On the territory of this city, located in the Rudny Altai at the foot of the Ivanovsky Range, in the upper reaches of the Ulba River (a tributary of the Irtysh), people settled in the Stone Age, as evidenced by archaeological excavations. And it became famous in 1786, when the richest deposit containing gold, silver, polymetals was discovered here. In 1850, the found ores received the highest rating at the World London Exhibition, and in 1879 their samples were included in the collection of the Museum of the Stockholm Royal Technical Institute.

The name Ridder is likely to mean little to most Kazakhs. 'Cause Ridder's town Soviet times called Leninogorsk. Under this name, he is known to middle-aged people. But the oldest people still know him as Ridder, which he, in fact, was until the 40s of the last century. So, to summarize - Ridder first became Leninogorsk, and then Ridder again.

Replaceable monument

So, the city of Lenin again became the city of Ridder. On this occasion, dramatic changes took place on its main square - Lenin was removed from the pedestal and sent somewhere far away, and put in his place ... But no! The stone was placed. And on it - a bas-relief of Ridder.

What caused such a passionate love of the townspeople for a man with a strange surname Ridder? Only history!

And the story with Ridder is typical for Rudny Altai. Somehow Philip Ridder, a young mining engineer, was walking through the mountains, walking and walking, and he found what he was looking for. Serious riches of local subsoil, which have no equal in the whole of Altai. It was back in 1786. The local mining settlement became a city only in 1932. But still - the city of Ridder, and Leninogorsk it was made later, ten years later.

Philip Ridder discovered not only the richest deposits of ores, but also over fifty varieties of ornamental stones. Magnificent vases, caskets, pedestals, columns were made from Ridder jaspers and breccias. The Hermitage exhibits some of these works of art.

For merits in the search for deposits of ores and colored stones in June 1786, he was promoted and received awards: the Order of St. John of Jerusalem, the Order of St. Vladimir, 4th degree.

Was here…

The unique geology and fascinating geography attracted many wonderful people to Ridder. Here, for example, visited the founding father modern geography Alexander Humboldt. In August 1829. During his famous and difficult expedition across Russia, during which Humboldt reached Altai. The difficulty of the expedition was that the world famous scientist was everywhere met with purely Russian attention and hospitality, so that dinners were remembered more than research.

True, here the Ridders excelled. According to the recollections, in Ridder, Humboldt and his comrades were taken to stand up a few crappy kennels, and in addition they were kept all day without food. Therefore, here eminent Germans finally saw a lot of things that they could not see from the tables in other places in Russia. Humboldt descended into the mines, inspected the upper reaches of the Ulba and even looked beyond the Ivanovsky squirrel - to the noisy and wild river Gromotukha.

Another famous visitor to Ridder was Peter Semyonov (Tyan-Shansky), who stopped by here before traveling to the Tien Shan in the summer of 1856. By that time, the attitude towards travelers had changed dramatically here. “It was not yet quite dark when we finally reached Riddersk, where we found the most cordial hospitality in the house of an educated mining engineer at the Ridder mine,” recalled Semyonov.

Semyonov also visited the mines, visited Gromotukha and even climbed to the top of the Ivanovsky Squirrel, where he fell into severe weather and caught a cold so that he was forced not only to change his immediate plans, but also to recover on the way to the Tien Shan, on the Kapalsky Arasans.

The road from Ust-Kamenogorsk to Ridder is remarkable for its views that the picturesque spurs of Altai give the traveler at any time of the year. In winter, when everything is covered with a soft and cold thickness of snow-white snow, local villages look especially mysterious and enchanted. As, by the way, the villages founded by the Old Believers, who fled to the Altai in the 18th century in search of the mysterious promised land - Belovodye, should look like. The descendants of those Old Believers live, or rather, live in these villages to this day. Young people, however, no longer cling to what was the meaning of life for many generations of ancestors.

Of the villages encountered along the way, Zimovye is the most picturesque, freely stretched between hills overgrown with fir.

Ridder is similar to Rio de Janeiro. Because all its quarters and districts are separated by low hills and beautiful pine forests. So, in fact, this is not a city, but several mining villages and a regional center scattered across intermountain basins. To make the picture more complete, you need to add mines and mines to this - with the smoke of stokers and towers of elevators that meet your gaze here and there.

Of the sights, I would advise you to explore a small local history museum (next to the main square) and a botanical garden. However, the latter is unlikely to impress in the winter. Fans of Sov-art can look for a monument to Kirov. (Or they may not find it - time is against it).

The best hotel in the city - "Altai", is also located near the monument to Ridder. There are also a few good places here. Catering. At the Ridder Bazaar, you can buy pine nuts, fur mittens and frozen fish. In winter, frozen fish is the standard of frostbite. If you take two fish and knock one against the other, then a slight ringing is heard, as if they were made of iron. But this is not surprising. After all, the temperature outside is such that even the most advanced Korean refrigerators cannot reach.

For lovers of skiing, right in the city there is a slope for skiing from the mountains, and in the surroundings there are numerous ski tracks for those who like to run or walk. The surroundings of Ridder, I say responsibly, are worth walking around!

Here is a map of Ridder with streets → East Kazakhstan region, Kazakhstan. We study detailed map Ridder with house numbers and streets. Real-time search, today's weather, coordinates

More about the streets of Ridder on the map

A detailed map of the city of Ridder with street names will be able to show all the routes and roads where the street is located. Chapaev and Gogol. The city is located near.

For a detailed view of the territory of the entire region, it is enough to change the scale of the online scheme +/-. On the page is an interactive map of the city of Ridder with addresses and routes of the microdistrict. Move its center to find Pobeda and Gagarin streets.

The ability to plot a route through the territory - the Ruler tool, find out the length of the city and the path to its center, addresses of attractions.

