Experts declared mutual understanding the key to success
Americans Peggy Whitson, Jack Fisher and Ranodolph Breznik, who are on board the International space station, during a direct line with young astronauts shared their experience of preparing for a flight to the ISS. According to Winston, learning the Russian language was probably the most difficult task for her, but the astronauts called the ability to communicate in it one of the keys to success in their work.
Peggy Whitson is an astronaut who has spent a record time in space among women. According to her, mastering the Russian language was for her daunting task, and still she continues to experience some difficulties communicating on it. As a member of the ISS crew joked, she can’t find in herself a certain “center” responsible for learning foreign languages.
Jack Fisher, a colleague of Peggy Winston and the 550th Earthman in space, said that for all its complexity, learning Russian is a very important aspect of preparation. Moreover, according to the astronaut, members of expeditions to the ISS should not only understand the language, but also be familiar with the culture and traditions of their Russian colleagues. All this allows representatives to interact much more effectively. different countries between themselves. According to Fischer, this is one of the "keys to success" when working in a small international group.
In general, the astronauts suggested that each of the young astronauts would be more difficult to give their own aspects of training, and therefore they should help each other as much as possible. The ISS crew members also recommended that young people should not be shy about asking questions or offering their own solutions.
Names of 12 people included in the new set of astronauts of the American Aerospace Agency, in early June. This year, the number of applications from potential astronauts received by NASA was an absolute record - 18,353 people filed them.
Recently, Jack Fisher on his Twitter page a short but exciting video where you can see Milky Way. In the video, you can see more stars than can usually be seen from the surface of the Earth, especially when it comes to cities that are brightly lit even at night.
Initially, the American and Russian segments were planned for the International Space Station, but for American and European astronauts, knowledge of Russian was not required.
The shuttle Columbia crashed in 2003.
"Columbia" (Columbia) - the first to fly into space reusable transport ship, built under the American Space Transportation System program, better known as the Space shuttle. The construction of the Columbia spacecraft began in 1975, and on March 25, 1979, it was commissioned by the American Space Agency (NASA). The Columbia shuttle was named after the sailing ship on which Captain Robert Gray explored the inland waters of British Columbia (now the US states of Washington and Oregon) in May 1792. At NASA, "Columbia" had the designation OV‑102 (Orbiter Vehicle‑102). The reusable transport ship Columbia was heavier than the shuttles built later, and it did not have a docking module, so it could not dock with either the Mir orbital space station or the International Space Station (ISS). Its first flight took place on April 12, 1981. The crew commander was a veteran of the American astronautics John Young, the pilot was Robert Crippen.
From the last, 28th, flight "Columbia" did not return. The shuttle launched from the Kennedy Space Center at Cape Canaveral (Florida, USA) on January 16, 2003. The shuttle crew included astronauts Rick Husband, William McCool, Michael Anderson, Laurel Clark, David Brown, Kalpana Chawla and Ilan Ramon.
—
Israel's first astronaut.
Fighters were raised into the sky just in case. They controlled the airspace within a radius of 40 kilometers from the spaceport. Naval ships guarded a water area 50 kilometers wide.
The shuttle Columbia stayed in orbit for 16 days and crashed while returning to Earth on February 1, 2003. Upon entering the Earth's atmosphere at an altitude of several tens of kilometers, the ship broke up into fragments that fell on the territory of the US states of Texas and Louisiana. The first wreckage of the shuttle Columbia was found in the small town of Nagodosh in eastern Texas, near the Louisiana border, in a commercial bank car park. Some of them reached a length of more than a meter, others could fit in the palm of your hand, some of the fragments were charred. As a result of falling debris, damage was caused to private homes and office buildings. The wreckage was scattered over a distance of 200 kilometers.
And since 2011, NASA completely stopped the operation of space shuttles, after which all astronaut flights became possible only on Russian Soyuz spacecraft.
In this regard, NASA and the European Space Agency have included Russian language courses in their candidate training programs. Successful passing of the test has become one of the conditions for completing the training of astronauts, and those who are selected for a real flight to the ISS long time lived in Russian families.
It is clear that all astronauts or cosmonauts need to learn English or Russian, whichever is not their first language. But from a practical point of view, which language prevails for daily work when two people on the ISS need to communicate and not from the same country? I was especially struck This Video, in which two guys from a one-year team answer questions from a NASA interviewer, each in their own language.
Answers
osgx
The team said they would rely on a mix of languages and mixed cuisine when they were on board the international station.
“We jokingly say that we communicate in “Runglish”, a mixture of Russian and English, therefore, when we lack words in one language, we can use another, because all crew members speak both languages well,” said Krikalev. ,
"The menu will also be 'Runglish': part American and part Russian," Shepard added.
