoetic representations of the Russian people, and the sacred, symbolic meaning of the house, characteristic of the Russian national literary tradition. In modern research, many meanings of the semantics of the house are distinguished, which are also characteristic of Yesenin's lyrics. A house is also housing, a building, a place where a person is expected, loved, where
certain relationships with other people, where there is a family, a certain way of life, a connection between generations, where you can hide, retire, a place that a person feels like his own "I". But the house is also a spiritual house, the Temple, the place where the Motherland begins.

The motive of his lyrics is the motive of parting and meeting with his native home. But at the same time, parting with his native home for the poet is at the same time a farewell to "blue Russia". This "low house with blue shutters" is a symbol of the motherland, it is inseparable from the natural world. Therefore, the sadness of the mother, from whom the son leaves, is transmitted to nature itself:

I left my home
Blue left Rus'.
Three-star birch forest over the pond
The mother's old sadness warms.

The native home is always present in the mind, in the heart of the poet, and meetings with him, real and imagined, support him in the most difficult moments of life, resurrect tender feelings and memories:

This street is familiar to me
And this low house is familiar.
wire blue straw
Dropped over the window.

There were years of severe disasters,
Years of violent, insane forces.
I remember my village childhood
I remembered the rustic blue.

I did not seek glory or peace,
I am familiar with the vanity of this glory.
And now, when I close my eyes,
All I see is my parents' house.

I see a garden covered in blue
Quietly August lay down on the wattle fence.
They hold lindens in green paws
Bird chirping and chirping.

Yesenin's theme of an abandoned and newly found home, departure and return, includes the motif of the prodigal son, who
sounds particularly poignant in the lyrics and lyrical epic of the 1920s:

Again I returned to my native land.
Who remembers me? Who forgot?
I stand sadly, like a persecuted wanderer,
The old owner of his hut.

The image of the house in Yesenin's lyrics is associated with the house-Russia. But in the tragic period of post-revolutionary reality collapses
a traditional peasant house, they are trying to replace it with a “general propetarian house” (Platonov. “Kotpovan”). The traditional Russian village is dying out, peasant culture is losing its spiritual mycelium, and the parental home is burned down by fire. “Blue Rus'” is being replaced by “Soviet Rus'”, and there is no place for its recent singer in it:

I don't know anyone here
And those that remember, have long since forgotten.
And where there was once a father's house,
Now lies the ashes yes layer
road dust.

Yesenin's work of the 1920s is all imbued with the motif of homelessness, wandering, homelessness. Homelessness of the lyrical hero in the all-Russian home, native country:

and in my head a swarm of thoughts pass:
What is homeland?
Are these dreams?
After all, I'm a pilgrim for almost everyone here
sullen
God knows how far

The construction of a new, Soviet house in the revolutionary and post-revolutionary years turned into general homelessness and homelessness. At a time when proletarian poets sang of "the commune rearing Rus'", Yesenin is one of the first in our literature to write with pain in his heart about homeless Rus', the fate of thousands and thousands of Soviet Oliver Twists. There is no future for a country whose homeless children are left to fend for themselves:

But there is on this
sad earth,
That all the good
And the evil ones are forgotten.

Boys seven or eight years old
They scurry among the states without a prize,
Incorporeal gnarled bones
They are a sign to us
Heavy reproach.

IN Soviet years the hut with its age-old traditions leaves Russian poetry. For the last time, the poet will sing a song to her in the famous poem “The feather grass is sleeping. The plain is dear ... ", although the "golden log hut" here has already remained all in the past, along with its "blue Russia".

In the last years of Yesenin's life, the system of key images of his artistic work is changing. The poet makes a difficult path from a peasant poet to a poet of all-Russian and world scale, from singing a house-hut to a house in a person’s soul. A house that presupposes the self-worth of the individual human existence in the most diverse forms of being, what his favorite poet Pushkin artistically succinctly formulated: "The self-sufficiency of a person is a guarantee of his greatness."

Yesenin's hooliganism and his "Moscow Tavern" is not so much an escape from the soulless world as a challenge to it with their insubordination, marginal behavior. Unfortunately, some researchers like to savor the facts of Yesenin's biography related to his hooliganism. Significantly "went too far" in this regard and the creators of the television series "Yesenin" with Sergei Bezrukov in the title role.
Yes, Yesenin is the singer of the "golden log hut", "raspberry field", "blue Rus'". And this is how many of his readers and researchers of creativity wanted to see him and see him. But Yesenin is irreducible only to this topic.