You will find all the necessary detailed information about the location of the city's infrastructure - stations and shops, squares and banks, highways and lanes.

Accurate satellite map Ridder (Ridder) with Google search is in its rubric. You can use the Yandex search to show the house number on the folk scheme of the city in the East Kazakhstan region of Kazakhstan / the world, in real time. On the page

Although the historical Rudny Altai is Barnaul, Zmeinogorsk, Salair, Kolyvan, nowadays Rudny Altai is by default called the extreme north-east of Kazakhstan, the "small" East Kazakhstan region before its unification with Semipalatinsk. Maybe because Altai is still Rudny here: lead, zinc and most of the periodic table are mined here. Ridder, former Leninogorsk, a small industrial city (49 thousand inhabitants) 120 kilometers from the regional Ust-Kamenogorsk, is considered to be the heart of this region. Ridder - the most mountainous in Rudny Altai or the most ore in Gorny Altai? In any case, this is the most ethnically Russian city in Kazakhstan - the Kazakhs here make up only 13% of the population.

The history of Rudny Altai was once told in Barnaul and Zmeinogorsk. The first expeditions in search of silver came to Kolyvan back in the 17th century, but only the expedition, which was equipped by the "iron king" of the Urals Akinfiy Demidov, was successful. The fact is that in the Urals there were all the resources and technologies for minting coins, and for example, a state-owned one, when a convoy with a salary for workers got stuck in the gullies, simply minted a salary on the spot. Demidov, of course, glancing at this, decided "I'm worse than that?" and began work in this direction, and there were many legends about the counterfeit Demidov coin and the flooded cellars with serfs in the Urals. Rudny Altai is the son of the Gornozavodsky Ural: in 1723, the lands in its foothills were transferred to the ownership of the Demidovs as the Kolyvano-Voskresensky mining district. In 1726, the Kolyvansky plant started working, in 1737 - in 1744 -. With the death of Akinfiy Demidov in 1745, the project stalled, but the mines had already been explored, the infrastructure had been created, communications had been established - and the State, which needed more silver, got down to business. Factories in what was then Russia were divided according to the form of ownership into 3 categories: private, state-owned and office. With the first two, everything is generally clear, but the third ones were not even the property of the state, but personally of the sovereign-emperor, controlled by the Cabinet of His Majesty, and Rudny Altai became the cabinet. Officials, oddly enough, turned out to be stronger business executives in Altai than merchants: in 20 years, silver production increased from 44 to 1300 (!) Poods per year. Dozens of factories, mines and related enterprises such as grinding mills (in our words, stone-cutting factories) appeared on the Ob and Tom. The "center of gravity" of the Rudny Altai during its heyday fell on the current Altai Territory and Kemerovo region, but still the richest mines were found closer to the Irtysh. In 1786, at the foot of the Ivanovsky Ridge in the Zmeinogorsky district, a mining officer, Philip Ridder, explored a large lead-zinc deposit. Soon bonded peasants, Old Believers "Poles" and convicts were driven there, and the Ridder mine began to work at full capacity.

But the end of the entire Altai industry was swift and inglorious: that the Gornozavodsk Urals, that the Rudny Altai "slept through" the steam revolution, and although the construction of new mines, dams and factories was in full swing in the first half of the 19th century, the Russian water industry could no longer compete with advanced English technologies. By the middle of the century, inertia was over, and the Rudny Altai was a pitiful sight, working on last word technology of the time of Catherine II. Somehow it all survived only due to not even cheapness, but the slavery of the labor force, this robotization of past eras ... With the abolition of serfdom, the authorities calculated how much they would have to pay hired workers, but grabbed their heads and decided that it was easier to bury all this . The mines and factories of Altai began to close one by one, and by the end of the 19th century, Altai was practically deindustrialized. Barnaul or Zmeinogorsk, Salair or Suzun, as metallurgical centers, could no longer be revived. But in the wake of the industrial boom of the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, foreign investors became interested in the Southern Altai. In 1903, the Austrian company "Thurn und Taxis" tried to revive the Ridder mine, but in fact it was only enough until 1907. In 1911, the tsarist government officially terminated the contract with her, transferring Riddersk to the ubiquitous Briton Leslie Urquhart, whose most famous brainchild was Karabash. Under Urquhart, things at the Ridder mine took off, literally and figuratively, and soon there was a revolution, and industrialization was intercepted by the Soviets. From the village of Riddersky, in 1927, the working settlement of Ridder was formed, in 1934 it became a city, and in 1941, for obvious reasons, it was renamed Leninogorsk. Leninogorsk he remained in the memory of many, and although the name Ridder is more sonorous, shorter and easier for the Kazakh ear, in Altai many call it the old fashioned way. The city became Ridder again in 2002, and it took so long to rename it because there were other options: I could write now not about Ridder, but about Kunaev. If Nursultan Nazarbayev left the ferrous metallurgy of Temirtau, then the previous Elbasy Dinmukhammed Akhmedovich was engaged in polymetals and during the war he was the director of the Ridder mine. And this position was much more important than it seems: during the war years, 80% of Soviet lead was mined here, that is, most of the bullets and shells fired at the enemies "flew" from here.
The former Leninogorsk is a Soviet city in appearance, but even after Ust-Kamenogorsk it impresses with the total predominance of Slavic faces. Such, perhaps, were the cities of Northern Kazakhstan under the Soviets:

The bus, meanwhile, drove through almost the entire Ridder and stopped in the Old Town - the uppermost area in front of the mine. A couple of hundred meters from the bus station is St. Nicholas Church, rebuilt from the bank building (1939). It was equipped as a temple in 1997, and a high bell tower was built on in 2010, and the fact that the construction of a large white cathedral in the city center did not continue is perhaps the most visual difference between Ridder and Russian cities. Behind the temple, pay attention - a high dump:

I was much more puzzled by the house with a mezzanine near the temple. Alas, the property of the Kazakh Altai is an extreme lack of information about architectural monuments, so I have not found a single line about the origin of this house. But after the mining backwoods of the Urals, I am almost sure that this is some kind of house of a mining chief or a factory management of the early 19th century. However, as he writes makeev_dv , I was mistaken - this is a typical house for 2 apartments according to the project of 1949.