The English Wikipedia also has . In Runglish, if you don't know a word in the current language, you can say it in another language:
The term itself, in any case, usually dates back to 2000, when the not-quite-bilingual Russian-American crew of the International Space Station coined it to describe their onboard speech: lacking a word or phrase, they used what they knew and flooded around it ("Come on small Phillips screwdriver, Kostya "- give me a small Phillips screwdriver, Kostya).
Will you communicate?
(What language are you going to communicate in?)Today we will use Runglish. This is our unofficial language for the ISS program. It's called Runglish, it's a mixture of English and Russian.
joseph_morris
Great answer, thanks for taking the time.
osgx
There is an inscription on the wall, shown in November 2011. Youtu.be/3ErLtE3Lf9s?t=63 "Don't Touch This Cancer (Stand a3)" = don't touch this bar , Russian word"crayfish" (literally crustacean) was used to describe the word "shelving", perhaps unknown to the author ("rack") because of the similar pronunciation. Nearby there is another label - "DO NOT TOUCH this A3 counter"
ThePlanMan
When negotiating cooperation between Russia and the United States a lot of Effort has been given to determining how things will be handled. They agreed on where the training would take place, who would teach, what language they would teach, etc. The language of the training agreement was Russian, and at the time the US was spending a reasonable amount of money hiring translators to make sure nothing do in the learning process on the Russian side was skipped. However, the language in orbit was harmonized with English. This suggests that many of the languages spoken by crew members are a combination of two languages, this is indeed a situation that "works".
David Hammen
Besides this, perhaps also an urban legend: one day there was a technical problem in the negotiations for some vehicle (From cough ATV). The Russian leader and the American leader were both managers (that is, they were both technically inept). They agreed that a separate technical meeting should be held with "three people from Russia, three people from America and, of course, two translators." The two interpreters present cheered: “What? You have always treated us like excrement [another word was used], but this is worse. Now we don't even People!" The two interpreters then left the meeting.
03.07.2008 17:58
"Russian became the first language in space"
The head of the Federal Space Agency, Anatoly Perminov, is sure that cosmonautics can become the basis for any activity in the humanitarian sphere. The head of Roskosmos told the Russkiy Mir.ru magazine how this could happen.
– Anatoly Nikolaevich, how, in your opinion, can interaction between Roscosmos and the Russkiy Mir Foundation be organized?
– International activity Roskosmos may well become a "guide" of Russian culture abroad. Today, perhaps, there is not a single economically developed state with which we would not interact. Astronautics can be the basis for any activity in the humanitarian sphere.
For example, in early 2007, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation and the Federal Space Agency opened an exhibition in Paris dedicated to the Year of the Russian Language. In those days it was demonstrated and documentary prepared by our studio - "Cosmos speaks Russian". The film tells about how in the Moscow region star city astronauts are taught Russian. Foreigners need to know Russian for many reasons. Firstly, all our spacecraft have inscriptions and symbols in Russian, and most importantly, Russian has always been and remains an indispensable and important language for communication of the entire crew of the International Space Station.
We must not forget that Russian became the first language in space. If we remember history, the flight of Yuri Gagarin led to an unprecedented interest in Russia. And the launch of the first artificial satellite The earth was replaced by the widespread term "satellite". The word "satellite" was included in foreign dictionaries almost simultaneously with the launch of the device into space orbit. In bars Western Europe even Sputnik cocktails appeared, Sputnik hairstyles became the peak of fashion. There were cases when parents gave their children this name.
I think with the help of the Russkiy Mir Foundation we could open a Russian Center at Baikonur. However, the Baikonur Cosmodrome is important not only for Russia and Kazakhstan. Today it is an international space haven. Thousands of foreigners visit the spaceport every year.
You can also think about opening a Russian center in America, in Houston. But this requires the consent of all parties.
We may have general programs in the educational field. Here the Ministry of Education and Science can help us. Space is a fertile ground for enlightening not only adults, but also children. Last year, on the eve of Cosmonautics Day, we held public lesson from space. Schoolchildren - winners of the Olympiad - in live asked questions to the crew of the International Space Station. The half-hour broadcast was broadcast on the Russian news channel Vesti, which can also be watched abroad.
Exhibitions and competitions for children are held under the auspices of Roskosmos. Recently, guys who are fond of biology took part in the experiments of the space laboratory "Photon". They sent butterflies and silkworms into orbit. Projects like this help change the way children think. The world is very fragile. This is especially noticeable from space.
Together with the Russkiy Mir Foundation, we could well prepare a number of educational television and radio programs.
– We were proud of the Soviet cosmonautics. The world's first satellite, the first man in space. Is there anything to be proud of today?
- Probably, it will be loudly said, but this year is a turning point for the Russian cosmonautics. The state adopted the basics of space policy Russian Federation until 2020. New priorities and tasks have been set before astronautics.
First of all, deployable orbital constellations of space vehicles must meet the needs for results space activities for the economy, social sphere, science and security of Russia.
An important task is to have guaranteed and independent access to outer space from its own territory.
