Today we will try to decipher the values of the IQ level by translating the numbers into an understandable language. I would like to note right away that popular intelligence tests do not cover all your capabilities and, therefore, are not decisive in measuring the human mind.
It is known that the highest IQ is usually among theoretical physicists. They constantly calculate the most complex speculative models, this type of thinking is debugged, and it is easier for them to cope with these tests. But, let's say, artists usually do not gain comparable points. But can we really say that Aivazovsky is more stupid than Landau? Of course not. They just have different types of intelligence.
Especially since some people with exceptionally high IQ's Everyday life were completely helpless. For example, Kim Peak could not fasten the buttons on his clothes. In addition, not everyone has such a talent appeared from birth. Daniel Tammet gained his ability to memorize vast numbers of numbers after suffering from a terrible epileptic seizure as a child.
IQ level above 140
People with IQs over 140 are the owners of excellent creative abilities who have achieved success in various scientific fields. Famous people with an IQ score of 140 or more include Bill Gates and Stephen Hawking. Such geniuses of their era are known for their outstanding abilities, they make an incredibly high contribution to the development of knowledge and science, create new inventions and theories. Such people are only 0.2% of the total population.
IQ level from 131 to 140
Only 3% of the population has a high IQ. Among the famous people who have a similar test result are Nicole Kidman and Arnold Schwarzenegger. These are successful people with high mental abilities, they can reach heights in various fields of activity, science and creativity. Want to check who is smarter - you or Schwarzenegger?
IQ level from 121 to 130
The intellectual level above the average shows only 6% of the population. Such people can be seen in universities, as they are usually excellent students in all disciplines, successfully graduate from universities, realize themselves in various professions and achieve high results.
IQ level from 111 to 120
If you think that average level iq is about 110 points, then you are wrong. This indicator refers to intelligence above average. People with test scores between 111 and 120 are usually hardworking and have a life long pursuit of knowledge. There are about 12% of such people among the population.
IQ level from 101 to 110
A quarter of the population has IQs ranging from 101 to 110 - this is an average IQ level that allows you to achieve certain heights, but you can’t count on special success. By the way, the intellect can be developed, just as muscle mass can be pumped up, in the same way you can do fitness for the brain.
IQ level from 91 to 100
If you passed the test, and the result was less than 100 points, do not be upset, because this average is in a quarter of the population. People with such indicators of intelligence study well at school and universities, they get jobs in the field of middle management and other specialties that do not require significant mental effort.
IQ level from 81 to 90
One tenth of the population has a level of intelligence below average. Their IQ test scores are between 81 and 90. These people usually do well in school, but most often do not get higher education. They can work in the field of physical labor, in industries that do not require the use of intellectual abilities.
IQ level from 71 to 80
Another tenth of the population has an IQ level of 71 to 80, which is already a sign of mental retardation of a lesser degree. People with this result mostly visit special schools, but they can also finish the usual primary school with average marks.
IQ level from 51 to 70
About 7% of people have a mild form of mental retardation and an IQ level of 51 to 70. They study in special institutions, but they are able to take care of themselves, and are relatively full members of society.
IQ level from 21 to 50
About 2% of people on Earth have a level intellectual development from 21 to 50 points, they suffer from dementia, an average degree of mental retardation. Such people cannot learn, but are able to take care of themselves, but most often have guardians.
IQ level up to 20
People with a severe form of mental retardation are not amenable to training and education, they have an intellectual development level of up to 20 points. They are under the care of other people, because they cannot take care of themselves, and live in their own world. There are 0.2% of such people in the world.
Tests to determine the level of IQ are carried out in companies and schools, these two letters are heard by many. But not everyone understands what this indicator means: what it depends on and how it affects learning and career success.
What is IQ?
IQ (intelligence quotient, intelligence quotient) is a quantitative indicator of the level of intelligence in comparison with the level of the average person. The average person is considered to be the same age and development as the one for whom this coefficient is measured. It turns out that IQ does not show the level of intelligence itself, but its compliance or deviation from the norm, i.e. middle level.
Average IQ can be compared to average height. For example, according to
research in Kazakhstan, the average height of women is 164.4 cm, men - 177.5 cm. We compare the height of a person with the average and give an assessment: if the height exceeds the average, then we consider the person to be tall, and vice versa. It is important to understand that this average level is not constant, but depends on various factors. With the definition of the IQ level, the situation is approximately the same.How are IQ tests designed, and what results are considered normal?