The lane where it stands leads to the main street of Kurek in the Old City, which the old people called the Stick - they drove through the system of the wronged workers. Riddersk was a large settlement (3-4 thousand inhabitants in the 1850s - this is more than many cities), but like any other settlement in Rudny Altai, it was an incredibly gloomy place, in fact, a legal labor camp, where assigned workers had a position it was worse than the convicts - they will work out their own and go free, and this will work until the end of their days, or at least until they are completely sick. Only in 1849, this penal servitude, upon the fact of birth, had a term of 35 years, from 1852 - 25 years, and there it was not far before the collapse of Rudny Altai. The children of the workers in the documents were listed as "mountain youngsters" and entered the service from the age of 12, but in fact, in our country, as in Dickensian England, child labor was exploited. Children crushed ore, and measured the size of the pieces with their mouths, which, to put it mildly, did not benefit their health. Many terrible stories about the local past were told to me in - most actively in search of Belovodye, people fled from the "cabinet" lands. For example, once a boss put 13 workers in a vat of ice water. because they overfulfilled the plan- not for long, so that it was disrespectful, but he was distracted by some guests. When, two hours later, he remembered the workers, seven of them died, and the remaining five did not begin to be pumped out, but, arguing that "they will reach there," they carried them to the death room. More reliable is the case when the boss immured the obstinate old man by the name of Maltsev alive in an old adit. If an accident happened in the mine, someone could very well slander himself in the murder in order to leave the mines altogether after years of hard labor. Well, as the end of all these horrors - the work schedule: for 12 hours a day, the workers worked one week during the day, the second week at night, and on the third week they rested ... and it's easy, I think, to guess how they rested. Everyone drank in Rudny Altai - both old and small, and kerzhak, and Kazakh. History, with a description of the working order, . And although the huts themselves along Stick Street were most likely built later, perhaps under Urquhart, the road of stick strikes itself remained.

But the architraves on many houses are good, and not very reminiscent of the gloomy past:

At the end of the street - school number 12 built in the 1930s:

I was puzzled by the entrance with a turntable - they usually make these where cattle roam, and here, in addition to the turntable, there is also a whole obstacle course with a single bridge.

Opposite the school there are several barracks of the same years, but with an individual entrance to each apartment. The industrial zone hugs Ridder from two sides, and those pipes belong to the Leninogorsk polymetallic plant near the center:

And the Ridder GOK hangs over the Old City from the other side, systematically devouring the domed mountain. The set of metals is generally the same - zinc, lead, copper and antimony, a little - silver and gold.

And in general, the whole Old Ridder looks something like this - black huts, lush greenery, muddy mud underfoot, fogs on the mountains and smoke above the chimneys. We walked a circle along the secondary streets, but what differed from the previous shots was only this hoopoe, followed by a cat from the alley:

At the other (relative to the school) end of Kurek Street, constructivism suddenly showed up. On one side of the street is a former factory-kitchen:

On the other - Chetyrka, a four-story House of specialists and mine authorities (1933):

Moreover, I would say that this is the best (in its current, not original form) monument of constructivism in Kazakhstan. Because Kazakhstan is amazingly poor in this style - I can immediately recall several buildings (but those are hopelessly and repeatedly done), DKZD in, some stations and some other little things. This house among them - if not the most perfect, then certainly the most authentic.

Behind the house is a monument. I don’t know if only two workers perished in the local mines in a hundred years, or if it’s just a monument to only one tragedy. On May 26, 1929, a fire broke out in the Sokolny mine, the old foreman Vasily Priezzhev died, and then the rescuer Ivan Nemykh, who participated in his search, died.

The monument is turned into a park, and the park in Old Ridder is quite extensive, but it is an incredibly pathetic sight. Actually, half of the park is already gone - only wastelands between rare trees, and on these wastelands a Kazakh woman with a couple of children grazed two cows. I really wanted to take a picture of them, but they apparently understood how it looked from the outside, so any of my glances in their direction turned into a much closer look of them in my direction. Whether the cow understands the command "face!", I did not want to check.

From the park we again went to the bus station and walked slowly down Kirova Street, leading to the city center through the floodplain of the Bystrushka and Khariuzovka rivers built up with the same huts. On the way - a funny house-turtle of Stalin's times:

And carved houses with platbands:

A drunk was lying on the bank of one of the rivers near the bridge, and we tried to cheer him up - it was still not hot at all, and at night he had every chance not to catch a cold like that. It was not possible to push him away, and a couple of passers-by, to whom we turned, sullenly answered "what have we got to do with it?". I did not call anyone, but maybe it was right - three hours later, driving past the same place to the bus station, I did not find a drunken body by the river.

Meanwhile, beyond Khariuzovskaya, the border of the Old City is already visible - the huts are replaced by Stalins:

The center is no longer the village of Riddersky, but the city of Leninogorsk, opens with a powerful stalin with stucco and a peeling date:

Opposite is the lyceum building, decorated with mosaics:

And the next house from the 1930s...