His all-Russianness and universality, first of all, is that he is the spokesman of the human soul with its joys and pains, mood swings, sadness and sadness, faith and unbelief, hope and despair, what is revealed to us in the high, decisive moments of our existence. Unfortunately, for a long time we didn’t know and didn’t understand such a poet, and we considered poems about the drama of a person in a “life torn apart by a storm” as “decadent”.

Nature lives its deep, integral life: it rejoices, shines at the moments of sunrise, sad and sad at the hours of evening sunset. Yesenin's lyrical hero seems to respond to all this, feels and experiences, but these are all feelings caused by contemplation, they are secondary. His immortal soul experiences an unquenchable longing because her stay on earth is short, instantaneous, but she fell in love with this land so much that every day of her stay on it is perceived as another day of parting with her fields, fields, meadows and thickets:

Lovely birch thickets!
You earth! And you, plains sands!
Before this host of departing
I can't hide my anguish.
I know that in that country there will be no
These fields, golden in the mist.
That's why people are dear to me
that live with me on earth.

But despite the growing tragedy of the poet's perception of being, "his sadness is bright", there is no hopelessness in it. His lyrical hero seeks and finds harmony in life itself, its fleeting joys and various manifestations. In communion with the people with whom I had a chance to live, immortal nature with its imperishable beauty. And the "low house with blue shutters," which more and more often
appears in the poems of the poet of his last years of life, is no longer only a stepfather's house, a symbol of the Motherland, but also a saving house-Temple:

Lesson-reflection on the lyrics of Sergei Yesenin.

Theme "The theme of the House in the lyrics of S. Yesenin"

Lesson Objectives: 1) to show in development the artistic image of the House in the work of S. Yesenin, its philosophical depth, capacity.

2) to teach to analyze a lyrical work.

3) to cultivate love for the Fatherland, moral ideals; to awaken in children aesthetic experiences associated with the perception of poetry, music, painting.

Equipment: photos of Yesenin's mother. Tatyana Fedorovna, and at home in Konstantinov: texts of poems for each student; recording of a musical composition performed by an orchestra of folk instruments; reproduction of K. Petrov-Vodkin's painting "Mother".

DURING THE CLASSES

Introduction. Very soon you will have to write an exam essay. One of the topics offered at the exam is the so-called "cross-cutting", that is, traditional for Russian literature. We are talking about spiritual, moral categories: a person in search of a sisel of life, the theme of the Motherland, nature, love, mercy, honor and duty, etc. Today I propose to reflect on the theme of the house, which sounds especially alarming in XX century. Consider how the image of the House, the family hearth, develops in Yesenin's lyrics.

“Goy you, my dear Rus' ...” (1914). Against the background of music, an orchestra of folk instruments) I read a poem by heart.

- What is the mood of the poem? It sparkles with happiness, joy, permeated with love for the native land.

- Why does the lyrical hero compare himself with a passing pilgrim?

Wanderers-pilgrims went to holy places, monasteries, prayed to miraculous icons. And the lyrical hero worships fields, poplars, huts.

- Thanks to what is the characteristic image of a peasant hut born in the first stanza? (Due to the fact that the main thing is highlighted: “huts are in the robes of the image.”) What is an image? (Icons.) And the riza? (Gilded frame, icon salary.)

- What color image is adjacent to the metaphor of "hut-image"? "Only the blue sucks the eyes." Let's listen to the line. (I read, highlighting consonant sounds.) What did you notice in the sound of the line? Sound writing, alliteration for whistling consonants is used by the poet. And for what? What picture is being born? Blinding, corroding blue eyes. Do you know the feeling of a piercing blue expanse when you involuntarily squint your eyes?

- But Yesenin's color painting is symbolic. What does blue meanblue in early lyrics? It is heavenly, mountainous, exalted. “Something blue” Yesenin even heard in the word “Russia”: “It contains dew, strength, and something blue ...” It turns out that an elegant peasant hut is not just a dwelling, it is something sacred. Home is the embodiment of love.

- Let's see what sounds the poem is filled with.