There are no uniform standards for developing tests for determining IQ, but all tests are divided into age categories. Therefore, the same IQ for a child and a student does not mean that the student is stupid and the child is smart. After all, they have different age categories of tests.
The authors of the tests also write instructions for them, which explain how to pass them. These instructions are needed to minimize error. The tests include tasks for reasoning, memory, logic, acquired knowledge. The average score is considered equal to 100: tests are designed in such a way that the majority of results correspond to this indicator. The results of the test subjects are then compared with this average result.
It turns out that the average IQ test result is the level of most people. Therefore, the average level of intelligence is just normal. There are deviations from the average in the results, because many reasons can affect this: excitement, fatigue, haste. Only results less than 70 points can be considered a sign of mental retardation. A high level of intelligence with a score above 130 occurs in 2.2% of people - such data are cited by researcher Stuart Ritchie in his book Intelligence: Everything that Matters. At the same time, 68.2% of those tested correspond to the average level.
Source: Intelligence: All that Matters
What determines our level of intelligence?
Intelligence is the ability to learn and solve problems. Intelligence includes human cognitive abilities: sensation, perception, memory, representation, thinking, imagination.
Mankind cannot unambiguously say what intelligence depends on. For example, we know for sure that thinking is a function of the brain. It can be assumed that intelligence depends on some characteristics of the brain and nervous system: volume and relief of the brain, the amount of gray matter, speed nerve impulses. Moreover, it is more likely that combinations of different characteristics influence. If we consider each characteristic separately, then it is impossible to reveal its influence on intelligence. For example, the brain size of women is on average smaller than that of men. But on IQ tests, women on average score the same as men. This fact also suggests that intelligence does not depend on biological sex.
Scientists have also not established the influence of race or nationality on intelligence. Ushakov, in his book The Psychology of Intelligence and Giftedness, cites the following data: black orphans raised in foster families with access to better education have higher IQs. It is likely that intelligence in this case was more influenced by social factors than hereditary ones. This is confirmed by studies of twins with an identical set of genes, which Steward Richie cites. While twins are children, their IQ level is approximately equal, and this can be explained by genetics. As they grow older, children begin to create their own environment for themselves: someone spends time reading books and other activities, someone wanders around doing nothing. Then, with the same heredity, the level of IQ ceases to be equal. It turns out that with age we have more control over our environment. And the environments we create affect IQ levels.
Other facts speak about the influence of external factors on the intellect. The average IQ is higher in countries with a high standard of living. The quality of food and medical care, the availability of education, crime rates and social attitudes in society can also affect IQ levels.
Surprisingly, the average level of IQ is gradually growing both in the world and in individual countries. This process is called the Flynn effect, after the scientist who collected the data on these changes. The Flynn effect is paradoxical: the average IQ rises every 10 years. For genetic and evolutionary changes, this is too short a period of time. In addition, these data do not allow a strong connection of intelligence with heredity, race, nationality, gender, and brain characteristics. It turns out that people become "smarter" for various reasons, and the level of intelligence does not depend on anything specific.
How has the average intelligence quotient changed over time /
Have you ever thought about who is the most intelligent, talented and comprehensively developed person in the history of mankind? It is safe to call Leonardo da Vinci, but he is far from the only genius of our civilization. High intelligence is a double-edged sword. He can be like greatest gift, and a real curse for the person who possesses it. However, each of these people is a real person, despite the difficult destinies and difficult relationships with the surrounding individuals, fading against the backdrop of such bright "stars". But do not be upset, the brain can be developed and “pumped up” with knowledge and skills. So take this list as motivation!
The most famous person is Albert Einstein
"Disheveled" symbol of the 20th century
Born in Germany, Einstein became a symbol of science and progress throughout the 20th century. His surname has become a household name for smart people. He is one of two theoretical physicists that almost anyone can name (the other is likely to be Stephen Hawking). During his life he wrote more than 300 scientific articles, but is also known as ardent opponent nuclear weapons(he regularly wrote letters to President Roosevelt warning the dangers of using atomic bombs). Einstein also supported Jewish scientific development and stood at the origins of the Hebrew University in Jerusalem.
The IQ of a physicist is difficult to calculate accurately, since such studies were not conducted during his life, but his acquaintances and followers speak of a figure in the range from 170 to 190 points.
People have different skills and levels of intelligence: verbal, typical, spatial, conceptual, mathematical
IQ–
The concept of "intelligence quotient" was introduced by the German psychologist William Stern.. He used IQ as an acronym for Intelligenz-Quotient – intelligence quotient. IQ was a score obtained from a series of standardized tests administered by a psychologist to determine the level of intelligence.