He looks at the powerful crossroads of 5 directions, marked by a monument to Kirov. To the right, Pobeda and Bezgolosva streets lead to the station, and the greenery on the left is the beginning of the boulevard on Independence Avenue:

On opposite sides of its beginning there are a pair of symmetrical houses, the left of which is siding almost to the top. But I photographed not so much him as snow clouds on the mountains - an amazing sight for a dweller of the plains:

Then we go down Victory Street. Almost at the monument to Kirov - former school No. 8. Despite the "pioneer" badge and the Russian-language inscription, it is called "Shanyrak", and now Kazakh, and at the same time pontoon - passing by at the end of the lessons, we saw exclusively Asian faces, and for many children, parents came in very good cars. There are few Kazakhs in Ridder, but more in all sorts of positions.

I was attracted in this direction by a tall brick chimney of a completely pre-revolutionary appearance. The building in the foreground is the Kazzinc office, and something from the 1930s may well be hiding under the siding:

I wanted to see where the pipe was growing from, but nothing interesting was found there. The building, which looks like an old warehouse, is a completely obvious remake. The pipe belonged to the bathhouse!

Pobeda Street led us to a quiet train station. The first horse-drawn narrow-gauge railway from here to Ust-Kamenogorsk with its Irtysh port was extended by Leslie Urquhart in 1916. Complete Railway was built in 1934-37, and at that time was clearly one of the most difficult (per kilometer of the way) in the Soviet Union. Its station was originally called Ridder, but even with the return of the historical name to the city, it remained Leninogorsk. Three trains leave from here - to Ust-Kamenogorsk (Zashchita station), to Astana and, suddenly, to Tomsk, as a reminder that the Ridder volost was part of the Zmeinogorsk district Tomsk province. The locals unanimously call this route "political", which is supported to be ... but we know that this is not about Russian Railways.

At the station, cows wedged into traffic:

At some distance - a boardwalk hut. This is Chapaev Street, a kind of "internal bypass" of the center, leading along the railway to the local entrance Baiterek. Frames No. 13 (where wooden sculptures are carved) are also from her.

We went back to the center. The hospital building, despite its restrained appearance, is post-war, according to a standard project of 1948 - in general, I noticed more than once that in the first years after the war in the USSR, constructivism was revived for a short time, and without being officially called that:

The Ridder yard is quite ordinary, not counting the snow-capped mountains in the distance:

Coming out on Independence Avenue, I saw in the square behind it a low building, similar to a pre-revolutionary house. But having reasoned that there was nowhere to take a pre-revolutionary woman in this part of the city, and therefore there was probably a remake there, and I was tired and hungry, so I did not approach him. It turned out - very in vain, since this is the only official architectural monument in Ridder - the old library, and now the office of the Party, built according to the project of the exiled Pole Franz Ivanchuk. It was not the tsarist authorities from the Privislensky provinces who exiled him, but the Soviets from Moscow in the 1930s, and in Ridder Ivanchuk became the chief architect of the "high Stalinism" era. But he managed to build this library before the war. In general, we didn’t come to her in vain - only a terrible old photo is found on the Internet:

1930s and the cinema named after Mayakovsky, although it has long been no longer a cinema, but a furniture store:

Stalinkas along the boulevard are getting more powerful:

And as I understand it, the whole further ensemble is also the brainchild of Ivanchuk:

The avenue leads to a huge (100 by 600 meters) Independence Square, piercing its side:

A little beyond the square there was a cafe "Lakomka", a kind old Soviet canteen, which turned out to be an unexpectedly pleasant place - the food is delicious, and there is Wi-Fi, and next to us, well-groomed-looking Russian women were sitting around a laptop and apparently spent brainstorm some project.

From the side of the Ulba Ridge on the square - the Palace of Culture and, apparently on the pedestal of Ilyich, a modest monument to Philip Ridder with the inscription "This mine was opened by me on the very Trinity Day of May, 31 days." There is another drunken man on the bench, but we did not disturb this one - the place is crowded, someone will react.

Against the background of the Ivanovsky ridge - a square with sculptures of marals, bears and dancing Kazakh women:

Behind him is the Eternal Flame. In Altai, these monuments are often made in a ring (Barnaul, Slavgorod) - because the brave guys from the village in Altai, without whom front-line prose is indispensable, did not descend from the mountains of the Altai Republic, but came from Barnaul villages and East Kazakhstan mining depths. And all the names can not fit on a straight wall:

At the end of the square there are five-story buildings with constructivist-looking ends, although judging by the dates on the fronts, they were built in the 1960s:

Gagarin Avenue, on which the Eternal Flame stands, is also the last street, followed by the Sokolok park climbing the hills:

The hills near the city stadium are also treeless, and of course we climbed up to admire the city from there. This is what Ridder looks like from a height, and looking ahead I’ll say that it looks like small Ust-Kamenogorsk or big Zyryanovsk - the cities of Rudny Altai, although each with its own characteristics, are generally similar, like relatives. And always - with high smoking chimneys against the backdrop of mountains.

LPK (Leninogorsk polymetallic plant) was built in the late 1930s with the launch of the railway. Pay attention (this is better seen in the frame above) how the mountain is bald in the direction of the smoke:

Behind the hills there are several more small areas. The Gromotukha valley cuts deep into the Ivanovsky Range. Ridder is not only a mining town, but also a ski town, and it seems to be not bad even in this sense.

More to the left, from behind the hill, a mosque appeared, by the way, named after Kunaev, and behind it, the newest and most colorful 6th microdistrict in the city. This is not accidental: Kazakhization differs from Ukrainization in that it is done quietly, but smartly - for example, through a resettlement program from the south to the north of the country. Kuchma or Yushchenko did not think of creating conditions for the mass movement of Galicians to Crimea, but Nazarbayev, with his "Galicia" () and "Crimea" (Altai), organized this. In these houses, Kazakhs-southerners received most of the apartments:

The end of the hill is gnawed by a quarry, behind which are all sorts of stadiums and swimming pools ... and the prospect of the Ulba valley. The woman in the foreground, seeing our cameras, tried to tell us something about the barbaric cutting down of public gardens... but realizing that we were not journalists, she apologized. A common case in general in non-tourist places is a camera as a sign to someone of a terrorist, to someone of a journalist.