Girlish laughter, dancing in the meadow - major sounds. And although there are no people in the poem, they are invisibly present in the sounds of folk festivals. The poet is not alone, he feels himself a part of his people.

- What smells does the poet convey? With which Orthodox holiday are they related? The smell of apples and honey is associated with the Savior.

It is a wonderful tradition to bring the first harvest of apples and the first harvest of honey to the temple. Our ancestors subtly felt their connection with nature; not masters, not conquerors, but children of nature, they felt themselves and "meekly" thanked the Creator for his generosity - maybe that's why Yesenin Spas called "meek."

So, all the images of the poem, color painting and even old Russian word"Rus" instead of "Russia" affirms the inextricable link between times, man and nature. Such depth is revealed to us in 20 lines of a youthful poem! .. Researchers say that Yesenin had practically no student period - he immediately declared himself as a great original poet.

- Let's summarize. I will start the sentence and you will finish. The image of a peasant hut in Yesenin's early lyrics is the personification of ... (Motherland, nature, home, continuity of generations, historical traditions of the people).

The image of a hut, a native home is found in many poems of the poet.

Hut-old woman jaw threshold

Chews the odorous crumb of silence...

Where are you. where are you, father's house.

Warming his back under the hillock? ..

I left dear house.

Blue left Rus' ...

Do you hear what notes creep into these verses?.. In the 1920s, the mood of the poems changed dramatically, and the romantic image of the hut was replaced by the eerie image of “skeletons of houses”. In the 1920s, the motif of returning to one's native home sounds more and more insistently ("Soviet Rus'", "Departing Rus'"). In the poem “Return to the Motherland”, Yesenin does not recognize his native home, in which on the wall instead of an icon there is “calendar Lenin”, “exactly like in the city”. The city is advancing on the village, strangling it with the "stone hands of the highway." And Yesenin's city is not only the embodiment of technical civilization, it is new ideology hostile to humans. Yesenin felt the death of the village earlier than others. And yet, although the icon was replaced by the “calendar Lenin”, and instead of the Bible in the hut “Capital” by Marx, Yesenin admits:

But somehow still with a bow
I sit down on a wooden bench.

- Why do you think...

And in another poem, “The feather grass is sleeping, dear plain ...” the poet admits:

I still remain a poet
Golden log cabin.

Yesenin was very homesick, for his mother, often visited Konstantinovo. In 1925, in the last year of his life, Yesenin was at home five times. During this period, he writes poems-messages to his grandfather, sister. Three poems are dedicated by the poet to his mother, Tatyana Fedorovna.

We listen to the poem "Letter to Mother" (music enters along with the theme of the house).

- Such a simple poem about yourself, about your love for your mother. And it seems to apply to all of us. Why is this happening? We all feel guilty about our mother. We offend, excite mothers, and they forgive because they love, because they regret. Tender tender words were found by the poet for his mother. Which?..

- Let's try to unravel the secret of the emotional impact of the poem. What style of words predominate here? colloquial, colloquial(very much, bitter drunkard, sadanet). This native language understandable to her. But in simple words can be expressed and lofty sense. Twice Yesenin resorts to high style. Have you already found this expression? Of course, this is the image of "evening unspeakable light." What does "unspoken" mean? (Unspeakable, which cannot be expressed in words.)

Evening light - how do you visualize it?

Blue, starry, lunar - coming from heavenly bodies. The pronoun "that" also indicates the higher origin of this light (not of this world). Like a halo, a radiance over the hut (for this is not just a hut, but a father's house), over a simple woman in an "old-fashioned dilapidated shushun" (for she is the Mother, the guardian angel).

It seemed to me that the poem and the painting by K. Petrov-Vodkin, a contemporary of Yesenin, are very consonant. And what do you think?

Both the poet and the artist sing of maternal love. We see both women in the hut. The same log walls, a wooden table, a glass of milk. But in simplicity lies the poetry of life.

Pay attention to the fact that the kiot is a goddess, the place for icons is ruined. And Yesenin: “And don’t teach to pray, don’t need to ...” But the Mother of God did not leave her mothers: neither old nor young. She always protects their children too... The same blue light as in the poem streams through the window into the upper room. The window occupies an important place in the composition of the picture, it connects the world of the house with the vast world. As if the artist wants to say that only a mother with her all-forgiving love will save the world. mired in endless wars, enmity.