We will continue to actively develop manned space exploration, implement large-scale space projects for more efficient use of near-Earth space and in-depth study and development of remote celestial bodies solar system. This requires the creation of advanced launch vehicles and manned transport systems.
The revision of the Federal target program GLONASS, the Federal Space Program, increasing their resource support. 6 GLONASS, Meteor-1 and other satellites are being prepared for launch.
A decision was made to build the Vostochny Cosmodrome in the Amur Region. In 42 months, we must complete the design and survey work and start construction in 2011. And by 2015, the first launch of a spacecraft or a cargo ship to the ISS should take place. And by 2018, the first manned flight is planned.
The implementation of the international project with the European Space Agency - "Soyuz in the Guiana Space Center" is being successfully carried out. The spaceport in French Guiana can also be considered as a platform for cooperation between Roscosmos and the Russkiy Mir Foundation. But this does not mean that we are leaving Baikonur. These are new opportunities.
We are actively working on the Arktika project. As part of this, Russian spacecraft will monitor the entire Arctic, primarily its shelf, in order to develop minerals - gas and oil. Lack of reliable permanent information from the polar caps of the Earth - a big problem and for hydrometeorology. Our project has already been supported by Norway, Finland and other countries. There are other plans as well.
How to become an astronaut today?
- At the dawn of the space age, only the best military pilots were selected as astronauts. For example, Yuri Gagarin was a pilot of naval aviation, which absorbed two elements - the sea and the sky.
Then the first detachment of civilian cosmonauts and flight engineers appeared.
Today, almost everyone can fly into space. The main thing is to set yourself such a goal. For this it is necessary higher education and good health. And professions can be very different: from a biologist to a geologist - a future explorer of the Moon or Mars.
By the way, in the CTC near Moscow, where our cosmonauts are trained, you can also think about opening a Russian center.
There is another, more expensive way to space: to become a space tourist. This autumn, the sixth space tourist, American Richard Garriott, will go into orbit on the Russian Soyuz spacecraft. His father is the famous American astronaut Owen Garriott. Richard failed to become a professional astronaut, his eyesight failed. But he was able to pay for a trip to space worth more than $20 million. By the end of the year, his dream, I hope, will come true.
I think that in the near future space tourism will develop in other countries and become more accessible. There will be suborbital flights. But it's more of an entertainment. Space exploration needs to be taken seriously. Still need to learn and solar system, and our galaxy.
It is clear that all astronauts or cosmonauts need to learn English or Russian, whichever is not their first language. But from a practical point of view, which language prevails for day-to-day work when two people on the ISS have to communicate, and not from the same country? I was especially struck This Video, in which two guys from a one-year team answer questions from a NASA interviewer, each in their own language.
Answers
osgx
The team said they would rely on a mix of languages and mixed cuisine when they were on board the international station.
“We jokingly say that we communicate in “Runglish”, a mixture of Russian and English, so when we lack words in one language, we can use another, because all crew members speak both languages well,” said Krikalev . ,
"The menu will also be 'Runglish': part American and part Russian," Shepard added.
The English Wikipedia also has . In Runglish, if you don't know a word in the current language, you can say it in another language:
The term itself, in any case, usually dates back to 2000, when the not-quite-bilingual Russian-American crew of the International Space Station coined it to describe their onboard speech: lacking a word or phrase, they used what they knew and flooded around it ("Come on small Phillips screwdriver, Kostya "- give me a small Phillips screwdriver, Kostya).
Will you communicate?
(What language are you going to communicate in?)Today we will use Runglish. This is our unofficial language for the ISS program. It's called Runglish, it's a mixture of English and Russian.
joseph_morris
Great answer, thanks for taking the time.
osgx
There is an inscription on the wall, shown in November 2011. Youtu.be/3ErLtE3Lf9s?t=63 "Don't Touch This Cancer (Stand a3)" = don't touch this bar, the Russian word "rak" (literally crustacean) was used to describe the word "rack", perhaps unknown to the author ("stand") due to such a pronunciation. Nearby there is another label - "DO NOT TOUCH this A3 counter"
ThePlanMan
When negotiating cooperation between Russia and the United States a lot of Effort has been given to determining how things will be handled. They agreed on where the training would take place, who would teach, what language they would teach, etc. The language of the training agreement was Russian, and at the time the US was spending a reasonable amount of money hiring translators to make sure nothing do in the learning process on the Russian side was skipped. However, the language in orbit was harmonized with English. This suggests that many of the languages spoken by crew members are a combination of two languages, this is indeed a situation that "works".
David Hammen
Besides this, perhaps also an urban legend: once there was a technical problem in the negotiations for a certain vehicle ( From cough ATV). The Russian leader and the American leader were both managers (that is, they were both technically inept). They agreed that a separate technical meeting should be held with "three people from Russia, three people from America and, of course, two translators." The two interpreters present cheered: “What? You have always treated us like excrement [another word was used], but this is worse. Now we don't even People!" The two interpreters then left the meeting.