Having descended from the hill, we returned to Gagarin Avenue. In its last quarters, ordinary Khrushchevs:

Only Seiyaas realized that I don’t remember in Ridder any monuments to either Abai, or Abylai, or other heroes of Kazakh history. Maybe they are, but not in the most prominent places. And here is a monument to the Afghans with a shot through star:

And under construction, judging by the appearance very slowly, a chapel-monument:

But the most interesting thing here is the thick pipes, through which, as if through a canal, a lot of bridges are thrown - somewhere capital, and somewhere from improvised materials. . And the funny thing is that this is really a canal: the pipes belong to the Leninogorsk cascade of HPPs - one of the most interesting projects at the dawn of GOELRO. In general, Rudny Altai is the cradle of Russian hydropower, and the first Bystrushinskaya hydroelectric power station in Ridder (1916) was by no means the first in these parts at all. In 1925-30, the Verkhne-Khariuzovskaya and Nizhne-Kharizouvskaya HPPs were added to it, in 1931-37 - the much more powerful Ulbinskaya HPP, and in 1949 - the Tishinskaya HPP, which replaced Bystrushinskaya and Nizhne-Khariuzovskaya. It turned out to be a very interesting system: 30 km from the city there is the Maloublinskoye reservoir, which in fact is a hard-to-reach and picturesque mountain lake, its water, if necessary, is discharged into Gromotukha, on which the Khariuzovskaya hydroelectric power station operates. But Gromotukha and Tikhaya will still merge, but in a straight line between them there are 4 kilometers and a decent slope, and it is these pipes that connect the hydroelectric power station at Gromotukha and the hydroelectric power station at Tikhaya. In general, a rather tricky design, simpler of course in, but obviously more difficult in Dushanbe. Alas, the taxi driver, who was approached, politely refused to take us to the power plants (and obviously on the principle of "whatever happens"), and we were too lazy to go ourselves. Therefore, here is just a photo of the diversion canal against the background of the Ivanovo Mountains:

The most interesting view of these mountains opens on May 9th. In Ridder, there is a tradition on the evening of Victory Day to light a star on one of the squirrels from torches stuck in the snow, and the star burns over the city to the volleys of fireworks. how it is highlighted, and about the celebration of May 9 in the most Russian-speaking city of Kazakhstan as a whole.

In general, although I hesitated at first whether I should go to Ridder (his brother Zyryanovsk was still in the plans), but in the end the former Leninogorsk impressed me. I would say that Ridder alone will give a more complete impression of Rudny Altai than the rest of Rudny Altai without Ridder.

But in the next part, we will go down to the Kazakh steppe beyond the Irtysh, where it is no longer Altai, but the Kalbinsk Mountains.

ALTAI-2017
. Trip review and TABLE OF CONTENTS series.
Northern Altai (Altai Territory/Republic of Altai)
. Barnaul and Belokurikha.
(2011)
(2011)
. Gorno-Altaisk, Mayma, Kamlak.
Altai in general
. Regions and peoples.
. Land of six religions.
. At the origins of the Turkic world.
. Maral breeding.
Kazakh Altai - there will be posts!
Ridder. City in Rudny Altai.
Sibinskiye lakes and Ak-Baur.
Ust-Kamenogorsk. General color.
Ust-Kamenogorsk. Zhastar park.
Ust-Kamenogorsk. Old city.
Ust-Kamenogorsk. Industrial areas and stations.
Ust-Kamenogorsk. Left Bank Park.
Rudny Altai. Serebryansk and Bukhtarma.
Rudny Altai. Zyryanovsk.
Katon-Karagai and Bolshenarim. Kazakh Mountain Altai.
Bukhtarma. Korobikha, Uryl and back side Beluga whales.
Mongolian Altai - there will be posts!
Non-Altai Kazakhstan - see TABLE OF CONTENTS!
Alma-Ata. General-2017.
Alma-Ata. Talgar pass, or a trip beyond the clouds.
.
. Mounds, village and lake.
Astana. Miscellaneous-2017.
Astana. Continuation of Nur-Zhol boulevard.
.
Steppe Altai - see TABLE OF CONTENTS!

General overview of the city

The city of Ridder was founded in 1934. The territory of the city occupies 3.4 thousand sq. km. As of January 1, 2010, the population of the city was 58.2 thousand people. Ethnic composition for the same period is represented in the following ratio: Kazakhs - 9.6%, Russians - 85.5%, Tatars - 1%, Germans -1.1%, Ukrainians - 1%, Belarusians - 0.3%, other nationalities - 1.2%. There are 1 city, 1 settlement district, 1 rural district, 19 rural settlements under the administrative subordination of the city. (1)

The city of Ridder is the third largest industrial center of the East Kazakhstan region after Ust-Kamenogorsk and Semey. The administrative territory of the region is located in the north-east of Kazakhstan, at the foot of the Ivanovsky ridge, in an intermountain depression at an altitude of 700 to 900 meters above sea level, in the Leninogorsk basin, in a mountainous forest-steppe zone.

The city of Ridder is part of the Ust-Kamenogorsk agglomeration, has promising deposits of polymetallic ores, is provided with water and forest resources, resources for building materials.

Polymetallic deposits are characterized by the predominance of lead-zinc ores containing gold, silver, cadmium, antimony, arsenic, tin, iron, sulfur and other elements. Deposits of building materials are represented by brick raw materials, sand and gravel mixtures and sands.

The climate of the region is sharply continental, character traits- cold long winter, moderately cool summer, large annual and daily fluctuations in air temperature. The average annual temperature is +1.5 degrees Celsius, the average temperature in January is -12.7 degrees, the absolute minimum is -47 degrees, the average temperature in July is +16.7, the absolute maximum is +37. The annual amount of precipitation is 675 mm, the precipitation during the year is uneven: for the winter period (November-March) 126 mm falls, for the summer period (April-October) - 549 mm.