- Let's get back to the poem. Finish the phrase: Yesenin's house in his later poems is the embodiment of ... (warmth, comfort, holy maternal love).

After the children's answers, we turn to the board, open the record, compare the students' conclusions with the thesis they were supposed to come to.

Board writing: The house in Yesenin's lyrics is the personification of the Motherland; a family hearth warmed by maternal love; Home is historical memory, spiritual cradle.

This is the concept of Yesenin's House.

On next lessons you can hold a seminar "The theme of the House in prose XX century", students will independently prepare reports on the novel by E. Zamyatin "-We", the story by A. Platonov "The Pit", the novels by M. Bulgakov "The White Guard". * Master and Margarita, M. Sholokhova Quiet Flows the Don.

Tsinbolenko Anna

The student, turning to the poetry of S. Yesenin, explores the artistic image of the house in the poet's work.

Download:

Preview:

S.A. Yesenin

Literature Study

Performed : Tsinbolenko Anna Alexandrovna

8th grade students

MOU "Gymnasium of Tyukalinsk"

Supervisor:

Prushinskaya Lyubov Mikhailovna

Teacher of Russian language

Literature.

MOKU "Gymnasium g. Tyukalinsk"

Plan:

1. Introduction.
2. Main part.

2..1. From the village of Konstantinovo to great poetry

2.2. House as an art image.

1. Conclusion.
2. Application.
3. Literature.

Introduction

Subject:

House as an artistic image in creativity

S. Yesenin.

Relevance:

It is interesting to know how the house is depicted in

poetry of S. Yesenin, what is the peculiarity of the artistic image "house".

Problem :

Is it possible to put an equal sign between the house of S. Yesenin and the house (artistic image) in creativity?

Object of study:

B biography of S. Yesenin. Poems

S. Yesenin.

Subject of study:

S. Yesenin's poems about the motherland, about the house.

Target:

To identify how the house appears in the lyrics of S. Yesenin; how art is created

house image.

Tasks:

To study the literature about the life and work of S. Yesenin. Read the poet's poems, choose for analysis exactly those where the word "house" is mentioned (and close in lexical-semantic group). Get acquainted with the memories of Yesenin. Track how the mood of the poet changes, depending on the year of writing. Analyze poetry.

Hypothesis:

It can be assumed that the poet S. Yesenin valued his home and therefore wrote about it with love in his poems.

Methods:

Study of the bibliography.

- analysis of lyric poetry.

- observation of the word in the context of the verse

Generalization of the material.

The work of S. Yesenin is close and understandable to everyone in our country. Probably, it is impossible to meet a person who would not remember by heart at least a few lines from his poems.

The poet could, with special lyricism and simplicity, tell about the most important, intimate. His poems open up the world of native nature to us, teach us to love our homeland, help to sort out our feelings.

In the course of this study, it is necessary to find out how the poet creates the image of the house in his poems, what techniques he uses to convey thoughts and feelings to the reader.

To do this, I must get acquainted with the bibliography on the life and work of S.A. Yesenin.

Having visited the library, I found out that the following books can be read about the life and work of the poet, which were published in different years: Bazanov Vasily. Sergei Yesenin and peasant Russia, Marchenko A. Yesenin's poetic world, Mikhailov A.I. Ways of development of the new peasant poetry, Father's Word: Sergei Yesenin. Writers about creativity, Prokofiev N.I. Yesenin and Old Russian Literature, Sergei Yesenin: Problems of Creativity, Solntseva N. Kitezh Peacock: Philological Prose: Documents. Data. Versions, Khlystalov E. 13 criminal cases of Sergei Yesenin.

According to the annotation, I found out that among these books there are those that can be useful to me, since they contain important information for my work about the life and work of S. Yesenin.

Main part

From the village of Konstantinovo to great poetry

Sergei Alexandrovich Yesenin was born on October 3 (September 21) 1895 in a peasant family in the village of Konstantinovo, Ryazan province. I went to haymaking with adults, I knew peasant work from childhood. He was surrounded by the warmth and care of his family. Appreciated the house. Sergei Yesenin said that "a village hut is like a temple", because it contains a lot of goodness and beauty.