Mind Research Pioneers
At first, psychologists doubted that the human mind could be measured, much less accurately. While interest in measuring intelligence goes back thousands of years, the first IQ test has only recently appeared.
In 1904, the French government asked the psychologist Alfred Binet to help determine which students were most likely to have difficulty in school. The need to establish the intelligence of schoolchildren arose so that they could all receive compulsory primary education.
Binet asked his colleague Theodore Simon to help him design a test that would focus on practical issues like memory, attention and problem solving, things kids don't learn in school. Some answered more difficult questions than their age group, and so, based on observational data, the now classic concept of mental age has emerged. The result of the work of psychologists - the Binet-Simon scale - became the first standardized IQ test.
By 1916, Stanford University psychologist Lewis Terman had adapted the Binet-Simon scale for use in the United States. The modified test was called the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale and became the standard intelligence test in the United States for several decades. Stanford - Bean uses a number known as IQ - intelligence quotient to represent an individual's score.
The intelligence quotient was originally determined by dividing the mental age of the person taking the test by their chronological age and multiplying the quotient by 100. It goes without saying that this only works (or is best suited) for children. For example, a child with a mental age of 13.2 years and a chronological age of 10 years has an IQ of 132 and is eligible to enter Mensa (13.2 ÷ 10 x 100 = 132).
During World War I, the United States Army developed several tests to select recruits for specific jobs. The Army's "Alpha" test was a written test, while the "Beta" test was given to illiterate recruits.
This and other IQ tests have also been used to test new immigrants coming to the US from Ellis Island. Their results were used to fabricate false generalizations about the "surprisingly low intelligence" of Southern European immigrants and Jews. These results in 1920 led to proposals by the "racially motivated" psychologist Goddard and others to Congress to impose restrictions on immigration. Although tests have only been carried out on English language, and the vast majority of immigrants did not understand it, the United States government deported many thousands worthy people that have been flagged as "unsuitable" or "undesirable". And this happened a decade before Nazi Germany started talking about eugenics.
Psychologist David Wexler was dissatisfied, in his opinion, with the limited Stanford-Binet tests. The main reason for this was the single score, its emphasis on time limits, and the fact that the test was designed specifically for children and therefore not suitable for adults.
As a result, during the 1930s, Wexler developed a new test that was known as the Wexler Bellevue Intelligence Scale. The test was subsequently revised and became known as the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, or WAIS. Instead of one overall score, the test created an overall picture of strengths and weaknesses subject. One advantage of this approach is that it also provides useful information. For example, high scores in some areas and low scores in others are indicative of a specific learning disability.
WAIS was psychologist Robert Wechsler's first test, while the WISC (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children) and the Wechsler Preschool Intelligence Scale (WPPSI) were developed later. The adult version has since been revised three times: WAIS-R (1981), WAIS III (1997) and in 2008 WAIS-IV.
Unlike tests based on chronological and mental age scales and standards, as in the case of Stanford-Binet, all versions of WAIS are calculated by comparing the test person's score with that of other test subjects of the same age group.
The average IQ score (worldwide) is 100 with 2/3 of the scores in the "normal" range of 85 to 115. The WAIS norms have become the standard in IQ testing and are therefore used by the Eysenck and Stanford-Binet tests, with the exception that standard deviation it has 16 instead of 15. The Cattell test has a deviation of 23.8 - it often gives very flattering IQs, which can mislead uninformed people.
High IQ - high intelligence?
IQ for the gifted is determined using special tests which provide psychologists with many useful information. Many of them GPA fixed at 145–150, and the full range is between 120 and 190. Scores below 120 are not designed for the test, and scores above 190 are very difficult to interpolate, although it is possible.
Paul Kooijmans from the Netherlands is considered the founder of upper range IQ tests, and he is the creator of most of the original, and now classic, tests of this type. He also founded and administers the super-high IQ societies Glia, Giga, and Grail. Among the most famous and popular Kooijmans tests are the Genius Test, the Nemesis Test, and the Kooijmans Multiple Choice Test. Paul's presence, influence and participation is a must, it's an integral part of the spirit of ultra-high IQ tests and his communities at large. Other classic IQ test gurus are Ron Hoeflin, Robert Lato, Laurent Dubois, Mislav Predavec, and Jonathon Wye.
There are different types of thinking that manifest themselves in different ways. different levels . People have different skills and intelligence levels: verbal, typical, spatial, conceptual, mathematical. But there are also different ways to manifest them - logical, lateral, convergent, linear, divergent, and even inspired and ingenious.