In the Leninogorsk depression, a landscape of a mountainous forest-steppe type is developed: dark coniferous taiga, mixed forests, shrubs and tall forbs. A significant area is occupied by a pine forest located in the vicinity of Ridder. Widespread use of land for economic purposes is difficult due to the mountainous terrain.

The region has many small streams and streams, a well-developed network of rivers, which, merging, forms the Ulba River. All rivers are mountainous, with rapid currents and rocky channels. The source of water supply for the city of Ridder is the Maloulbinskoye reservoir, located in a mountain basin. The area of ​​the mirror is 3.7 km.km., the volume is 84 million cubic meters.

On the territory of the region, cold radon waters have been identified that can be used for medicinal purposes.

The region is home to the Altai Botanical Garden, founded in 1936, one of the first in the former Soviet Union. In the northeast of the region, on the border with Russian Federation the West Altai State Nature Reserve, established in 1992, is located. It occupies parts of the territories of the Zyryanovsky district and the lands of Ridder, its area is more than 50 thousand hectares.

According to its natural and climatic conditions, the reserve reflects all the specific features of the South Siberian taiga. In terms of floristic richness and diversity of the animal world, it occupies one of the leading places among the 10 reserves of Kazakhstan. The flora of vascular plants is represented by 880 species from 350 genera and 85 families. Rare species in need of special protection - 96, including 27 listed in the Red Book of Kazakhstan. The fauna of the reserve includes 150 species of birds, 55 species of mammals and about 10 thousand species of invertebrates, including 8 species listed in the Red Book. Taking into account the special ecological, scientific and recreational significance, the reserve is assigned to the highest category of "Specially Protected natural areas» of republican significance with the status of an environmental institution with a protected regime.

The uniqueness of natural data and industrial potential make it possible to develop equestrian and hiking tourism, mountaineering, rafting on mountain rivers, paragliding, ecological tourism(observation of flora and fauna), medical tourism, geological tourism (collection of minerals, rock samples), extreme tourism, car, motorcycle and bicycle tourism, ski and mountain tourism and other areas.

Ridder is a small, provincial city, but it has its own interesting story. People have chosen these abundant places since time immemorial, in the Stone Age, as evidenced by stone tools found by archaeologists in the city.
The fact that Altai is rich in minerals was remembered during the reign of Empress Catherine II. The history of the city begins in 1786, when the royal Decree was issued on the need to start searching for "not only ores, but also all kinds of stones and minerals."

In early May 1786, 9 search parties were sent to Altai, one of which was headed by 27-year-old mountain officer Philip Ridder, the grandson of a Swedish military doctor captured by the Russians near Poltava, the son of a Russified garment manufacturer. On May 31, 1786, he discovers the richest deposit containing gold, silver, and polymetals. In the summer of the same year, the first buildings were erected and the settlement was named the Ridder mine.

The uniqueness of the ores of the Ridder deposit has been repeatedly noted by specialists of various levels and commissions. It became known far beyond the borders of Russia. In 1850, Ridder ores received the highest rating at the World Exhibition in London, and in 1879 their samples were included in the "collection of the museum of the Stockholm Royal Technical Institute."

Years passed, governments and formations changed. At the beginning of the twentieth century, Ridder experienced a number of foreign concessions, years of revolution and civil war. The settlement of the Riddersky mine becomes the village of Riddersky, then the settlement, and, finally, from January 1932 - the city of Ridder. On the eve of the war, the city of Ridder was renamed the city of Leninogorsk.

Industrial construction in Leninogorsk during the years of Soviet power gained a wide scope. The Lead plant was built - the firstborn of non-ferrous metallurgy in Kazakhstan, the Leninogorsk cascade of hydroelectric power stations - the only one in Kazakhstan and the second in the USSR, mines, factories, residential areas, a zinc plant. A mining and metallurgical technical school was opened on the basis of the Factory Training School (FZO).

The region's economy is focused on the development of polymetallic deposits and ore processing, heat and hydropower industries, and small businesses.

A pronounced industrial focus is due to the dominance of the mining industry and non-ferrous metallurgy. To a large extent, machine-building, energy, and small businesses are also oriented to servicing this sector. The industry of the region is represented by 16 large and medium-sized enterprises in the fields of mining, non-ferrous metallurgy, mechanical engineering, heat and power, water supply and sewerage services, as well as small and auxiliary enterprises.

The city of Ridder makes a significant contribution to the economy of the region and the Republic. Important role Entrepreneurship plays a role in the city's economy. Business entities of all forms of ownership operate on the territory of the city: large, medium, small enterprises, mixed markets, municipal trading floors, shops, pharmacies, gas stations, catering establishments, canteens, enterprises providing services to the population.

One of the major users of natural resources in the region is Kazzinc LLP. On the territory of the Eastern region there are 6 production complexes of Kazzinc LLP, among them the Ridder Mining and Processing Complex (RGOK), the Ridder Zinc Plant, which are the city-forming enterprises of the city of Ridder. Today, RGOK includes the Ridder-Sokolny and Tishinsky mines, a processing plant, a number of auxiliary shops and divisions, and subsidiaries.

The city-forming enterprises of the region also include Kaztyumen JSC, Kazzincmash LLP. Also known in the city are such enterprises as Shemazat, Production and Trading Company Gemma, Volna, Vertical, Geolen, Infroservice, etc.

The main types of manufactured industrial products: copper, lead-zinc, gold-bearing ores and their concentrates, raw lead, raw zinc, thermal power, sausages, bread and bakery products, beer.