The village of Konstantinovo stretched along the high bank of the Oka. From the cliff, the view opens up to the boundless distance beyond the river, water meadows, forest expanses, and the house was located opposite the church.

A close friend and researcher of S. Yesenin's work, Yuri Prokushev, talking about the life of the poet, draws our attention to the fact that the house in which Sergei Alexandrovich lived was surrounded by "poetry" - these places were so poetic. Everything influenced the development of Yesenin's gift: haymaking, night trips, that atmosphere folk poetry in which he grew up.

WITH early years fell in love with fairy tales, folk songs, ditties. Sergey also listened to "pious" chants. Grandmother took him with her, going to the monasteries. Grandfather knew many folk songs, which he sang in a drawn out voice. He loved to make riddles, testing Sergei for ingenuity and teaching him to be more attentive to the world.

Reading about the life of S. Yesenin, you can see that the poet from childhood could feel an inextricable connection with native nature. And this is possible only if you treat everything around you as a dear, holy place.

The time has come, Sergei Alexandrovich left his "birthplace" and ended up in Moscow, where his poetic life began.

So the poet S. Yesenin came to Russian poetry. Came here to talk about my feelings for home, dear and close people.

House as an art image

For further work I need to find out the meaning of the word "house". In the Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language by S.I. Ozhegov, the word "house" is given as ambiguous:

A house is a dwelling, one's own dwelling, as well as a family, people living together, their household. A place where people live, an institution, an institution.

Of these meanings, I need to single out those that can be "seen" in S. Yesenin's poems and try to understand how they are interpreted by the poet.

I think it's necessary to highlight the values:

A house is a dwelling, a building.

Home is family.

These values ​​determine the course of further research.

It is necessary to select poems in which the word "house" is used, classify them into groups: house-building (hut, hut); home is family.

After reading 30 poems of the poet, I singled out 22 - in which the word "house" occurs (in the meaning of "dwelling"). This includes verses with the words of this lexical-semantic group:

Hut;

Hut;

Hut;

Hut.

(“Kovyl is sleeping”; “Spring evening”; “In the hut”; “You are my abandoned land”; and many others)

close to the poet peasant world, he is familiar with the work of a plowman returning from the fields to his "hut"; in the poem "Spring Evening". In the poem “You are my abandoned land”, the huts did not just line up on the village street, but “carefully”. The author managed to find such a word that helps to see the image of an old hut, lopsided for a long time, fallen on one side from old age, or maybe from worries.

The lyrical hero lovingly addresses "do not grieve, my white hut."

Reading the poems of the early years, one can see that the house is dear to the poet, although he sometimes uses synonyms;

Hut;

Hut;

Hut.

Why? Probably, these words help to “fill” the word “house” with additional shades. We say "hut" - and immediately we see a cozy house, a tired face of a mother waiting for her son:

In 1916, the poem “The Road Thought About the Red Evening” appeared, in which the poet’s skill in creating vivid metaphorical images was manifested:

1. hut - old woman jaw threshold

chews the odorous crumb of silence.

Old hut. Evening. Silence.

But Yesenin is more figurative, livelier, thanks to the metaphor " hut - old woman"

The poem “In the hut” occupies a special place in early work: Literary critic P.N. Sakulin described him as follows: “Sweet, infinitely sweet” to the poet is a village hut. He turns everything into the gold of poetry - and soot over the shutters, and the cat that sneaks to fresh milk, and chickens, and roosters, and puppies that have climbed into collars.

It would seem that everything is so ordinary, but at the same time, already in this poem, researchers of S. Yesenin's work note that "the utensils of a peasant's hut here are an image of spiritual grace" (N.M. Solntseva). Reading this poem, we see that the poet wants to talk about his enthusiastic love for life, talk about its simple beauty.

But a house is not only a building, it is impossible to imagine a village house without carved patterned architraves, without a porch, a yard, where the owner will do everything at his own discretion, soundly, reliably ...

Let's illustrate this with examples from the texts:

1. Low house with blue shutters.
2. Our chamber, though small, is clean.
3. Snow on the porch

Like quicksand.

The poet, like a guide, takes the reader “through the halls”, even if this is just a small part of the world that is dear to the poet and he cannot and does not want to forget about it.