Standard and Elevated IQ Tests Reveal General Intelligence Factor; but in high-level tests it is defined in different ways.
There is a lot of talk about high IQ scores being called genius IQs, but what do these numbers really mean and how do they add up? What IQ score is a sign of genius?
High IQ is any score above 140.
Genius IQ- more than 160.
great genius– the score is equal to or greater than 200 points.
High IQ is directly related to academic success, but does it have an impact on success in life in general? How much luckier are geniuses than people with lower IQs? Some experts believe that compared to other factors, including emotional intellect, the IQ has a smaller value.
Breakdown of IQ scores
So how exactly are IQ scores interpreted? Average IQ test score is 100. 68% of IQ test results fall within the standard deviation of the mean. This means that most people have an IQ between 85 and 115.
Up to 24 points: profound dementia.
25–39 points: severe mental disability.
40–54 points: moderate dementia.
55–69 points: mild mental disability.
70–84 points: borderline mental disorder.
85–114 points: average intelligence.
115–129 points: Above average level.
130–144 points: moderate giftedness.
145–159 points: high endowment.
160–179 points c: exceptional talent.
over 179 points: deep endowment.
What does IQ mean?
When talking about intelligence tests, IQ is called "giftedness scores". What do they represent in assessing IQ? To understand this, it is important to first understand testing in general.
Today's IQ tests are mostly based on the original tests., developed in the early 1900s by a French psychologist Alfred Binet to identify students in need of additional assistance.
Based on his research, Binet developed the concept of mental age. Children in some age groups quickly answered questions that were usually answered by older children - their mental age exceeded chronological age. Binet's measurements of intelligence were based on the average abilities of children in a certain age group.
IQ tests are designed to measure a person's ability to solve problems and reason. The IQ score is a measure of fluid and crystallized intelligence. The scores indicate how well the test was done compared to other people in that age group.
Understanding IQ
The distribution of IQ scores follows the Bell curve– a bell-shaped curve, the peak of which corresponds to the largest number of test results. The bell is then lowered on each side, with scores below average on one side and above average on the other.
The mean value is equal to the average score and is calculated by adding all the results and then dividing them by the total number of points.
Standard deviation is a measure of variability in a population. A low standard deviation means that most of the data points are very close to the same value. A high standard deviation indicates that the data points tend to be farther from the mean. In IQ testing, the standard deviation is 15.
IQ increases
With each generation, IQ increases. This phenomenon is called the Flynn effect. named after explorer Jim Flynn. Since the 1930s, when standardized tests became widespread and researchers note a steady and significant increase in test scores in people around the world. Flynn suggested that this increase is due to an improvement in our ability to solve problems, think abstractly, and use logic.
According to Flynn, past generations have mostly dealt with the concrete and specific problems of their immediate environment, and modern people think more about abstract and hypothetical situations. Not only that, but approaches to learning have changed dramatically over the past 75 years, and more people are, as a rule, engaged in mental work.
What do the tests measure?
IQ tests assess logic, spatial imagination, verbal-logical thinking and visual abilities. They are not intended to measure knowledge in specific subject areas, since an intelligence test is not something that can be learned in order to improve one's score. Instead, these tests assess the ability to use logic to solve problems, recognize patterns, and quickly make connections between different information.
While it is common to hear that prominent figures such as Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking have IQs of 160 or higher, or that certain presidential candidates have specific IQs, these numbers are merely estimates. In most cases, there is no evidence that these well-known individuals have ever taken a standardized IQ test, let alone made the results public.
Why is the average score 100?
Psychometrists use a process known as standardization to compare and interpret IQ scores. This process is carried out by conducting a test on a representative sample and using its results to create standards or norms against which individual scores can be compared. Because average score is 100, experts can quickly compare individual scores to the average to see if they fall within a normal distribution.
Grading systems can vary from one publisher to another, although many tend to follow the same grading system. For example, on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and on the Stanford-Binet test, scores in the range of 85–115 are considered "average".
What exactly do the tests measure?
IQ tests are designed to assess crystallized and fluid mental abilities.
crystallized includes knowledge and skills acquired throughout life, and mobile The ability to reason, solve problems, and make sense of abstract information.
Mobile intelligence is considered to be independent of learning and tends to decline in later life. crystallized is directly related to learning and experience and is constantly increasing over time.
The intelligence test is administered by licensed psychologists. Exist different kinds tests, many of which include a range of subtests designed to assess math ability, language skills, memory, reasoning skills, and processing speed. Their scores are then combined to form a total IQ score.