The infrastructure of the city is unusually wide. This includes road construction, repair and restoration of roads, electricity and lighting, transport, communications, engineering, water supply and landscaping of the city.

As of January 1, 2010, there were 2 agricultural enterprises operating in the city, 106 operating peasant farms and 7.7 thousand personal subsidiary plots of the population.

At the beginning of 2009/2010 school year in the city there were 19 day comprehensive schools with 6382 students and 1 professional lyceum with 583 students, 1 college with 1298 students, 2 clubs, 9 libraries, 1 museum, 2 environmental sites.

The main modes of transport connecting the city with the regional center are rail and road. The total length of motor roads in the city is 630 km, the distance to the regional center is 130 km. (2)

Administrative-territorial changes

In [August] 1920. the village of Ridderskoye, as part of the Ridder volost, was transferred from the Zmeinogorsk district to the Ust-Kamenogorsk district. (3)

January 17, 1928 From the Ridderskaya, parts of the Krasnooktyabrskaya and Tarkhanskaya volosts of the Ust-Kamenogorsk district, the Riddersky district was formed with the center in the working settlement of Ridder. (approved by the All-Russian Central Executive Committee on September 3, 1928). (5)

Decrees of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the Kazakh ASSR of January 1 and January 7, 1932. The Ridder region was liquidated, Ridder became an independent administrative unit. (6)

Decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of February 10, 1934. the working settlement of Ridder was transformed into the city of Ridder. (7)

August 13, 1934 from the Ust-Kamenogorsk region, the Cheremshansky and Butakovsky village councils were transferred to the administrative subordination of the Ridder City Council. (8)

Decree of the East Kazakhstan regional executive committee of February 24, 1935. The following village councils were approved in the Ridder City Council: Aleksandrovsky, Butakovsky, Orlovsky, Poperechensky, Cheremshansky. (9)

Decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of December 31, 1935. the wording of the resolution of January 31, 1935 was changed: instead of "Ridder district" it should be read "the city of Ridder with accession to it countryside". (10)

Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Kazakh SSR of October 16, 1939. Aleksandrovsky and Orlovsky village councils were transferred from the suburban zone of the city of Ridder to the newly formed Verkh-Ubinsky district. (eleven)

Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Kazakh SSR of April 19, 1940. The Orlovsky village council was transferred from Verkh-Ubinsky district to the city of Ridder. (12)

Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Kazakh SSR of June 25, 1940. the working settlement of Pakhotny was transferred from the Verkh-Ubinsky district to the city of Ridder. (13)

Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Kazakh SSR of November 30, 1940. the May Day collective farm was transferred from the city of Ridder to the Bobrovsky village council of the Kirovsky district. (14)

Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Kazakh SSR of February 6, 1941. the city of Ridder was renamed into the city of Leninogorsk. (15)

Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Kazakh SSR of April 30, 1960. The settlement of the First District of the Ulbastroevsky Council is included in the city limits of the city of Leninogorsk. (16)

Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated June 28, 2002 No. the city of Lenino-gorsk was renamed the city of Ridder. (17)
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1) Statistical information is presented on the official website of the Department of Statistics of the East Kazakhstan region at: http://www.shygys.stat.kz
2) State Archive East Kazakhstan region (GAVKO), f.767, op.13, d.121
3) GAVKO, f.199, op.1, d.6, l.70v.
4) Reference book on the administrative-territorial division of Kazakhstan (August 1920-December 1936), A-A, 1956, p.158
5) Ibid., p. 200
6) Central State Archive (CSA) of the Republic of Kazakhstan, f.544, op.1b, d.216, ll.25, 36
7) CSA RK, f.544, op.1b, d.219, l.6
8) CSA RK, f.544, op.1b, d.219, l.41
9) CSA RK, f. 544, op 1b, d. 220, l. 88
10) CSA RK, f. 544, op. 1b, file 220, fol. 199
11) GAVKO, f.752, op.2, d.147 (newspaper "Stalin's Way", October 1939, No. 103)
12) Collection of laws of the Kazakh SSR and decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Kazakh SSR 1938-1957, p.127; Gazette of the Supreme Council of the Kazakh SSR, 1940, No. 4, p.5
13) Collection of laws of the Kazakh SSR and decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Kazakh SSR 1938-1957, p.130; Gazette of the Supreme Council of the Kazakh SSR, 1940, No. 6, p.14
14) Collection of laws of the Kazakh SSR and decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Kazakh SSR 1938-1957, p.136
15) CSA RK, f.1109, op.5, d.1, l.75
16) CSA RK, f.1109, op.5, d.71, l.60
17) Newspaper "Kazakhstanskaya Pravda", June 29, 2002, No. 142-143.

Among the steppes and sands is the city of Ridder, Kazakhstan. Despite its modest tourist popularity, it is nevertheless the oldest cultural and industrial city countries. Our article will tell about this city.

general information

Ridder is the third largest city in eastern Kazakhstan after Ust-Kamenogorsk and Semey. The last census showed that about 50 thousand people of various nationalities live in it. Founded in 1934, Ridder was a city where exiles from the central regions of Russia went. That is why the lion's share of the population, about 80%, are Russians.

The city of Ridder has the status of an industrial one. In its bowels lies a huge supply of gold, arsenic, silver, tin, iron and sulfur. Related elements are also being mined.

The climate is sharply continental. Under these conditions, significant temperature fluctuations occur. In summer, the maximum figure is fixed at around +37 degrees Celsius. In winter, the most severe frost was -47 degrees on the same scale.

natural landscape

natural landscape the Kazakh city of Ridder is difficult to conduct a full-scale economic activity. The region has a large number of different rivers, lakes and streams. All rivers originate in the mountains, so they have a rapid, fast flow. The water is muddy, carries a large amount of sand, stones and mountain debris, so independent river crossings are prohibited.