1. The winds didn't blow in vain

Silent milkiness does not oppress,

Star fear does not disturb.

I loved the world and eternity,

Like a parental hearth. (1917)

The poet is getting older, wiser, and yet he wants to feel the warmth of his native home - "parental hearth." Although he, of course, understands that time moves forward.

... Someone shouldn't sing on the hill

The native hearth is dreaming peacefully.

About the shoulders that died in the darkness.

It is impossible to imagine a peasant hut without an icon. There were icons both in the grandfather's house and in the house of S. Yesenin's parents.

The life of the poet was inextricably linked with Christian ideals. Therefore, we “find” icons in the poet’s poems:

silver bell

You sing? Does the heart dream?

Light from pink icon

On my golden eyelashes.

The poet himself in his philosophical and aesthetic treatise "Keys of Mary" explains that the peasant world and the church world are connected into a single image.

In the perception of the Russian poet, this mythopoetic image acquires a pronounced national flavor, appears in the form of a world tree: "everything from the tree - this is the religion of the thought of our people."

Peasant hut with all its subject details appearance and simple interior decoration becomes the personification of the world tree.

The core of the connection between heaven and earth, man, nature and eternity. And the essence of this "rod" is faith, it was she who tied together a person, earth, sky.

That is why the icon in the peasant's hut occupied the red corner and was decorated with embroidered towels.

(Huts, in robes of the image ...)

That is why they blessed with an icon, they hurried to cleanse the soul ...

For disbelief in grace.

Put me in a Russian shirt

Under the icons to die.

The house of a peasant is a whole world, the universe - everything is interconnected here:

Mother - father - family - hearth - faith ...

1. peasant hut,

The pungent smell of tar,

Goddess old,

Lamps meek light,

How good!

What I saved

All the sensations of childhood. (My way)

Turning to the poems of the second group, and these are poems in which the word "house" is used in the meaning of "close, dear people."

I found such poems that the poet dedicated to his relatives. And relatives (mother, father, sister, grandfather, grandmother) are his family, this is his home. In these poems, you can see how dear these people are to Yesenin.

He always remembered "grandmother's tales about Ivan the Fool", he remembered conversations with his grandfather.

Noteworthy are the words in these poems with diminutive suffixes (evaluative vocabulary): old woman, mother, grandmother. A special tenderness comes from these words, or perhaps these are belated words of remorse:

Dear old lady

Live how you live

I feel tenderly

Your love and memory.

It should be noted that these poems were written already in 1924, the poet tried to “pour out” his feelings, as if he lacked these warm heartfelt conversations:

Dear! Grandfather!

I am writing to you again...

under your windows

Now the blizzards are whistling ... (Letter to grandfather)

The poet convinces not only his grandfather of the need for steel horses, but also himself:

Then sit down, old man,

Sit down without tears

trust you

Steel mare.

In the collection of poems, I found four poems with a dedication: to Sister Shura “In this world I am only a passer-by”,

"You sing me that song"

"Oh, how many cats in the world,"

“I haven’t seen such beautiful ones” ...

All four poems are united by a confidential intonation, Yesenin talks with his sister, and with his mother, and with his grandmother, and with his home:

That's why I won't hide forever

That love is not separate, not apart

We have one love with you

This homeland was brought.

Wherever the poet is, he sees himself next to his family, next to home. There can be no love for home apart, apart from relatives.

After analyzing the poems of S. Yesenin, I believe that it is possible to single out poems in which

the word house is used in a broader sense. The poet moves away from the specific image of the house to the HOUSE, which symbolizes the homeland, native land:

I still remain a poet

Golden, log hut.

The poet of the "hut", it seemed, he was already glad to accept the tractor and other equipment, he was ready to agree with his sister, a Komsomol member, but in his heart he still remained a poet who glorified the peasant hut, the peasant world, his father's land.

Conclusion

In the course of the research, I tried to trace how the poet “builds a house” in his work - a HOUSE as an artistic image. As " building material» the poet masterfully uses the visual possibilities of his native language:

Epithets (blue, paternal, golden, cheerful)

Personifications (curly dusk behind the mountain waves a snow-white hand)

Comparisons (like earrings, girlish laughter will ring out)

Metaphors: (Knit lace over the forest

Clouds in yellow foam.)