It is important to note that while average, low, and genius IQs are often spoken of, there is no single test for intelligence. Many different tests are used today, including the Stanford-Binet, the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, the Eysenck test, and the Woodcock-Johnson cognitive tests. Each of them differs in what exactly and how it is evaluated, and how the results are interpreted.
What is considered low IQ?
An IQ equal to or below 70 is considered low. In the past, this IQ was considered the standard for mental retardation, an intellectual disability characterized by significant cognitive impairment.
Today, however, IQ by itself is not used to diagnose intellectual disability. Instead, the criterion for this diagnosis is low IQ, with evidence that these cognitive limitations existed before the age of 18 and involved two or more adaptive areas such as communication and self-help.
About 2.2% of all people have an IQ score below 70.
So what does it mean to have an average IQ?
IQ level can be a good general indicator of reasoning and problem solving ability, but many psychologists suggest that the tests do not reveal the whole truth.
Among the few things they fail to measure are practical skills and talents. A person with an average IQ may be a great musician, artist, singer, or mechanic. Psychologist Howard Gardner developed the theory of multiple intelligences to address this shortcoming.
In addition, the researchers found that IQ can change over time. A study of the intelligence of adolescents with a gap of 4 years gave results, the values of which varied by 20 points.
IQ tests also do not measure curiosity and how well a person understands and owns emotions. Some experts, including writer Daniel Goleman, suggest that emotional intelligence (EQ) may be even more important than IQ. The researchers found that high IQ can really help people in many areas of life, but it does not guarantee success in life.
So there is no need to worry about the lack of genius, since the vast majority of people are not geniuses. Similar to high level IQ does not guarantee success, average or low IQ does not guarantee failure or mediocrity. Other factors such as hard labour, persistence, perseverance and general attitude are important pieces of the puzzle.
publishedGood day to all! In the process of self-development, it sometimes becomes interesting to learn more about your capabilities and features. IQ tests just help to determine what is well developed and what should be paid more attention to. And today we will just talk about what it is like, aikyu of a normal person, because sometimes a high result does not indicate that life is beautiful and easy.
iq definition
The iq level indicates which areas of thinking a person predominates, and not the level of his erudition. Therefore, when achieving success, the most important thing is motivation and internal resources, on which it becomes possible to rely on stressful and adverse situations. Usually the IQ depends on heredity. But if you practice regularly, it can be significantly increased. It is believed that the peak of the best indicator is 26 years of age, then the level gradually decreases, especially if a person does not keep himself in good shape. Therefore, it is very important to read books, solve problems and not give up in the face of difficulties, arranging for yourself brainstorm to find creative solutions.
by the most the best way to check it is the Eysenck test, but it should be borne in mind that it is the first result that will be true. Therefore, you should not chase a high indicator, and constantly double-check yourself. Also quite reliable are the tests of Cattell, Raven, Wexler and Amthauer.
Deciphering the values
- From 130 and above - this is the largest indicator, and such people can be called geniuses. But, unfortunately, it happens back side genius. Such a person, for example, can easily perform complex mathematical calculations in a matter of seconds, but at the same time does not know how to determine his desires, or simply cook food. There are only 2% of people in the world with this level of intelligence, including Nicole Kidman and Arnold Schwarzenegger.
- From 111 to 130 - above average. Such people have highest mark in all subjects at the University, they easily master the material and achieve success in science, medicine, politics, business ... Sometimes they themselves are surprised at how much energy and interest in knowledge they have. They are indefatigable and never stop growing.
- From 91 to 110 - and there is an average level that a quarter of the world's population has.
- From 81 to 90 - below average, if they are not engaged in self-development, then they do not achieve any colossal success, occupying the niche of an employee who does not stand out for his abilities and achievements.
- From 75 to 80 - an indicator of mental retardation in a mild degree. They are able to learn and work on a par with other people who have higher aikyu.
- From 51 to 74 - they study in specialized institutions, but are full members of society, are responsible for their actions and are able to take care of themselves.
- From 21 to 50 - dementia, usually under care, but able to take care of themselves.
- From 0 to 20 - only 0.2% in the world, they are not capable of either learning or independence. They have no idea what this world is like, what they are, all attention is directed deep into themselves.
Conclusion
I hope you were able to find the answer to the question of what is the level of aikyu and what indicator is normal, and no matter what results you get, remember that it is important to always be in good shape. I recommend reading my article on why to read books,