Because of the wooded area Agriculture difficult. The mountains of the city of Ridder can be seen from the window of every house.

Recent landscape and soil studies have shown the presence of large quantities radon waters, which can be used as an adjuvant treatment.

City `s history

The history of the city of Ridder is rich in events, despite the fact that the city itself is small and provincial. Its history begins in 1786. It was in this year that the royal decree was issued on the need to search for new deposits of metal-bearing ores.

Several detachments were sent to search and explore new lands. One of them was headed by officer Philip Ridder, the grandson of a Swedish military doctor and the son of a manufacturer. He managed to discover the field, which is the largest to this day. Ores containing gold, silver, sulfur, and iron were found. In the same year, residential and technical premises were quickly built and the development of the deposit began. The mines were named "Ridder Mine". Photos of the city of Ridder of that time, unfortunately, almost did not survive.

The uniqueness of the deposit has been confirmed by numerous commissions. The fame of the mines spread far beyond the borders of the country. In 1850, samples of the ore were presented at the World Exhibition in London. And in 1879, the ores were included in the collection of the museum of the Stockholm Royal Technical Institute.

At the beginning of the twentieth century, the city changed its name for several decades. From the settlement of Ridder, it became a village, and then the settlement of Ridder. In January 1932 the city became Ridder again. To the beginning of the Great Patriotic War was renamed Leninogorsk.

High mountains of Altai

The Kazakh city of Ridder grew up in a mountainous area. These are the historical mountains of Rudny Altai. Despite the fact that when we talk about Altai, we mainly mean the Russian city of Barnaul, Ridder fits into the overall picture as well as possible. The name "Rudny Altai" was once proposed by the archaeologist V.K. Kotulsky.

Most high points Gorny Altai are located at a maximum height of 2,000 meters. To the west, the height gradually decreases and turns into low mountains. The main minerals of Altai are halinite, pyrite, gold, silver, iron and sulfur. Copper-lead-zinc ores predominate, the main production of which is carried out in the mines of the city of Ridder in Kazakhstan. Processing and processing plants are also located there. This reduces the cost of transporting and completing freight trains.

The first expeditions in search of ores began in the 17th century, and Akinfiy Demidov, the great-grandfather of the famous Demidov brothers, who was popularly called the “Iron King” of the Urals, was lucky to discover minerals. Thanks to the availability of all the necessary tools, the development of the ore began in a few days. In addition, local residents, who were known as craftsmen in ore and blacksmithing, were a valuable resource. Demidov did not like foreigners. The minting of state coins of Catherine the Great was also carried out right there, since the mint was not far from the production, and a ready-made minted coin was delivered to the treasury. With the death of Demidov, the process temporarily stopped, but quickly found a new owner in the face of the state.

Industrial activity and economy

Many ordinary citizens have no idea where the city of Ridder is located in Kazakhstan. However, people associated with industrial production know its location very well. A wide wave of industrial construction swept over Leninogorsk during the years of Soviet power. Here was built the first non-ferrous metallurgy plant in Kazakhstan - lead. At the same time, a zinc plant was being built. Along with the main construction, residential areas were erected, mines and mines were developed. It is worth mentioning the only hydroelectric power station in Kazakhstan. At that time, it was only the second in the Soviet Union.

The economy of the region is closely connected with the development of ore deposits. Kazakhstan is a state with the richest deposits of natural resources, and the industrial development of the region and the country as a whole is of global importance.

About 15 enterprises are represented in the region, whose work is related to non-ferrous and ferrous metallurgy. Plants of instrument making, mechanical engineering, heat and electric power, as well as subsidiary enterprises providing services in the service sector.

Enterprises of the region

The infrastructure of eastern Kazakhstan is made up of large-scale industrial enterprises. Firstly, Kazzinc LLP. It is the country's largest natural resource user. It manages six city-forming industrial complexes: the Ridder concentrating complex, a zinc plant, two mines and two concentrating factories. The main production activity is the production of products from copper, lead, zinc and their alloys.

Secondly, Ridder is a manufacturer of food products such as sausages, bread and baked goods, as well as beer.

Transport device of the city

Despite the provincial location of the city of Ridder in Kazakhstan, it has close communication with other settlements and regions of the country. The main transport arteries are the railway and highways. The total length of roads in the city is 630 kilometers. And to the regional center - Ust-Kamenogorsk, only 130 kilometers. You can use the services of intercity transport and taxis.

Sports events

The city of Ridder is the center of winter sports not only in Kazakhstan. Competitions in cross-country skiing, ski jumping, ski orienteering, biathlon are held here. Half of the athletes from the Kazakhstan national team in these disciplines are the natives of the city of Ridder, which they are very proud of.

In March 2013, the Eastern Region hosted the World orienteering by ski. Prize-winning places were won by natives of Ridder Daria Korneva and Dmitry Adamovich.

In 2006, the first motor and motorcycle races took place in Ridder. The event was warmly received by the residents, and since 2009 the races have been held several times a year, each time attracting new participants.

Attractions Ridder

The city of Ridder, although small, is old, and it also has something to see for tourists, so to speak, for general development.

For example, the local history museum, which was opened in 1960. In this unique place, evidence is collected of how hard, with a share of fanaticism, people worked, laying the foundations of production and building life on a completely empty, yet uninhabited land. In addition to samples of ore and metals, there are preserved cutlery, crockery, and household packaging in the mirror cabinets. There are many items of production, old-style machine tools and products. Even old photos of the city of Ridder (Kazakhstan) have been preserved.

It is worth paying attention to the Palace of Culture, which was built in 1961. The building has never been reconstructed and has retained its original appearance. It was considered the most beautiful in the city. The Palace of Culture is a prime example of the Soviet architectural style. At the present time, meetings and city events are held there.