Dialecticisms (It smells of loose drachens,

At the threshold in a bowl of kvass) ...

It is important for Yesenin not only to build a building, but also to instill a soul into it, which is why the words sound heartfelt: “Peace be with you, wooden house ...” The poet seems to bow to his origins - his BEGINNING - to all those dear people who taught to love their fatherland.

If the holy army shouts:

"Throw you Rus', live in paradise",

I will say: no need for paradise

Give me my country.

And the concept of "Motherland" includes a house, even if it is a rickety hut, a hut along which chickens walk, an old icon. This is his mother, and grandfather, and sister Shura, and that peasant world with which the poet was connected by invisible, but very strong threads.

Having put forward a hypothesis at the beginning of the study that Yesenin valued his home and therefore wrote about it with love in his poems, I believe that I managed to prove this.

And yet - very important - a person loves his home, his homeland not because he is beautiful, big, fashionable, but because this is his home, his homeland. And otherwise it is impossible.

Application

The West turned into a pink ribbon

The plowman returned to the hut from the fields (1912)

Outside slender mass

The roosters are singing.(1914)

Goy you, my dear Rus',

Huts - in the robes of the image ...(1914)

The huts are concerned

And there are five of them all.(1914)

It seemed to her a month over the hut

One of her puppies.(1915)

I will leave my hut

I will leave as a vagabond and a thief.(1915)

I'm here again, in my own family,

My land, thoughtful and gentle!(1916)

Beckons overnight, not far from the hut

The garden smells of sluggish dill ...(1916)

The red wings of the sunset are fading,

Quietly slumber in the fog wattle fences

Do not grieve, my white hut

That again we are one and alone.(1916)

Bushes of mountain ash of misty depth.

Chews the odorous crumb of silence.

Creeps in darkness to oatmeal yard;

Hugging the trumpet, sparkles in the light

Ash green from pink stoves (1916)

Are you still alive, my old lady?

So that rather from rebellious longing

Return to our low house. (1924)

low house with blue shutters

I will never forget you,

Were too recent

Resounding into the dusk of the year.(1924)

I will not return to my father's house

The ever wandering wanderer

About the departed over the pond

Let the hemp grower yearn(1925)

Our chamber, though small

But clean.

I'm with you at your leisure ...

This evening, my whole life is dear to me,

What a sweet memory of a friend(1925)

Snow on the porch, like quicksand.

Here is the same moon without words,

Pushing a hat from a cat on his forehead,

I secretly left my father's shelter.

Again I returned to my native land. (1925)

It's evening

Good and warm

Like in the winter by the stove.

And the birches stand

Like big candles. (1910 – 1925)

The road thought about the red evening

Autumn cold gently and meekly

Creeps in darkness to the oat yard. (1916)

Someone folded, someone sunk into darkness,

Someone shouldn't sing on the hill.

The native hearth is dreaming peacefully.

About the shoulders that died in the darkness. (1917)

The winds didn't blow in vain

Silent milkiness does not oppress,

Star fear does not disturb.

I loved the world and eternity,

Like a parental home.(1917)

silver bell

You sing? Or dream of the heart?

Light from pink icon

Under the red elm porch and yard,

The moon above the roof is like a golden hillock.

A face is dripped on the blue windows:

A gray-haired old man wanders through the cloud.(1917?)

Spring is not like joy

The darkness censed, and the evening is skinny

Twisted in a fiery carving,

I walked you to the grove

To your parent's hut.

And for a long time - long in a shaky slumber

I couldn't take my face off

When you with a gentle smile

He waved his hat to me from the porch. (1916)

Your voice is invisible, like smoke in a hut,

With a moderate heart I pray to you. (1916)

Where are you, where are you, father's house,

Grevshi back under the hillock?

Blue, blue is my flower

Not parched sand.

Where are you, where are you, father's house. (1917)

I'm tired of living in my native land

I'll walk through the white curls of the day

Look for poor housing.

And my beloved friend

He sharpens a knife for the bootleg.(1916)

Everything is alive in a special way

Skinny and undersized

Among the boys is always a hero

Often, often with a broken nose

I came to my home.(February 1922)

Yes! Now it's decided. no return

The low house stooped without me

My old dog is long gone.

On Moscow's winding streets

To die, to know, God judged me. (1922)

This street is familiar to me

I did not seek glory or peace,

I am familiar with the vanity of this glory.

And now, when I close my eyes,

All I see is my parents' house.

I loved this country house

A formidable wrinkle glimmered in the logs,

Our stove is somehow wild and strange

Howled on a rainy night.(1923)

I have one fun

So that for everything for my grave sins.

For disbelief in grace.

They put me in a Russian shirt

Under the icons to die.(1923)

Let you be drunk by others

Now I make peace with me

No coercion, no loss.

Rus' seems different to me,

Others - cemeteries and huts. (1923)

Sleeping Kovyl

And now that behold the new light

And my life touched fate,

I still remain a poet

Golden log cabin.(July 1925)

And sat in two rows

Listen to grandmother's tales

About Ivan - a fool.(1913 - 1915)

At the edge of the village is an old hut.

There, in front of the icon, he prays old lady. (1914)

Smiling old ladies

Old people squat

Watch with envy girlfriends

On silk braids.(1915)

Shards in the fire of gold coins.

Grandfather - as in jammica mica,

And the bunny of the sun plays

In a reddish beard.(1915)

The winds didn't blow in vain

Silent milkiness does not oppress,

Star fear does not disturb.

I loved the world and eternity,

How parent focus. (1917)

I left my home

Blue left Rus'

Three-star birch forest over the pond

The mother's old sadness warms.

golden frog moon

Spread out on still water.

Like apple blossom, gray hair

father spilled in the beard. (1918)

Are you still alive, my old lady?

I'm alive too. Hello you, hello!

Let it flow over your hut

That evening unspeakable light.(1924)

But there will be time

Dear, dear!

She will come, the desired time

Not for nothing we

Crouched by the guns:

He sat by the gun

This one is by the pen. (1924)

I left my home.

Dear! Grandfather!

I am writing to you again… (December 1924)

Hello Sister!

Hello Sister!

Am I a peasant, or am I not a peasant?!

Well, how is he caring now? grandfather

For cherries here, in Ryazan?(1925)

I have not seen such beautiful

Only, you know, I hide in my soul

Not in a bad, but in a good offense -

Mother I went to the Bathhouse through the forest,

Barefoot, with podtyki, wandered through the dew.

The herbs of the fortune-telling legs pricked her

Cried darling covered in pain. (1912)

Dear old lady

Live how you live.

I feel tenderly

Your love and memory. (1924)

After reading 30 poems of the poet,

I singled out 22 - in which the word "house" occurs,

The porch and the yard met me in poems 7 times.

Poems, where the icon - 2 times.

Fatherland - 3 times.

Native land - 5 times.

Elements of the home world - 4 times - this is a stove, a room.

Poems where home is close relatives - 13 times.

Literature.

1. Bazanov Vas. Sergei Yesenin and peasant Russia.- L., 1982.
2. Marchenko A. Yesenin's poetic world. - 2nd ed. - M., 1989.
3. Mikhailov A.I. Ways of development of new peasant poetry. L., 1990.
4. Father's word: Sergei Yesenin. Creative writers. - M., 1968.
5. Prokofiev N.I. Yesenin and Old Russian Literature \\ Sergey Yesenin: Problems of creativity.- M., 1978.
6. Solntseva N. Kitezh Peacock: Philological Prose: Documents. Data. Versions. - M., 1992.
7. Khlystalov E. 13 criminal cases of Sergei Yesenin.- M., 1994.
8. Prikhodko V.A. Comprehension of lyrics - M., 1988.
9. Voronina N.V., Egorova T.V. Russian language getting ready

for exams and olympiads - M., "Drofa" 2006.

1. Yesenin S.A. Favorites - M., 1999.
2. Naumov E.Sergey Yesenin. Personality. Creation.

Epoch- M., 1981.

1. Ozhegov S.I. Dictionary Russian language - M.,

1991.

1. Prokushev Yu.L. Time. Poetry. Criticism-M., 1980.
2. Semyonov A.N., Semyonova V.V. Russian Literature XX

in matters of assignments.

1. Solntseva N.M. Sergei Yesenin - M., 1999.
2. Timofeev L.I. Word in verse-M., 1982.
3. Encyclopedic Dictionary of a Young Literary Critic

M., 1988.